Lower respiratory infections mortality among Brazilians under-five before and after national pneumococcal conjugate vaccine implementation

Vaccine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 2559-2565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Camargos ◽  
Cristiana M. Nascimento-Carvalho ◽  
Renato Teixeira ◽  
Elisabeth França
Keyword(s):  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Before And After

Change in Bacterial Causes of Community-Acquired Parapneumonic Effusion and Pleural Empyema in Children 6 Years After 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Implementation

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 474-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fouad Madhi ◽  
Corinne Levy ◽  
Laurence Morin ◽  
Philippe Minodier ◽  
François Dubos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Pneumococcal Infection ◽  
Pleural Empyema ◽  
Parapneumonic Effusion ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group A

AbstractWe describe here changes in the bacterial causes of pleural empyema before and after implementation of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) program in France (2009–2017). For 220 (39.3%) of 560 children, a bacterial cause was found. The frequency of pneumococcal infection decreased during the study from 79.1% in 2009 to 36.4% in 2017 (P < .001). Group A streptococcus is now the leading cause of documented empyema (45.5%).

scholarly journals 964Seroepidemiology of Pediatric Pneumococcal Colonization and Infection Before and After 13-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV13)

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S280-S281
Author(s):  
Douglas Swanson ◽  
Christopher Harrison ◽  
R. Scott Duncan ◽  
Chris Paap ◽  
Laura Puzniak
Keyword(s):  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pneumococcal Colonization

scholarly journals Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine impact assessment in Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah H. Baqui ◽  
Eric D. McCollum ◽  
Samir K. Saha ◽  
Arun K. Roy ◽  
Nabidul H. Chowdhury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Incident Case ◽  
Vaccine Type ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Control Study

The study examines the impact of the introduction of 10-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV10) into Bangladesh’s national vaccine program. PCV10 is administered to children under 1 year-old; the scheduled ages of administration are at 6, 10, and 18 weeks. The study is conducted in ~770,000 population containing ~90,000 <5 children in Sylhet, Bangladesh and has five objectives: 1) To collect data on community-based pre-PCV incidence rates of invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPD) in 0-59 month-old children in Sylhet, Bangladesh; 2) To evaluate the effectiveness of PCV10 introduction on Vaccine Type (VT) IPD in 3-59 month-old children using an incident case-control study design. Secondary aims include measuring the effects of PCV10 introduction on all IPD in 3-59 month-old children using case-control study design, and quantifying the emergence of Non Vaccine Type IPD; 3) To evaluate the effectiveness of PCV10 introduction on chest radiograph-confirmed pneumonia in children 3-35 months old using incident case-control study design. We will estimate the incidence trend of clinical and radiologically-confirmed pneumonia in 3-35 month-old children in the study area before and after introduction of PCV10; 4) To determine the feasibility and utility of lung ultrasound for the diagnosis of pediatric pneumonia in a large sample of children in a resource-limited setting. We will also evaluate the effectiveness of PCV10 introduction on ultrasound-confirmed pneumonia in 3-35 month-old children using an incident case-control design and to examine the incidence trend of ultrasound-confirmed pneumonia in 3-35 month-old children in the study area before and after PCV10 introduction; and 5) To determine the direct and indirect effects of vaccination status on nasopharyngeal colonization on VT pneumococci among children with pneumonia.  This paper presents the methodology. The study will allow us to conduct a comprehensive and robust assessment of the impact of national introduction of PCV10 on pneumococcal disease in Bangladesh.

Immunogenicity and Reactogenicity of 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Among Infants, Toddlers, and Children in Western Burkina Faso: Results From a Clinical Trial of Alternative Immunization Schedules

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 422-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer C Moïsi ◽  
Seydou Yaro ◽  
Sita S Kroman ◽  
Clarisse Gouem ◽  
Dramane Bayane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Primary Immune Response ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Bobo Dioulasso ◽  
Western Burkina Faso

Abstract Background Many African countries have introduced pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) into their routine immunization program to reduce the burden of morbidity and death that results from Streptococcus pneumoniae infection, yet immunogenicity and reactogenicity data from the region are limited for the 2 available PCV products. Methods We conducted a randomized trial of 13-valent PCV (PCV13) in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. Infants received 3 doses of PCV at 6, 10, and 14 weeks of age or at 6 weeks, 14 weeks, and 9 months of age; toddlers received 2 doses 2 months apart or 1 dose beginning at 12 to 15 months of age; and children received 1 dose between 2 and 4 years of age. We measured each participant’s serotype-specific serum immunoglobulin G concentration and opsonophagocytic activity before and after vaccination. For each age group, we compared immune responses between study arms and between the standard schedule in our study and the PCV13-licensing trials. Results In total, 280 infants, 302 toddlers, and 81 children were assigned randomly and underwent vaccination; 268, 235, and 77 of them completed follow-up, respectively. PCV13 resulted in low reactogenicity in all the study arms. The vaccine elicited a strong primary immune response in infants after 2 or more doses and in children aged 1 to 4 years after 1 dose. Infants who received a booster dose exhibited a robust memory response. Immunogenicity was higher than or comparable to that observed in the PCV13-licensing trials for a majority of serotypes in all 3 age groups. Conclusions PCV13 has a satisfactory immunogenicity and reactogenicity profile in this population. Our findings will help support decision making by countries regarding their infant and catch-up vaccination schedules.

Pneumococcal Bacteremia Among Infants With Fever Without Known Source Before and After Introduction of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in the Basque Country of Spain

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 667-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Benito-Fern??ndez ◽  
Santiago Mintegi Raso ◽  
Itziar Pocheville-Gurutzeta ◽  
Jes??s S??nchezEtxaniz ◽  
Beatriz Azcunaga-Santiba??ez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Basque Country ◽  
Pneumococcal Bacteremia ◽  
Before And After

scholarly journals Indirect Effects of 10-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Against Adult Pneumococcal Pneumonia in Rural Western Kenya

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 2177-2184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godfrey M Bigogo ◽  
Allan Audi ◽  
Joshua Auko ◽  
George O Aol ◽  
Benjamin J Ochieng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Pneumonia ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Western Kenya ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Rate Ratios

Abstract Background Data on pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) indirect effects in low-income countries with high human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) burden are limited. We examined adult pneumococcal pneumonia incidence before and after PCV introduction in Kenya in 2011. Methods From 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2016, we conducted surveillance for acute respiratory infection (ARI) among ~12 000 adults (≥18 years) in western Kenya, where HIV prevalence is ~17%. ARI cases (cough or difficulty breathing or chest pain, plus temperature ≥38.0°C or oxygen saturation <90%) presenting to a clinic underwent blood culture and pneumococcal urine antigen testing (UAT). We calculated ARI incidence and adjusted for healthcare seeking. The proportion of ARI cases with pneumococcus detected among those with complete testing (blood culture and UAT) was multiplied by adjusted ARI incidence to estimate pneumococcal pneumonia incidence. Results Pre-PCV (2008–2010) crude and adjusted ARI incidences were 3.14 and 5.30/100 person-years-observation (pyo), respectively. Among ARI cases, 39.0% (340/872) had both blood culture and UAT; 21.2% (72/340) had pneumococcus detected, yielding a baseline pneumococcal pneumonia incidence of 1.12/100 pyo (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.0–1.3). In each post-PCV year (2012–2016), the incidence was significantly lower than baseline; with incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of 0.53 (95% CI: 0.31–0.61) in 2012 and 0.13 (95% CI: 0.09–0.17) in 2016. Similar declines were observed in HIV-infected (IRR: 0.13; 95% CI: 0.08–0.22) and HIV-uninfected (IRR: 0.10; 95% CI: 0.05–0.20) adults. Conclusions Adult pneumococcal pneumonia declined in western Kenya following PCV introduction, likely reflecting vaccine indirect effects. Evidence of herd protection is critical for guiding PCV policy decisions in resource-constrained areas.

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