Monsoon variability and chemical weathering during the late Pleistocene in the Goriganga basin, higher central Himalaya, India

AbstractStable isotope analysis along with radiocarbon and luminescence dating of late Pleistocene lacustrine deposits at Burfu in the higher central Himalaya are used to interpret hydrologic changes in the lake basin. From 15.5 ka to ~ 14.5 ka the Burfu lake was largely fed by melting glaciers. A warming event at 14.5 ka suggests an enhanced monsoon and increased carbonate weathering. From ~ 13.5 ka to ~ 12.5 ka the isotopic data suggest large-amplitude climate variability. Following this, the isotope data suggest a short-lived, abrupt cooling event, comprising a ~ 300-yr intense cool period followed by a ~ 500-yr interval of moderate climate. A shift in isotope values at ~ 11.3 ka may signify a strengthening monsoon in this region. The inferred climatic excursions appear to be correlative, at least qualitatively, with global climatic events, and perhaps the Burfu lake sequence provides regional evidence of globally recorded excursions. This study also suggests a potential use of radiocarbon ages in specific environments as a paleoenvironmental proxy.

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Spatiotemporal patterns of distributed slip in southern Owens Valley indicated by deformation of late Pleistocene shorelines, eastern California

Geological Society of America Bulletin ◽

10.1130/b35247.1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 132 (7-8) ◽

pp. 1681-1703

Author(s):

Steven N. Bacon ◽

Thomas F. Bullard ◽

Amanda K. Keen-Zebert ◽

Angela S. Jayko ◽

David L. Decker

Keyword(s):

Sierra Nevada ◽

Late Pleistocene ◽

Spatiotemporal Patterns ◽

Luminescence Dating ◽

Fault System ◽

Lake Basin ◽

Extension Rate ◽

Owens Valley ◽

Beach Ridges ◽

South Central

Abstract High-resolution elevation surveys of deformed late Pleistocene shorelines and new luminescence dating provide improved constraints on spatiotemporal patterns of distributed slip between normal and strike-slip faulting in southern Owens Valley, eastern California. A complex array of five subparallel faults, including the normal Sierra Nevada frontal fault and the oblique-normal Owens Valley fault, collectively form an active pull-apart basin that has developed within a dextral transtensional shear zone. Spatiotemporal patterns of slip are constrained by post–IR-IRSL (post-infrared–infrared stimulated luminescence) dating of a 40.0 ± 5.8 ka highstand beach ridge that is vertically faulted and tilted up to 9.8 ± 1.8 m and an undeformed suite of 11–16 ka beach ridges. The tectono-geomorphic record of deformed beach ridges and alluvial fans indicates that both normal and dextral faulting occurred between the period of ca. 16 and 40 ka, whereas dextral faulting has been the predominant style of slip since ca. 16 ka. A total extension rate of 0.7 ± 0.2 mm/yr resolved in the N72°E direction across all faults in Owens Lake basin is within error of geodetic estimates, suggesting extension has been constant during intervals of 101–104 yr. A new vertical slip rate of 0.13 ± 0.04 m/k.y. on the southern Owens Valley fault from deformed 160 ± 32 ka shoreline features also suggests constant slip for intervals up to 105 yr when compared to paleoseismic vertical slip rates from the same fault segment. This record supports a deformation mechanism characterized by steady slip and long interseismic periods of 8–10 k.y. where the south-central Owens Valley fault and Sierra Nevada frontal fault form a parallel fault system.

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Late Pleistocene stratigraphy, glaciation chronology and Middle Weichselian environmental history from Klintholm, Møn, Denmark

Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark ◽

10.37570/bgsd-1995-41-16 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 41 ◽

pp. 181-202

Author(s):

Michael Houmark Nielsen

Keyword(s):

Environmental History ◽

Late Pleistocene ◽

Luminescence Dating ◽

Lake Basin ◽

Rock Types ◽

Baltic Coast ◽

Late Weichselian ◽

The Baltic ◽

Amino Acid Chronology

A new and fundamental outline of the Late Pleistocene geological history in SE Denmark is obtained from examination of exposed cliff sections along the Baltic coast of M0n. Multidiciplinary studies including lithostratigraphic classification, analyses of glaciotectonic struc- tures, biostratigraphic studies, amino acid chronology and radiocarbon and luminescence dating indicate the following: A shallow boreo-lusitanian sea that characterized the Eemian interglaciation (130-115 ka BP) was followed by periglacial conditions during the Early Weichselian (l 15-75 ka BP). In the early part of the Middle Weichselian (75--c. 40 ka BP) Baltic glaciers invaded the region twice, intenupted by an ice free and periglacial interval around 50 ka BP. The first ice stream left a reddish coloured till dominated by exotic rock-types of eastern Baltic provenance. From about 40-35 ka BP to slightly before 20 ka BP ameliorated conditions with periglacial terrestrial and lacustrine environments are recorded. A lake basin in the western part of the Baltic was surrounded by a low releif mammoth-steppe with an almost treeless vegetation of grasses, sedges, heather and dwarf shrubs. Increasing amounts of diamicton dominated by Palaeozoic shale and limestone towards the top of the muddy and slightly organic lake sediments suggest ice-rafting in the basin by the end of the late Middle Weichselian. Deposits suffered strong glaciotectonic deformation during the Late Weichselian glacial maximum (25-15 ka BP).

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Transient signal isotope analysis using multicollection of ion beams with Faraday cups equipped with 1012 Ω and 1011 Ω feedback resistors

Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry ◽

10.1039/c5ja00094g ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 30 (7) ◽

pp. 1582-1589 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Alkiviadis Gourgiotis ◽

Gérard Manhès ◽

Pascale Louvat ◽

Julien Moureau ◽

Jérôme Gaillardet

Keyword(s):

Isotope Ratio ◽

Isotope Analysis ◽

Ion Beams ◽

Signal Duration ◽

Transient Signal ◽

Potential Use ◽

Isotope Ratio Measurements

This work is a first attempt to evaluate the potential use of 1012 Ω amplifiers for transient signal isotope analysis. We showed how the transient signal duration influences the accuracy of the isotope ratio measurements.

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Eolian and fluvial sedimentation in the southwestern Sinai Mountains, Egypt: a record of flash floods during the late Pleistocene

Hydrology Research ◽

10.2166/nh.2012.172 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 44 (2) ◽

pp. 281-299

Author(s):

Jörg Völkel ◽

Jörg Grunert ◽

Matthias Leopold ◽

Kerstin Hürkamp ◽

Juliane Huber ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Late Pleistocene ◽

Arid Environment ◽

Alluvial Fan ◽

Luminescence Dating ◽

Alluvial Fans ◽

Extreme Floods ◽

Optically Stimulated Luminescence Dating ◽

Fluvial Sedimentation ◽

Southwestern Sinai ◽

The Last Glacial

Wadis emerging from the southwestern Sinai Mountains (Egypt) westwards to the Gulf of Suez are filled by >40 m thick late Pleistocene sediments, which have been subsequently incised to bedrock after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Sedimentation and erosion resulted from changes in the basin's hydrological conditions caused by climate variations. Sediment characteristics indicate distinct processes ranging from high to low energy flow regimes. Airborne material is important as a sediment source. The fills are associated with alluvial fans at wadi mouths at the mountain fronts. Each alluvial fan is associated and physically correlated with the respective sediment fill in its contributing wadi. The alluvial fans have steep gradients and are only a few kilometers long or wide. The alluvial fans converge as they emerge from the adjacent valleys. According to optically stimulated luminescence dating, the initial sediment has an age of ∼45 ka and the sedimentation ends ∼19 ka, i.e., happened mainly during marine isotope stage (MIS) 3 and early MIS 2 formation and initial incision sometime during LGM. As the delivery of sediments in such a hyper-arid environment is by extreme floods, this study indicates an interval of intense fluvial activity, probably related to increased frequency of extreme floods in Southern Sinai. This potentially indicates a paleoclimatic change in this hyper-arid environment.

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Facies Composition and Stratigraphic Position of the Quaternary Upper Yenisei Sequence in the Tuva and Minusa Depressions

Russian Geology and Geophysics ◽

10.2113/rgg20204183 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 62 (10) ◽

pp. 1127-1138

Author(s):

I.D. Zol’nikov ◽

I.S. Novikov ◽

E.V. Deev ◽

A.V. Shpansky ◽

M.V. Mikharevich

Keyword(s):

Late Pleistocene ◽

Lacustrine Sediments ◽

Alluvial Fan ◽

Luminescence Dating ◽

Middle Pleistocene ◽

Mountainous Area ◽

Gorny Altai ◽

Stratigraphic Position ◽

Geochronological Dating ◽

Current Ripples

Abstract —The paper concerns the sediment sequence, which is widespread in the Yenisei valley and in the Tuva and Minusa depressions and also present in the valleys of the southern Chulym plain. The sediments of this sequence were previously described as “Neogene mud-shedding”, as well as moraines, alluvial fan deposits, alluvium of Middle Pleistocene high terraces, and lacustrine sediments. The giant ripple marks on the Upper Yenisei terraces was commonly interpreted as ribbed moraines; however, in recent studies, these ridges have been repeatedly referred to as marks of giant current ripples. Besides, some recently published papers provide description of geology of this sequence fragments suggesting its deposition by cataclysmic floods. Geomorphological analysis of the area shows Pleistocene glaciers to have been localized within the medium–high mountainous areas. The glaciers did not reach the Tuva and Minusa depressions and occupied large areas only in the Todzha basin and on the periphery of the Darkhat basin, forming a glacial dam at its outlet, which resulted in glacial-dammed lakes filling the basin completely. These lakes outburst, and the resultant flooding led to the deposition of megaflood sediments, which we refer to here as the Upper Yenisei sediment sequence. A detailed analysis of its facies architecture revealed similarity of these sediments to those of the Sal’dzhar and Inya sequences in Gorny Altai. Most of the Upper Yenisei megaflood sediments are localized in topographic lows of the Tuva and Minusa depressions. Beyond the Altai–Sayan mountainous area, the megaflood sediments of the Upper Yenisei sequence compose high terraces of the Yenisei, Chulym, Chet’, and Kiya rivers in the southern Chulym plain. The formation of Upper Yenisei sequence dates to the first half of the Late Pleistocene, inasmuch as it contains inset alluvial sediments of the second terrace of the Yenisei River. The available data allow suggesting that the Upper Yenisei sequence formed in the first Late Pleistocene regional glaciation. The Sal’dzhar sequence in Gorny Altai and the fourth terrace of the Ob’ River on the Fore-Altai plain are stratigraphic analogs of the Upper Yenisei sequence. The Upper Yenisei and Sal’dzhar sequences can thus be considered future regional markers serving as a link for the local stratigraphic schemes of the Altai–Sayan mountainous area and adjacent West Siberian plains. The results obtained call for verification by geochronological dating, first of all, by modern luminescence dating methods covering a wider chronological interval than radiocarbon dating.

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Luminescence dating of Late Pleistocene faults as evidence of uplift and active tectonics in Sardinia, W Mediterranean

Terra Nova ◽

10.1111/ter.12458 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

pp. 261-271 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Leonardo Casini ◽

Stefano Andreucci ◽

Daniele Sechi ◽

Chun‐Yuan Huang ◽

Chuan‐Chou Shen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Late Pleistocene ◽

Active Tectonics ◽

Luminescence Dating

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Luminescence Dating of Fluvial Deposits from the Weser Valley, Germany

Geochronometria ◽

10.1515/geochr-2015-0015 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 42 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Julia Roskosch ◽

Sumiko Tsukamoto ◽

Manfred Frechen

Keyword(s):

Late Pleistocene ◽

Luminescence Dating ◽

Marine Isotope Stage ◽

Coarse Grained ◽

Performance Tests ◽

Luminescence Signal ◽

Fluvial Deposits ◽

Fine Grained ◽

Infrared Stimulated Luminescence ◽

Off Time

Abstract Luminescence dating was applied on coarse-grained monomineralic potassium-rich feld-spar and polymineralic fine-grained minerals of five samples derived from fluvial deposits of the Riv-er Weser in northwestern Germany. We used a pulsed infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) single aliquot regenerative (SAR) dose protocol with an IR stimulation at 50°C for 400 s (50 μs on-time and 200 μs off-time). In order to obtain a stable luminescence signal, only off-time IRSL signal was rec-orded. Performance tests gave solid results. Anomalous fading was intended to be reduced by using the pulsed IRSL signal measured at 50°C (IR50), but fading correction was in most cases necessary due to moderate fading rates. Fading uncorrected and corrected pulsed IR50 ages revealed two major fluvial aggradation phases during the Late Pleistocene, namely during marine isotope stage (MIS) 5d (100 ± 5 ka) and from late MIS 5b to MIS 4 (77 ± 6 ka to 68 ± 5 ka). The obtained luminescence ages are consistent with previous 230Th/U dating results from underlying interglacial deposits of the same pit, which are correlated with MIS 7c to early MIS 6.

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Chronology of the Late Pleistocene archaeological sequence at Vanguard Cave, Gibraltar: Insights from quartz single and multiple grain luminescence dating

Quaternary International ◽

10.1016/j.quaint.2018.02.020 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 501 ◽

pp. 289-302 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Nina Doerschner ◽

Kathryn E. Fitzsimmons ◽

Ruth Blasco ◽

Geraldine Finlayson ◽

Joaquín Rodríguez-Vidal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Late Pleistocene ◽

Luminescence Dating

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Evidence from the Rio Bayo valley on the extent of the North Patagonian Icefield during the Late Pleistocene–Holocene Transition

Quaternary Research ◽

10.1016/j.yqres.2005.09.002 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 65 (1) ◽

pp. 70-77 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Neil F. Glasser ◽

Stephan Harrison ◽

Susan Ivy-Ochs ◽

Geoffrey A.T. Duller ◽

Peter W. Kubik

Keyword(s):

Late Pleistocene ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Optically Stimulated Luminescence ◽

Luminescence Dating ◽

Age Dating ◽

Outlet Glacier ◽

Geomorphological Mapping ◽

Cosmogenic Nuclide ◽

The North ◽

Exposure Age

AbstractThis paper presents data on the extent of the North Patagonian Icefield during the Late Pleistocene–Holocene transition using cosmogenic nuclide exposure age and optically stimulated luminescence dating. We describe geomorphological and geochronological evidence for glacier extent in one of the major valleys surrounding the North Patagonian Icefield, the Rio Bayo valley. Geomorphological mapping provides evidence for the existence of two types of former ice masses in this area: (i) a large outlet glacier of the North Patagonian Icefield, which occupied the main Rio Bayo valley, and (ii) a number of small glaciers that developed in cirques on the slopes of the mountains surrounding the valley. Cosmogenic nuclide exposure-age dating of two erratic boulders on the floor of the Rio Bayo valley indicate that the outlet glacier of the icefield withdrew from the Rio Bayo valley after 10,900 ± 1000 yr (the mean of two boulders dated to 11,400 ± 900 yr and 10,500 ± 800 yr). Single-grain optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating of an ice-contact landform constructed against this glacier indicates that this ice mass remained in the valley until at least 9700 ± 700 yr. The agreement between the two independent dating techniques (OSL and cosmogenic nuclide exposure age dating) increases our confidence in these age estimates. A date obtained from a boulder on a cirque moraine above the main valley indicates that glaciers advanced in cirques surrounding the icefield some time around 12,500 ± 900 yr. This evidence for an expanded North Patagonian Icefield between 10,900 ± 1000 yr and 9700 ± 700 yr implies cold climatic conditions dominated at this time.

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