Genotoxic effects in the Eastern mudminnow (Umbra pygmaea L.) after exposure to Rhine water using the SCE and comet assay: A comparison between 1978 and 2005

To evaluate methods for analysis of genotoxic effects on mammalian cell lines, we tested the effect of three common genotoxic agents on Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells by single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay) and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). Suspension-grown CHO cells were separately incubated with etoposide, bleomycin, and ethyl methanesulfonate and analyzed by an alkaline comet assay and GC-MS/MS. Although DNA strand breaks were detected by the comet assay after treatment with all three agents, GC-MS/MS could only detect DNA nucleobase lesions oxidatively induced by bleomycin. This demonstrates that although GC-MS/MS has limitations in detection of genotoxic effects, it can be used for selected chemical genotoxins that contribute to oxidizing processes. The comet assay, used in combination with GC-MS/MS, can be a more useful approach to screen a wide range of chemical genotoxins as well as to monitor other DNA-damaging factors.

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The genotoxic effects of benzo[a]pyrene and methamidophos on black porgy evaluated by comet assay

Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology ◽

10.1007/bf02842691 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 455-460 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Liu Rixian ◽

Hong Huasheng ◽

Wang Xinhong ◽

Wang Kejian ◽

Wang Chunguang

Keyword(s):

Comet Assay ◽

Genotoxic Effects ◽

Black Porgy

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Nicotine derived genotoxic effects in human primary parotid gland cells as assessed in vitro by comet assay, cytokinesis-block micronucleus test and chromosome aberrations test

Toxicology in Vitro ◽

10.1016/j.tiv.2014.03.012 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 28 (5) ◽

pp. 838-846 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Christian Ginzkey ◽

Gudrun Steussloff ◽

Christian Koehler ◽

Marc Burghartz ◽

Agmal Scherzed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Comet Assay ◽

Parotid Gland ◽

Chromosome Aberrations ◽

Micronucleus Test ◽

Genotoxic Effects ◽

Gland Cells

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Evaluation of Genotoxic And Biochemical Stress Response To Mercuric Chloride In Erythrocytes of Freshwater Fish Channa Punctatus

10.21203/rs.3.rs-323881/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Harmanpreet Kaur Gill ◽

Kapil Paul ◽

Anish Dua

Keyword(s):

Stress Response ◽

Comet Assay ◽

Mercuric Chloride ◽

Biochemical Analysis ◽

Micronucleus Assay ◽

Blood Biochemistry ◽

Channa Punctatus ◽

Genotoxic Effects ◽

Toxicity Assay ◽

Blood Biochemical

Abstract Experiments were conducted to evaluate health of fish, Channa punctatus inhabiting mercuric chloride. Acute toxicity bioassays were performed to calculate 96h LC50 value and it was found to be 1.38mg/L. Chronic toxicity assay to investigate genotoxic effects on the erythrocytes of fish by comet assay and micronucleus assay along with alterations in blood biochemistry were evaluated. Results showed concentration and duration dependent significant DNA damage as observed by comet assay and micronucleus assay. The frequency of nuclear aberrations along with appearance of micronuclei were observed after 30 and 60 days of exposure. The blood biochemistry was studied by recording changes in levels of various biochemical parameters in blood serum and results showed the significant (p < 0.05) variations among levels of biochemical constituents such as Glucose, Lipids, Proteins, Bilirubin, Urea, Creatinine, Cholesterol, ALP, Albumin, SGOT, SGPT and Total Glycerides. The resultsindicated the stress response of specimen towards toxicant. The present study highly recommends the use of genotoxicity and blood biochemical analysis as the useful biomarker to assess toxicity in the aquatic water and hence to safeguards the surrounding ecosystem.

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Assessment of Genotoxic Effects of Pendimethalin in Chinese Hamster Over Cells by the Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis (Comet) Assay

Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.4274/tjps.79663 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 185-190

Author(s):

Nazlı DEMİR ◽

Sevtap AYDIN ◽

Ülkü ÜNDEĞER BUCURGAT

Keyword(s):

Comet Assay ◽

Single Cell ◽

Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Chinese Hamster ◽

Genotoxic Effects ◽

Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis

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Effects of photopolymerisation on genotoxicity of composite adhesives in the comet assay

Genetika ◽

10.2298/gensr1602617d ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 617-627

Author(s):

Stefan Dacic ◽

Ninoslav Djelic ◽

Milena Radakovic ◽

Nada Lakic ◽

Aleksandar Veselinovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dna Damage ◽

Comet Assay ◽

Human Lymphocytes ◽

Negative Control ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Halogen Lamp ◽

Genotoxic Effects ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Isolated Human Lymphocytes

Certain in vivo studies have shown that the application of adhesives directly onto the open pulp or on a thin layer of dentin causes inflammation and pulpal abscesses. This reaction is related to toxic effects of monomers from adhesives. It has been confirmed that after proper illumination the adhesives become less toxic. The aim of the study was to examine genotoxicity of non-polymerised, partly polymerised and polymerised adhesives on isolated human lymphocytes using the alkaline Comet assay. Adper Single bond2 and Adper Easy One/3M ESPE adhesive photopolymerisation was performed by Elipar Highlight 3M ESPE halogen lamp for 0, 10 and 40 sec, at final concentrations of 100, 200, 500 and 1000 ?g/mL. With both adhesives, photopolymerisation at 0 and 10 seconds showed statistically significant increase in DNA damage in comparision to the negative control (solvent). On the other hand, after 40 seconds of photopolymerisation of both adhesives in all tested concentrations, the degree of DNA damage in Comet assay had no significant difference (P>0.05, ?2 test) compared to the negative control. Therefore, only the 40 seconds of photopolymerisation prevented genotoxic effects of both adhesives in the Comet assay.

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Evaluation of Genotoxic Effects of Asbestos on Occupationally Exposed Workers in Brazil

Biomonitoring ◽

10.1515/bimo-2016-0004 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Isabele C. Costa Amaral ◽

Francisco J. Guimarães Joca ◽

Leandro V. B. Carvalho ◽

Vinicio S. Castro ◽

Natália C. Pereira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Comet Assay ◽

Asbestos Exposure ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Exposed Group ◽

Chrysotile Asbestos ◽

Glutathione S Transferase ◽

Genotoxic Effects ◽

Genotoxic Damage ◽

Occupationally Exposed

Abstract Genotoxic effects of occupational workers exposed to asbestos can be evaluated using different biomarkers as oxidative stress enzymes in conjuction with comet assay. This study assessed changes to oxidative stress enzymatic parameters and genotoxic damage in workers occupationally exposed and non-exposed to chrysotile asbestos, who attended the outpatient Clinic of the Center for Worker Health Studies and Human Ecology (CESTEH/ENSP/FIOCRUZ) in Brazil. Chest radiography and spirometry were performed to assess clinical progression of symptoms. The traditional visual score comet assay in peripheral whole blood cells was used to assess DNA damage, and oxidative stress was evaluated by measuring catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities. Respiratory alterations were observed in 53% of workers exposed, as determined by pulmonary function and bronchodilation, and 6 workers were diagnosed with asbestosis. The comet assay was statistically significantly higher in the exposed group and individuals with asbestosis compared to the non-exposed group and individuals without asbestosis, respectively. Linear regression analysis showed that 28,4% and 50,5% of comet assay results were increased by exposure to asbestos and developed asbestosis. The results of CAT and GST were not difference between the groups. These results supports the association of genotoxic damage and the onset of asbestosis by chrysotile asbestos exposure in workers of this study.

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Application of Comet assay to assess the effects of white bean meal on DNA of human lymphocytes

Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.1590/s1984-82502012000100012 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 103-108 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Luciana Lopes Silva Pereira ◽

Silvana Marcussi ◽

Lívia Cabral Sátiro ◽

Chrystian Araujo Pereira ◽

Larissa Fonseca Andrade ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Cycle ◽

Comet Assay ◽

Human Lymphocytes ◽

Negative Control ◽

Genotoxic Effects ◽

Future Studies ◽

Bean Flour ◽

White Bean ◽

Bean Meal ◽

Cellular Dna

This study was conducted to evaluate the potential induction of genotoxic effects of white bean flour using the Comet assay. The test was conducted with human lymphocytes present in whole blood immediately after collection, by incubation with white bean flour in three concentrations (3.92, 9.52 and 18.18 mg/mL) at 37 ºC for 4 h followed by preparation of slides. Samples were considered positive (above 20% damage) when the damage observed to cellular DNA was higher than the negative control. No genotoxic potential was found at the doses tested. However, it would be premature to suggest absence of risk to human health of DNA damage since the exposure of cells to the extract was restricted to four hours rather than a whole cell cycle. Additionally, further information on toxicology should be obtained in future studies.

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