Geostatistical analysis of health data with different levels of spatial aggregation

As for medical plane, there are some exertions has to be prevailed over for making the quality of treatment to be elevated. So there are two different levels of changes has been concentrated to enhance the level of hospitalization. The patient’s height, weight, temperature, pulse rate are being checked, manually by nurses. This is a time-consuming and tedious process for patients. Patient’s Health Data Assortment (PHDA) is the device to be initialized in all the hospitals where the patients can fill up their details, and problems they face. Simultaneously it is indicated to doctor through the app. The next level of concentration will be on sensing the drips level sensing. We use saline to improve patient’s health and avoid dehydration. The patient should be monitored and given special care during this stage or period of time. The saline level of the patient should be checked regularly. There are many deaths happening because of carelessness of caretakers and lack of nurses and doctors towards saline completion. If the saline level is monitored automatically the death rate can be reduced. The saline level monitoring system is developed to protect patient’s life from this type of accident. This system is build using Internet of Things (IOT) platforms. A predefined critical level is fed into the system and compared with actual level of the saline in the patient. When the level reaches the threshold value a buzzer and a alter message will send to the corresponding nurse or doctors for replacement of bottle.

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Examining the impact of the number of regions used in cluster detection methods: An application to childhood asthma visits to a hospital in Manitoba, Canada

Geospatial health ◽

10.4081/gh.2018.696 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mahmoud Torabi ◽

Katie Galloway

Keyword(s):

Childhood Asthma ◽

Spatial Aggregation ◽

Detection Methods ◽

Spatial Scan Statistic ◽

Scan Statistic ◽

Spatial Scan ◽

The Right ◽

Future Work ◽

The Impact ◽

Different Levels

The level of spatial aggregation is a major concern in cluster investigations. Combining regions to protect privacy may result in a loss of power and thus, can limit the information researchers can obtain. The impact of spatial aggregation on the ability to detect clusters is examined in this study, which shows the importance of choosing the correct level of spatial aggregation in cluster investigations. We applied the circular spatial scan statistic (CSS), flexible spatial scan statistic (FSS) and Bayesian disease mapping (BYM) approaches to a dataset containing childhood asthma visits to a hospital in Manitoba, Canada, using three different levels of spatial aggregation. Specifically, we used 56, 67 and 220 regions in the analysis, respectively. It is expected that the three scenarios will yield different results and will highlight the importance of using the right level of spatial aggregation. The three methods (CSS, FSS, BYM) examined in this study performed similarly when detecting potential clusters. However, for different levels of spatial aggregation, the potential clusters identified were different. As the number of regions used in the analysis increased, the total area identified in the cluster decreased. In general, potential clusters were identified in the central and northern parts of Manitoba. Overall, it is crucial to identify the appropriate number of regions to study spatial patterns of disease as it directly affects the results and consequently the conclusions. Additional investigation through future work is needed to determine which scenario of spatial aggregation is best.

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Using health data for decision-making at each level of the health system to achieve universal health coverage in Ethiopia: the case of an immunization programme in a low-resource setting

Health Research Policy and Systems ◽

10.1186/s12961-021-00694-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (S2) ◽

Author(s):

Binyam Tilahun ◽

Alemayehu Teklu ◽

Arielle Mancuso ◽

Berhanu F. Endehabtu ◽

Kassahun D. Gashu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Health System ◽

Performance Monitoring ◽

Data Use ◽

Routine Data ◽

Health Data ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Local Data ◽

Evidence Based Decision Making ◽

Different Levels

Abstract Background For evidence-based decision-making, there is a need for quality, timely, relevant and accessible information at each level of the health system. Limited use of local data at each level of the health system is reported to be a main challenge for evidence-based decision-making in low- and middle-income countries. Although evidence is available on the timeliness and quality of local data, we know little about how it is used for decision-making at different levels of the health system. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the level of data use and its effect on data quality and shared accountability at different levels of the health system. Methods An implementation science study was conducted using key informants and document reviews between January and September 2017. A total of 21 key informants were selected from community representatives, data producers, data users and decision-makers from the community to the regional level. Reviewed documents include facility reports, district reports, zonal reports and feedback in supervision from the district. Thematic content analysis was performed for the qualitative data. Results Respondents reported that routine data use for routine decision-making was low. All health facilities and health offices have a performance monitoring team, but these were not always functional. Awareness gaps, lack of motivating incentives, irregularity of supportive supervision, lack of community engagement in health report verification as well as poor technical capacity of health professionals were found to be the major barriers to data use. The study also revealed that there are no institutional or national-level regulations or policies on the accountability mechanisms related to health data. The community-level Health Development Army programme was found to be a strong community engagement approach that can be leveraged for data verification at the source of community data. Conclusion The culture of using routine data for decision-making at the local level was found to be low. Strengthening the capacity of health workers and performance monitoring teams, introducing incentive mechanisms for data use, engaging the community in data verification and introducing accountability mechanisms for health data are essential to improve data use and quality.

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Visual Methods for Analyzing Human Health Data

Encyclopedia of Healthcare Information Systems ◽

10.4018/978-1-59904-889-5.ch170 ◽

2008 ◽

pp. 1357-1364 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

C. Tominski ◽

P. Schulze-Wollgast ◽

H. Schumann

Keyword(s):

Human Health ◽

Visual Analysis ◽

Health Data ◽

Visual Methods ◽

Common Basis ◽

Abstract Data ◽

Key Issues ◽

Visualization Of Data ◽

Future Work ◽

Different Levels

This article focuses on the visual analysis of human health data that describe the number of cases of different diagnoses in a spatial and temporal frame of reference. To build a common basis for the later description of different visualization methods, basic concepts of visualization as well as an abstract data model are illustrated in Section 2. In the main part of this article we describe the visualization of human health data at different levels (see Section 3). Whereas basic visual methods for representing human health data abstractly are presented only briefly, the visualization of data with respect to space and time is described in more detail. This article concludes with remarks on future work and trends in Section 4 and a brief summary of the key issues described in this article (see Section 5).

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Dependence of Intergranular Fracture on Boundary Topography and Cohesion

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100071193 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 31 ◽

pp. 150-151

Author(s):

J. E. Doherty ◽

A. F. Giamei ◽

B. H. Kear ◽

C. W. Steinke

Keyword(s):

Grain Boundary ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Nickel Base Superalloy ◽

Boundary Shear ◽

Room Temperature Ductility ◽

Solid Solution Matrix ◽

Nickel Base ◽

Solution Matrix ◽

Different Levels ◽

Base Superalloy

Recently we have been investigating a class of nickel-base superalloys which possess substantial room temperature ductility. This improvement in ductility is directly related to improvements in grain boundary strength due to increased boundary cohesion through control of detrimental impurities and improved boundary shear strength by controlled grain boundary micros true tures.For these investigations an experimental nickel-base superalloy was doped with different levels of sulphur impurity. The micros tructure after a heat treatment of 1360°C for 2 hr, 1200°C for 16 hr consists of coherent precipitates of γ’ Ni3(Al,X) in a nickel solid solution matrix.

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Immunoenzymatic demonstration of the simultaneous presence of transferrin, hemopexin and albumin in a same hepatocyte and their ultrastructural localization

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100081309 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 88-89

Author(s):

M. Kraemer ◽

J. Foucrier ◽

J. Vassy ◽

M.T. Chalumeau

Keyword(s):

Plasma Proteins ◽

Rat Hepatocytes ◽

Ultrastructural Localization ◽

Carrier Proteins ◽

Normal Cells ◽

Adult Rat ◽

Adult Rat Hepatocytes ◽

Monospecific Antisera ◽

Different Levels

Some authors using immunofluorescent techniques had already suggested that some hepatocytes are able to synthetize several plasma proteins. In vitro studies on normal cells or on cells issued of murine hepatomas raise the same conclusion. These works could be indications of an hepatocyte functionnal non-specialization, meanwhile the authors never give direct topographic proofs suitable with this hypothesis.The use of immunoenzymatic techniques after obtention of monospecific antisera had seemed to us useful to bring forward a better knowledge of this problem. We have studied three carrier proteins (transferrin = Tf, hemopexin = Hx, albumin = Alb) operating at different levels in iron metabolism by demonstrating and localizing the adult rat hepatocytes involved in their synthesis.Immunological, histological and ultrastructural methods have been described in a previous work.

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