Prevalence of positive antibody test results for canine parvovirus (CPV) and canine distemper virus (CDV) and response to modified live vaccination against CPV and CDV in dogs entering animal shelters

Currently, there are no reliable predictors of the clinical outcomes of domesticated dogs that have been recently vaccinated against canine distemper virus (CDV) and develop respiratory disease. In this study, vaccinated dogs from Oklahoma City that were showing clinical signs of respiratory disease were evaluated for CDV antigen using a direct fluorescent antibody test (FAT). Clinical outcomes after standard symptomatic therapy for respiratory disease were recorded, and a statistical analysis of the results was performed. We present our study showing that CDV FAT results were predictive of clinical recovery (prognostic indicator, prospects of clinical recovery) among vaccinated dogs showing clinical signs of respiratory disease. Negative CDV FAT results equated to 80% chances of recovery after symptomatic therapy, compared to 55% chances of recovery when the CDV FAT results were positive. Based on the results of this study, we show that veterinarians can make better informed decisions about the clinical outcomes of suspected CDV cases, with 2-h turnaround times, by using the CDV FAT. Thus, antemortem examination with the CDV FAT on external epithelia of recently vaccinated, sick dogs is a clinically useful diagnostic test and valuable prognostic indicator for veterinarians. Application of the CDV FAT to these samples avoids unnecessary euthanasia of dogs with suspected CDV.

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Suppression of Canine Parvovirus Growth in CRFK Cells by Canine Distemper Virus.

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science ◽

10.1292/jvms.57.535 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 57 (3) ◽

pp. 535-537 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tsuyoshi GEMMA ◽

Chieko KAI ◽

Takeshi MIKAMI

Keyword(s):

Canine Distemper Virus ◽

Canine Parvovirus ◽

Canine Distemper

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Prevalence of serum antibody titers against canine distemper virus and canine parvovirus in dogs hospitalized in an intensive care unit

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association ◽

10.2460/javma.250.12.1413 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 250 (12) ◽

pp. 1413-1418 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jennifer L. Mahon ◽

Elizabeth A. Rozanski ◽

April L. Paul

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care Unit ◽

Intensive Care ◽

Canine Distemper Virus ◽

Serum Antibody ◽

Canine Parvovirus ◽

Canine Distemper ◽

Antibody Titers

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Seroconversion of puppies to canine parvovirus and canine distemper virus: a comparison of two combination vaccines

Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association ◽

10.5326/15473317-36-2-137 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 137-142 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

MJ Coyne

Keyword(s):

Canine Distemper Virus ◽

Serum Antibody ◽

Canine Parvovirus ◽

The Other ◽

Canine Distemper ◽

Combination Vaccines ◽

Antibody Titers ◽

The Mean ◽

To Receive ◽

Mean Time

Sixty puppies were randomly assigned to receive one of two commercially available combination vaccines, and responses to the canine parvovirus and canine distemper virus components of the vaccines were determined by measuring serum antibody titers. The percentage of puppies that seroconverted to canine parvovirus was significantly higher and the mean time for seroconversion was significantly shorter for puppies that received one of the vaccines than for puppies that received the other vaccine. Percentages of puppies that seroconverted to canine distemper virus were not significantly different.

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Comparison of two assays for detection of antibodies against canine parvovirus and canine distemper virus in dogs admitted to a Florida animal shelter

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association ◽

10.2460/javma.240.9.1084 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 240 (9) ◽

pp. 1084-1087 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Lauren K. Gray ◽

P. Cynda Crawford ◽

Julie K. Levy ◽

Edward J. Dubovi

Keyword(s):

Canine Distemper Virus ◽

Canine Parvovirus ◽

Canine Distemper ◽

Animal Shelter

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Serological detection of infection with canine distemper virus, canine parvovirus and canine adenovirus in communal dogs from Zimbabwe

Journal of the South African Veterinary Association ◽

10.4102/jsava.v85i1.1110 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 85 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Anna McRee ◽

Rebecca P. Wilkes ◽

Jessica Dawson ◽

Roger Parry ◽

Chris Foggin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Disease Transmission ◽

Canine Distemper Virus ◽

Wildlife Conservation ◽

Canine Parvovirus ◽

Control Measures ◽

Domestic Dogs ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Canine Distemper ◽

The Impact

Domestic dogs are common amongst communities in sub-Saharan Africa and may serve as important reservoirs for infectious agents that may cause diseases in wildlife. Two agents of concern are canine parvovirus (CPV) and canine distemper virus (CDV), which may infect and cause disease in large carnivore species such as African wild dogs and African lions, respectively. The impact of domestic dogs and their diseases on wildlife conservation is increasing in Zimbabwe, necessitating thorough assessment and implementation of control measures. In this study, domestic dogs in north-western Zimbabwe were evaluated for antibodies to CDV, CPV, and canine adenovirus (CAV). These dogs were communal and had no vaccination history. Two hundred and twenty-five blood samples were collected and tested using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for antibodies to CPV, CDV, and CAV. Of these dogs, 75 (34%) had detectable antibodies to CDV, whilst 191 (84%) had antibodies to CPV. Antibodies to canine adenovirus were present in 28 (13%) dogs. Canine parvovirus had high prevalence in all six geographic areas tested. These results indicate that CPV is circulating widely amongst domestic dogs in the region. In addition, CDV is present at high levels. Both pathogens can infect wildlife species. Efforts for conservation of large carnivores in Zimbabwe must address the role of domestic dogs in disease transmission.

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