Control of horn flies (Haematobia irritans) and gastrointestinal parasites and its relation with cow–calf performance

2009 ◽  
Vol 162 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 320-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. DeRouen ◽  
J.E. Miller ◽  
L.D. Foil ◽  
G.T. Gentry
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Haematobia Irritans ◽  
Calf Performance ◽  
Cow Calf ◽  
Horn Flies

PRODUCTIVITY OF THE COW-CALF UNIT IN RANGE CATTLE PROTECTED FROM HORN FLIES, Haematobia irritans (L.), BY PESTICIDAL EAR TAGS

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 575-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. O. HAUFE
Keyword(s):  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Economic Productivity ◽  
Haematobia Irritans ◽  
Southern Alberta ◽  
Grazing Period ◽  
Free Grazing ◽  
Cow Calf ◽  
Horn Flies ◽  
Fly Control ◽  
Summer Grazing

Experiments conducted on a ranch in southern Alberta evaluated the productivity of the cow-calf unit in breeding herds in response to treatment with pesticidal (8% fenvalerate wt/wt) ear tags to control infestations of horn flies, Haematobia irritans (L.). Optimum economic productivity was found to depend on the effectiveness of tags in establishing fly-free grazing (FFG) conditions and maintaining them without interruption during the complete summer grazing period. This was achieved when animals were tagged before the first overwintering horn flies emerged in spring. Present formulations of pesticide in tags will support the required FFG conditions for 85–90 d. Management of herds for maximum gains throughout the summer in southern Alberta requires fly control that will maintain FFG conditions for at least 115 d. Rates of gain in weight of animals under FFG conditions on dry range conformed with the 16% improvement in efficiency of production projected from controlled experiments on irrigated pastures. Key words: Cattle, cow-calf unit, flies, Haematobia irritans, ear tags, fenvalerate

22 Effects of Housing Cow-calf Pairs on Drylots vs Pasture on Calf Performance and Behavior Through Weaning

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 24-24
Author(s):  
Megan Myerscough ◽  
Wes Chapple ◽  
William T Meteer ◽  
Daniel W Shike
Keyword(s):  
Corn Silage ◽  
Time Interaction ◽  
Creep Feed ◽  
Calf Performance ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Cow Calf ◽  
Distillers Grain ◽  
Dried Distillers Grain ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Fence Line

Abstract The objectives were to analyze the effects of housing cow-calf pairs in drylots or pasture on calf performance and behavior through weaning. Simmental × Angus (2 yr; 108/yr; 81 ± 15.3 d postpartum) spring-calving cows were stratified by age, BW, BCS, and calf sex and allotted to six groups/yr. Groups were randomly allotted to 1 of 2 treatments: drylot (DL) or pasture (PAST). Calves in the drylot had ad libitum access to a diet consisting of corn silage, dried distillers grain, corn stalks, dry rolled corn, and soybean hulls. Calves on PAST received creep feed three weeks prior to weaning. Calf BW was measured on d 0, 55, and 110. Calves were fence-line weaned on d 110. Behavior was observed for two days after weaning. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS. Drylot calves had greater (P < 0.01) BW at d 55 and 110. There was treatment by time interactions (P < 0.01) for lying and eating on d 111. More PAST calves were lying at h 2 and 3 and eating at h 11 and 12. More DL calves were lying at h 9, 10, 11, and 12. More DL calves were eating at h 2 and tended to at h 3. There was also a treatment by time interaction (P < 0.01) for vocalizations on d 111. More PAST calves vocalized at h 1, however, DL calves vocalized more at h 4 and tended to at h 5. There was treatment by time interactions (P < 0.01) for eating and walking on d 112. More DL calves were eating at h 2, 3, 4, 7, and 9. More PAST calves were walking at h 1 and 2. There was also a treatment by time interaction (P < 0.01) for vocalizations on d 112. More PAST calves vocalized at h 1 and 10. In conclusion, housing cow-calf pairs in drylots improved preweaning performance and altered postweaning behavior.

scholarly journals Antifeedant Effects and Repellent Activity of Loline Alkaloids from Endophyte-Infected Tall Fescue against Horn Flies, Haematobia irritans (Diptera: Muscidae)

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 817
Author(s):  
Javier Espinoza ◽  
Manuel Chacón-Fuentes ◽  
Andrés Quiroz ◽  
Leonardo Bardehle ◽  
Paul Escobar-Bahamondes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Preparative Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Repellent Activity ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Haematobia Irritans ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Horn Flies ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Spatial Repellency

Haematobia irritans is an obligate bloodsucking ectoparasite of cattle and is the global major pest of livestock production. Currently, H. irritans management is largely dependent upon broad-spectrum pesticides, which lately has led to the development of insecticide resistance. Thus, alternative control methods are necessary. Endophyte-infected grasses have been studied as an alternative due to their capability to biosynthesize alkaloids associated with anti-insect activities. Thus, the main aim of this study was to evaluate the antifeedant and repellent activity of lolines obtained from endophyte-infected tall fescue against H. irritans adults in laboratory conditions. The alkaloid extract (ALKE) was obtained by acid–base extraction. N-formyl loline (NFL) and N-acetyl loline (NAL) were isolated by preparative thin layer chromatography (pTLC) and column chromatography (CC), and the loline was prepared by acid hydrolysis of a NFL/NAL mixture. Loline identification was performed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Feeding behavior was evaluated by a non-choice test, and olfactory response was evaluated using a Y-tube olfactometer. Accordingly, all samples showed antifeedant activities. NFL was the most antifeedant compound at 0.5 µg/µL and 1.0 µg/µL, and it was statistically equal to NAL but different to loline; however, NAL was not statistically different to loline. NFL and NAL at 0.25 µg/µL were more active than loline. All samples except loline exhibited spatial repellency in the olfactometer. Thus, the little or non-adverse effects for cattle and beneficial activities of those lolines make them suitable candidates for horn fly management.

scholarly journals Effect of fenbendazole on cow-calf performance and fecal egg counts

1985 ◽  
pp. 25-27
Author(s):  
Gerry L. Kuhl ◽  
R. Ridley ◽  
E. Francis ◽  
L. Riat
Keyword(s):  
Calf Performance ◽  
Cow Calf

Identification of microorganisms in partially fed female horn flies, Haematobia irritans

2012 ◽  
Vol 111 (3) ◽  
pp. 1391-1395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorena Torres ◽  
Consuelo Almazán ◽  
Nieves Ayllón ◽  
Ruth C. Galindo ◽  
Rodrigo Rosario-Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haematobia Irritans ◽  
Horn Flies

SUMMER TREATMENTS FOR CATTLE GRUB CONTROL AND THEIR EFFECTS ON HORN FLIES AND CATTLE WEIGHT GAINS

1965 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Khan ◽  
J. E. Lawson
Keyword(s):  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Haematobia Irritans ◽  
Horn Fly ◽  
Systemic Control ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Horn Flies ◽  
Daily Gain

Spraying yearlings with 2% Co-Ral in July was 100% effective for systemic control of cattle grubs (Hypoderma spp.). Spraying spring calves with 1% Co-Ral in August was equally effective, and gave better control (P < 0.01) than spraying with 1 or 2% Co-Ral in June or 0.5% Co-Ral in July. Co-Ral sprays were not suitable for horn fly (Haematobia irritans L.) control.Two per cent Sevin sprayed on calves in June or July did not control cattle grubs, and only partially controlled horn flies.Compared with the control group, the average daily gain was higher (P < 0.05) to weaning but lower (P < 0.05) in the feedlot in calves sprayed with 2% Sevin in June. Similarly, it was higher (P < 0.05) from birth to the end of the feedlot period in calves sprayed with 2% Co-Ral in June, but lower (P < 0.05) in calves sprayed with 0.5% Co-Ral in July.Mild toxicosis occurred in five calves sprayed with 2% Co-Ral in June, and subclinical toxicosis in calves sprayed with 1% Co-Ral in August.

scholarly journals 13 Effect of housing cow-calf pairs on dry lots vs pasture on calf performance and behavior

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 7-8
Author(s):  
Lucas T Neira ◽  
Ashley E Cooney ◽  
Wesley P Chapple ◽  
William T Meteer ◽  
Daniel W Shike
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Hair Coat ◽  
Calf Performance ◽  
Cow Calf ◽  
Distillers Grain ◽  
Dried Distillers Grain ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract The objectives were to analyze the effects of housing cow-calf pairs in dry lots (DL) or pasture (PAST) on calf performance and behavior through the receiving phase. Simmental × Angus (n = 108; 87 ± 11.5 d postpartum) spring-calving cows were stratified by age, BW, BCS, and calf sex and allotted to six groups. Cows were limit-fed a ration consisting of corn silage, dried distillers grain, corn stalks, dry rolled corn (DRC), and soybean hulls to meet protein and energy requirements. Calves had ad libitum access to same diet in an adjacent pen. Calves on PAST were rotationally grazed with free-choice mineral. After weaning (177 ± 11.5 d of age) all calves were fed a diet consisting of corn silage, wet distiller grains, DRC, and grass hay during the receiving phase (42 d). At the age 87, 142, 177, 198, and 219 ± 11.5 d, BW was measured. Hair coat score (HCS) and dirt score (DS) were measured on d 0 and d 90. Calf behavior was observed after feedlot arrival. Average daily gain, DMI and feed efficiency were also analyzed. The data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS. Dry-lot calves had greater (P < 0.01) BW and ADG prior to weaning. Calves from PAST had lower (P < 0.01) DS and greater (P < 0.01) HCS at weaning. Upon feedlot arrival, more (P < 0.01) DL calves were walking and had increased (P < 0.01) vocalizations. Calves from PAST had greater (P < 0.01) ADG, DMI as a percent of BW, and gain:feed than DL calves during the receiving phase. Calves raised in a dry lot had greater BW and ADG prior to weaning, but PAST calves had fewer behavioral signs of stress and greater growth performance in feedlot.

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