Comparing support vector regression for PV power forecasting to a physical modeling approach using measurement, numerical weather prediction, and cloud motion data

Solar Energy ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 197-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Björn Wolff ◽  
Jan Kühnert ◽  
Elke Lorenz ◽  
Oliver Kramer ◽  
Detlev Heinemann
Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 338
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Donadio ◽  
Jiannong Fang ◽  
Fernando Porté-Agel

In the past two decades, wind energy has been under fast development worldwide. The dramatic increase of wind power penetration in electricity production has posed a big challenge to grid integration due to the high uncertainty of wind power. Accurate real-time forecasts of wind farm power outputs can help to mitigate the problem. Among the various techniques developed for wind power forecasting, the hybridization of numerical weather prediction (NWP) and machine learning (ML) techniques such as artificial neural networks (ANNs) are attracting many researchers world-wide nowadays, because it has the potential to yield more accurate forecasts. In this paper, two hybrid NWP and ANN models for wind power forecasting over a highly complex terrain are proposed. The developed models have a fine temporal resolution and a sufficiently large prediction horizon (>6 h ahead). Model 1 directly forecasts the energy production of each wind turbine. Model 2 forecasts first the wind speed, then converts it to the power using a fitted power curve. Effects of various modeling options (selection of inputs, network structures, etc.) on the model performance are investigated. Performances of different models are evaluated based on four normalized error measures. Statistical results of model predictions are presented with discussions. Python was utilized for task automation and machine learning. The end result is a fully working library for wind power predictions and a set of tools for running the models in forecast mode. It is shown that the proposed models are able to yield accurate wind farm power forecasts at a site with high terrain and flow complexities. Especially, for Model 2, the normalized Mean Absolute Error and Root Mean Squared Error are obtained as 8.76% and 13.03%, respectively, lower than the errors reported by other models in the same category.


2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Deng ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Yingchao Zhang ◽  
Hou Zhou ◽  
Peipei Cheng ◽  
...  

The forecast of wind energy is closely linked to the prediction of the variation of winds over very short time intervals. Four wind towers located in the Inner Mongolia were selected to understand wind power resources in the compound plateau region. The mesoscale weather research and forecasting combining Yonsei University scheme and Noah land surface model (WRF/YSU/Noah) with 1-km horizontal resolution and 10-min time resolution were used to be as the wind numerical weather prediction (NWP) model. Three statistical techniques, persistence, back-propagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN), and least square support vector machine (LS-SVM) were used to improve the wind speed forecasts at a typical wind turbine hub height (70 m) along with the WRF/YSU/Noah output. The current physical-statistical forecasting techniques exhibit good skill in three different time scales: (1) short-term (day-ahead); (2) immediate-short-term (6-h ahead); and (3) nowcasting (1-h ahead). The forecast method, which combined WRF/YSU/Noah outputs, persistence, and LS-SVM methods, increases the forecast skill by 26.3-49.4% compared to the direct outputs of numerical WRF/YSU/Noah model. Also, this approach captures well the diurnal cycle and seasonal variability of wind speeds, as well as wind direction. Predicción de vientos en una altiplanicie a la altura del eje con el esquema de la Universidad Yonsei/Modelo Superficie Terrestre Noah y la predicción estadísticaResumenLa estimación de la energía eólica está relacionada con la predicción en la variación de los vientos en pequeños intervalos de tiempo. Se seleccionaron cuatro torres eólicas ubicadas al interior de Mongolia para estudiar los recursos eólicos en la complejidad de un altiplano. Se utilizó la investigación climática a mesoscala y la combinación del esquema de la Universidad Yonsei con el Modelo de Superficie Terrestre Noah (WRF/YSU/Noah), con resolución de 1km horizontal y 10 minutos, como el modelo numérico de predicción meteorológica (NWP, del inglés Numerical Weather Prediction). Se utilizaron tres técnicas estadísticas, persistencia, propagación hacia atrás en redes neuronales artificiales y máquina de vectores de soporte-mínimos cuadrados (LS-SVM, del inglés Least Square Support Vector Machine), para mejorar la predicción de la velocidad del viento en una turbina con la altura del eje a 70 metros y se complementó con los resultados del WRF/YSU/Noah. Las técnicas de predicción físico-estadísticas actuales tienen un buen desempeo en tres escalas de tiempo: (1) corto plazo, un día en adelante; (2) mediano plazo, de seis días en adelante; (3) cercano, una hora en adelante. Este método de predicción, que combina los resultados WRF/YSU/Noah con los métodos de persistencia y LS-SVM incrementa la precisión de predicción entre 26,3 y 49,4 por ciento, comparado con los resultados directos del modelo numérico WRF/YSU/Noah. Además, este método diferencia la variabilidad de las estaciones y el ciclo diurno en la velocidad y la dirección del viento.


2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 296
Author(s):  
Mohanad A. Deif ◽  
Ahmed A. A. Solyman ◽  
Mohammed H. Alsharif ◽  
Seungwon Jung ◽  
Eenjun Hwang

Temperature forecasting is an area of ongoing research because of its importance in all life aspects. However, because a variety of climate factors controls the temperature, it is a never-ending challenge. The numerical weather prediction (NWP) model has been frequently used to forecast air temperature. However, because of its deprived grid resolution and lack of parameterizations, it has systematic distortions. In this study, a gray wolf optimizer (GWO) and a support vector machine (SVM) are used to ensure accuracy and stability of the next day forecasting for minimum and maximum air temperatures in Seoul, South Korea, depending on local data assimilation and prediction system (LDAPS; a model of local NWP over Korea). A total of 14 LDAPS models forecast data, the daily maximum and minimum air temperatures of in situ observations, and five auxiliary data were used as input variables. The LDAPS model, the multimodal array (MME), the particle swarm optimizer with support vector machine (SVM-PSO), and the conventional SVM were selected as comparison models in this study to illustrate the advantages of the proposed model. When compared to the particle swarm optimizer and traditional SVM, the Gray Wolf Optimizer produced more accurate results, with the average RMSE value of SVM for T max and T min Forecast prediction reduced by roughly 51 percent when combined with GWO and 31 percent when combined with PSO. In addition, the hybrid model (SVM-GWO) improved the performance of the LDAPS model by lowering the RMSE values for T max Forecast and T min Forecast forecasting from 2.09 to 0.95 and 1.43 to 0.82, respectively. The results show that the proposed hybrid (GWO-SVM) models outperform benchmark models in terms of prediction accuracy and stability and that the suggested model has a lot of application potentials.


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