scholarly journals Therapeutic efficacy of eprinomectin extended-release injection against induced infections of developing (fourth-stage larvae) and adult nematode parasites of cattle

2013 ◽  
Vol 192 (4) ◽  
pp. 338-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Rehbein ◽  
D.G. Baggott ◽  
G.C. Royer ◽  
S. Yoon ◽  
L.G. Cramer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
Extended Release ◽  
Fourth Stage ◽  
Adult Nematode ◽  
Nematode Parasites

scholarly journals Effect of pasture species on internal parasites of lambs

1996 ◽  
pp. 59-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.L. Knight ◽  
R.A. Moss ◽  
T.J. Fraser ◽  
J.S. Rowarth ◽  
R.N. Burton
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Plantago Lanceolata ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematode ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Adult Nematode ◽  
Intestinal Nematode ◽  
Nematode Parasites

Increasing resistance of gastro-intestinal nematode parasites to anthelmintics and consumer resistance to the possibility of residues in animal products have prompted research on the effect of pasture species on nematodes and animal performance. Lambs (either infected with high rates of gastrointestinal nematodes or maintained nematode-free) were grazed on pure swards of chicory, high- or low-endophyte ryegrass, cocksfoot, tall fescue, lucerne, lotus, white clover or plantain. Infected lambs that grazed chicory had lower faecal egg counts and adult nematode populations, and higher carcass weights, than lambs grazed on plantain or the grass species; lambs that grazed legumes generally had intermediate counts, populations and weights. When kept parasite-free, carcass weights were up to 48% greater than in the nematodeinfected treatments. On farmlets run over 3 years, substituting 30% of the ryegrass area with lucerne or replacing the ryegrass with a multi-species mix consisting predominantly of bromes, tall fescue, phalaris, timothy and red and white clover, had no effect on gastrointestinal nematode larvae, lamb faecal worm egg or adult nematode numbers. It is concluded that a diet of pure chicory affects internal parasite populations but the small proportion included in the farmlet studies had no effect. Keywords: Cichorium intybus, Dactylis glomerota, Festuca arundinacea, gastro-intestinal nematodes, lambs, Lolium perenne, Lotus corniculatus, Medicago sativa, pasture species, Plantago lanceolata, Trifolium repens

Therapeutic immunomodulators from nematode parasites

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Harnett ◽  
Margaret M. Harnett
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Human Disease ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
The Past ◽  
Nematode Parasites ◽  
Helminth Infections ◽  
Immunomodulatory Properties

There has been an alarming increase in the incidence of autoimmune and allergic diseases in Western countries in the past few decades. However, in countries endemic for parasitic helminth infections, such diseases remain relatively rare. Hence, it has been hypothesised that helminths may protect against the development of autoimmunity and allergy. This article reviews the evidence supporting this idea with respect to helminths of the phylum Nematoda (nematodes), considering data from human studies and animal models of inflammatory disease. The nature and mode of action of nematode-derived molecules with immunomodulatory properties are considered, and their therapeutic efficacy in models of autoimmunity and allergy described. The recent and future use of nematodes and their products in treating human disease are also discussed.

The significance of precocity in the transmission of the nematode parasites of vertebrates

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. 1917-1922 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Anderson ◽  
Cheryl M. Bartlett
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Definitive Host ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Infective Larva ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Fourth Stage ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Nematode Parasites ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Advanced Development

The significance of precocity in the transmission of heteroxenous parasitic nematodes is reviewed. Precocity of nematodes in intermediate hosts manifests itself in the following ways depending on the species: (i) the unusually large size of the infective larva; (ii) the advanced development of the genital primordium in the infective larva; (iii) development to the fourth stage in the intermediate host; and (iv) development to the subadult stage (early fifth stage) in the intermediate host. Precocity apparently accelerates gamete and egg production in the definitive host when the behaviour of intermediate and definitive hosts restricts transmission to confined limits of space and time. Examples of precocity are outlined and, whenever possible, related to the behaviour of definitive and intermediate hosts during transmission.

Checklist of the adult nematode parasites of fishes in freshwater localities from Mexico

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1201 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
LORENA GARRIDO-OLVERA ◽  
LUIS GARCÍA-PRIETO ◽  
GERARDO PÉREZ-PONCE DE LEÓN
Keyword(s):  
Nematode Species ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Host Group ◽  
Adult Nematode ◽  
Nematode Parasites ◽  
The Family ◽  
Distributional Information

Based on original data gathered from fieldwork during the last years and from previous records from all published accounts, a checklist of the adult nematode parasites of freshwater fishes from Mexico is presented. The checklist is organized as a nematode-host list and comprises taxonomic and geographic distributional information. In total, the checklist includes 70 taxa (50 identified at species level) pertaining to 13 families. These taxa have been collected from 107 freshwater fish taxa in 198 localities along the Mexican Republic. The information we provide herein indicates that sampling effort has been concentrated in Central and South East Mexico, with the Northern region remaining mostly unexplored. The proportion of endemic nematodes is high in the country (74%, i.e., 37 of the 50 taxa identified at species level). The family Rhabdochonidae displays the highest species richness (12 species), and Rhabdochona kidderi is the most widespread nematode species in the country. Cichlids represent the host group with the largest number of samples in Mexico. Finally, we present a list containing new records of larval nematodes from localities in the states of Michoacán, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Tamaulipas and Veracruz.

On the morphology of Mermithonema entomophilum n.g., n.sp., a nematode parasite of the fly, Sepsis cynipsea L.

1941 ◽  
Vol 19 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 105-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Goodey
Keyword(s):  
Nile Blue ◽  
Body Cavity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Female Specimen ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Adult Nematode ◽  
Ringer’S Solution ◽  
Nematode Parasites ◽  
Systematic Relationships ◽  
Good Number

In the body cavity of a female specimen of the fly, Sepsis cynipsea L., (Diptera-Cyclorrhapha), caught at this Institute in August, 1930, the writer found eight adult nematode parasites; 3 females and 5 males. The fly was dissected in Ringer's solution in which the worms became actively motile when set free from the host. At the time of dissection it was seen that the fly's ovaries were in an undeveloped state and there is no doubt that this was due to the presence of the parasites within the body cavity. Beyond noting the fact that the worms seemed to be of a mermithid type they were not investigated further at the time but were fixed in hot 70% glycerine alcohol, to which a trace of Nile Blue sulphate solution was added, and were set aside. Although a good number of the flies were dissected during the month of-August no other example was found to be infected with this species of nematode and, as the worms have not been found again since 1930 in casual specimens of the fly captured and dissected here, it seems desirable to describe them since they appear to be new to science. Structurally they bear some resemblance both to Aproctonema entomophagum Keilin, 1917 and to Tetradonema plicans Cobb, 1919 but differ from these species in several anatomical features. Their systematic relationships are discussed in detail later on.

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