The open reading frame 3 (ORF3) of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is dispensable for virus infection but evidence of reduced pathogenicity is limited in pigs infected by an ORF3-null PCV2 mutant

2010 ◽  
Vol 147 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.M. Juhan ◽  
T. LeRoith ◽  
T. Opriessnig ◽  
X.J. Meng
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type 2 ◽  
Open Reading Frame ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Reading Frame

scholarly journals Genome Sequence of a Novel Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Strain That Reemerged in Southern China

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao-Lun Zhai ◽  
Xia Zhou ◽  
Tao Lin ◽  
He Zhang ◽  
Dian-Hong Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern China ◽  
Guangdong Province ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type 2 ◽  
Open Reading Frame ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Orf2 Sequence ◽  
Open Reading Frame 2

ABSTRACT Here, we describe a novel porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) variant (GD2014) found in the Guangdong province, southern China. Its complete genome is 1,766 nucleotides and contained a 708-nucleotide open reading frame 2 (ORF2). Sequence analysis suggested that GD2014 is closest to JS2015 originating from the Jiangsu province of China and belongs to the PCV2d genotype.

scholarly journals Properties of expression of protein capside porcine circovirus type 2 in bacterial cells

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-57
Author(s):  
Anastasia D. Titova ◽  
Kirill V. Kudzin ◽  
Vladimir A. Prokulevich
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Localization ◽  
Nuclear Localization Signal ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type 2 ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Localization Signal

To improve expression of the porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) capsid protein in E. coli cells, the corresponding gene was optimized and two variants of the open reading frame were constructed, which encoded the full-sized and shortened capsid proteins as part of the expression vector. Rare codons were replaced, and in the case of a shortened version of the gene, the region corresponding to the N-terminal domain of the protein was deleted. A comparison was made of the expression level of the studied proteins. It was established that the highest level of expression in bacterial cells is achieved by simultaneously optimizing the codons and removing the initial (N-terminal) 108 base pair (bp) portion of the gene, which contains the nuclear localization signal.

scholarly journals Whole-Genome Analysis of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 in Russia

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1631
Author(s):  
Sergei Raev ◽  
Anton Yuzhakov ◽  
Taras Aliper
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genome Analysis ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type 2 ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Whole Genome Analysis ◽  
Reading Frame

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is the causative agent of porcine circovirus-associated diseases (PCVAD) that bring about significant economic losses in the pig industry all over the world. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic diversity of PCV2 in Russia and characterize the available complete genome sequences. PCV2 DNA was detected at all investigated farms located in different regions of Russia. Whole-genome analysis demonstrated that the majority of PCV2 strains belonged to genotype PCV2d (12 out of 14), while PCV2a and PCV2b were only detected at 2 farms (one at each). Further analysis revealed that all antibody recognition sites in Russian PCV2 strains were different from the corresponding epitopes in a PCV2a vaccine strain, suggesting that PCV2a-based vaccines may only provide limited protection against these strains. PCV2d strains could be grouped into 3 distinct lines which shared 98.7–100% identity within open reading frame 2 (ORF2). It is the first study reporting the genetic diversity of PCV2 strains in Russia. Our data indicated that, similarly to China, Europe, and USA, PCV2a and PCV2b have largely been replaced by PCV2d.

scholarly journals Antibody Recognition of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Capsid Protein Epitopes after Vaccination, Infection, and Disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 749-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin R. Trible ◽  
Maureen Kerrigan ◽  
Nicholas Crossland ◽  
Megan Potter ◽  
Kay Faaberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Capsid Protein ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type 2 ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Antibody Recognition ◽  
Wasting Syndrome ◽  
Study Support

ABSTRACTOpen reading frame 2 (ORF2) of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) codes for the 233-amino-acid capsid protein (CP). Baculovirus-based vaccines that express only ORF2 are protective against clinical disease following experimental challenge or natural infection. The goal of this study was to identify regions in CP preferentially recognized by sera from experimentally infected and vaccinated pigs and to compare these responses to those of pigs diagnosed with porcine circovirus-associated disease (PCVAD), including porcine multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) and porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome (PDNS). The approach was to react porcine sera with CP polypeptide fragments followed by finer mapping studies using overlapping oligopeptides that covered amino acids 141 to 200. The results showed that vaccinated pigs preferentially recognized only the largest polypeptide fragment, CP(43-233). A subset of experimentally infected pigs and pigs with PDNS showed strong reactivity against a CP oligopeptide, 169-STIDYFQPNNKR-180. Alanine scanning identified Y-173, F-174, Q-175, and K-179 as important for antibody recognition. The results from this study support the notion of PCV2 modulation of immunity, including antibody responses that may represent a precursor for disease. The recognition of CP(169-180) and other polypeptides provides opportunities to devise diagnostic tests for monitoring the immunological effectiveness of vaccination.

scholarly journals Regulator of G protein signalling 16 is a target for a porcine circovirus type 2 protein

2009 ◽  
Vol 90 (10) ◽  
pp. 2425-2436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sirje Timmusk ◽  
Elodie Merlot ◽  
Tanja Lövgren ◽  
Lilian Järvekülg ◽  
Mikael Berg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
G Protein ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type 2 ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Structural Protein ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Orf3 Protein ◽  
G Protein Signalling

Interaction studies have suggested that the non-structural protein encoded by open reading frame 3 (ORF3) of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) binds specifically to a regulator of G protein signalling (RGS) related to human RGS16 (huRGS16). The full-length clone of RGS16 was generated from porcine cells and sequence analysis revealed a close relationship to huRGS16 and murine RGS16. In vitro pull-down experiments verified an interaction between porcine RGS16 (poRGS16) and ORF3 from PCV2. Using GST-linked ORF3 proteins from three different genogroups of PCV2 and from porcine circovirus type 1 (PCV1) in the pull-down experiments indicated that there were differences in their ability to bind poRGS16. Quantitative RT-PCR demonstrated that the expression of poRGS16 mRNA could be induced by a number of cell activators including mitogens (LPS and PHA), interferon inducers (ODN 2216 and poly I : C) and the neurotransmitter norepinephrine. Immunofluorescence labelling confirmed the induced expression of poRGS16 at the protein level and suggested that the PCV2 ORF3 protein co-localized with poRGS16 in LPS-activated porcine PBMC. Furthermore, poRGS16 appeared to participate in the translocation of the ORF3 protein into the cell nucleus, suggesting that the observed interaction may play an important role in the infection biology of porcine circovirus.

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