Intravesical Prostatic Protrusion Is a Risk Factor for Bladder Stone in Patients With Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Background: Intravesical prostatic protrusion (IPP) is a manifestation of benign prostatic hyperplasia marked by overgrowth of the prostatic median lobe into the bladder, producing bladder outlet obstruction and related storage and voiding symptoms. Methods: A MEDLINE® database search of the current literature was guided using combination of “prostate” with the following terms: intravesical prostatic protrusion, bladder trabeculation, bladder outlet obstruction, lower urinary tract symptoms, alpha blockers, transrectal ultrasonography, and prostatectomy. Results: Although IPP can be identified via a variety of imaging modalities, it is easily detected via transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS). Failing to detect IPP promptly by TRUS may result in refractory symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia, as the condition may not respond to typical α1-adrenoceptor antagonist therapy. In addition, depending on grade, IPP can influence outcomes and complications of prostatectomies. Conclusion: Upon report of lower urinary tract symptoms, initial performance of TRUS along with digital rectal examination prevents delay in the appropriate evaluation and management of prostatic diseases.

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Re: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia is a Significant Risk Factor for Bladder Cancer in Diabetic Patients: A Population-Based Cohort Study Using the National Health Insurance in Taiwan

The Journal of Urology ◽

10.1016/j.juro.2013.10.010 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 191 (1) ◽

pp. 58-59

Author(s):

Steven A. Kaplan

Keyword(s):

Bladder Cancer ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Health Insurance ◽

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Significant Risk Factor ◽

Population Based ◽

Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽

Diabetic Patients

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Thickness-to-Height Ratio of Intravesical Prostatic Protrusion Predicts the Clinical Outcome and Morbidity of Prostatic Artery Embolization for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology ◽

10.1016/j.jvir.2019.07.035 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 30 (11) ◽

pp. 1807-1816 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Simon C.H. Yu ◽

Carmen C.M. Cho ◽

Esther H.Y. Hung ◽

Jin Zou ◽

Brian T.Y. Yuen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽

Clinical Outcome ◽

Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽

Height Ratio ◽

Artery Embolization ◽

Prostatic Artery Embolization ◽

Intravesical Prostatic Protrusion ◽

Prostatic Artery

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Clinical Significance of Intravesical Prostatic Protrusion in Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/jucms.v3i1.13248 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 6-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ghanshyam Sigdel ◽

WK Belokar

Keyword(s):

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽

Symptom Score ◽

Flow Rate ◽

International Prostate Symptom Score ◽

Prostate Volume ◽

Maximum Flow ◽

Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

Residual Urine ◽

Intravesical Prostatic Protrusion

INTRODUCTION: Intravesical prostatic protrusion is a morphological change due to excessive growth of the median and lateral lobes of the prostate into the bladder in benign prostatic hyperplasia. It causes a 'ball-valve' type of obstruction during voiding. It is a useful parameter to assess the severity of the disease process, selection of treatment modality and its possible outcome in benign prostatic hyperplasia.MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective, non-randomized, observational study was carried out from January 2014 to June 2014 in the Department of Urology, College of Medical Sciences, Nepal. Total of 50 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia were evaluated to assess the correlation of intravesical prostatic protrusion with international prostate symptom score, prostate volume, maximum flow rate and post void residual urine. Correlation between parameters of interest was quantified with Pearson correlation test.RESULTS: A positive correlation was demonstrated between intravesical prostatic protrusion, international prostate symptom score, prostate volume and post void residual urine. There was a negative correlation between intravesical prostatic protrusion and maximum flow rate.CONCLUSION: Intravesical prostatic protrusion is correlated with international prostate symptom score, prostate volume, maximum flow rate, and post void residual urine volume and hence can be used to assess the severity of benign prostatic hyperplasia.Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences Vol. 3, No. 1, 2015: 6-10

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