scholarly journals Simulation of consumer exposure to deoxynivalenol according to wheat crop management and grain segregation: Case studies and methodological considerations

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne Le Bail ◽  
Philippe Verger ◽  
Thierry Doré ◽  
Jean-François Fourbet ◽  
Agnès Champeil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Methodological Considerations

The traceback method and the early constructicon: theoretical and methodological considerations

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolas Koch ◽  
Stefan Hartmann ◽  
Antje Endesfelder Quick
Keyword(s):  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Child Language ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Methodological Choices ◽  
Corpus Data ◽  
Methodological Considerations ◽  
Language Corpus

AbstractUsage-based approaches assume that children’s early utterances are item-based. This has been demonstrated in a number of studies using the traceback method. In this approach, a small amount of “target utterances” from a child language corpus is “traced back” to earlier utterances. Drawing on a case study of German, this paper provides a critical evaluation of the method from a usage-based perspective. In particular, we check how factors inherent to corpus data as well as methodological choices influence the results of traceback studies. To this end, we present four case studies in which we change thresholds and the composition of the main corpus, use a cross-corpus approach tracing one child’s utterances back to another child’s corpus, and reverse and randomize the target utterances. Overall, the results show that the method can provide interesting insights—particularly regarding different pathways of language acquisition—but they also show the limitations of the method.

scholarly journals On tactical crop management using seasonal climate forecasts and simulation modelling: a case study for wheat

1997 ◽  
Vol 54 (spe) ◽  
pp. 121-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Meinke ◽  
R.C. Stone
Keyword(s):  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Simulation Modelling ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Phase System ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Oscillation Phenomenon ◽  
Climate Forecasts ◽  
Systems Simulation

The El Niño/Southern Oscillation phenomenon strongly influences rainfall distribution around the world. Using phases of the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) allows a probabilistic forecast of future rainfall that can be useful to managers of agricultural systems. Using wheat as an example, we show in this study how the SOI phase system, when combined with a cropping systems simulation capability, can be used operationally to Improve tactical crop management and hence increase farm profits and/or decrease production risks. We show the validity of the approach for two contrasting locations, namely Dalby in Northern Australian and Piracicaba in Brazil At Dalby, highest median yields were achieved following a rapidly rising SOI phase in April/May and lowest median yields following a consistently negative phase. Conversely, highest median yields at Piracicaba followed a near zero April/May phase and lowest median yields when the phase was consistently positive. We show how tactical management options can range from crop or cultivar choice to nitrogen management and marketing of the future wheat crop.

The value of skill in seasonal climate forecasting to wheat crop management in a region with high climatic variability

1996 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 717 ◽  
Author(s):  
GL Hammer ◽  
DP Holzworth ◽  
R Stone
Keyword(s):  
Crop Management ◽  
Seasonal Forecast ◽  
Seasonal Forecasting ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Phase System ◽  
Management Decisions ◽  
Seasonal Climate ◽  
Climate Forecasting ◽  
Daily Weather Data ◽  
Forecast Quality

In Australia, and particularly in the northern part of the grain belt, wheat is grown in an extremely variable climate. The wheat crop manager in this region is faced with complex decisions on choice of planting time, varietal development pattern, and fertiliser strategy. A skilful seasonal forecast would provide an opportunity for the manager to tailor crop management decisions more appropriately to the season. Recent developments in climate research have led to the development of a number of seasonal climate forecasting systems. The objectives of this study were to determine the value of the capability in seasonal forecasting to wheat crop management, to compare the value of the existing forecast methodologies, and to consider the potential value of improved forecast quality. We examined decisions on nitrogen (N) fertiliser and cultivar maturity using simulation analyses of specific production scenarios at a representative location (Goondiwindi) using long-term daily weather data (1894-1989). The average profit and risk of making a loss were calculated for the possible range of fixed (i.e. the same every year) and tactical (i.e. varying depending on seasonal forecast) strategies. Significant increase in profit (up to 20%) and/or reduction in risk (up to 35%) were associated with tactical adjustment of crop management of N fertiliser or cultivar maturity. The forecasting system giving greatest value was the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) phase system of Stone and Auliciems (1992), which classifies seasons into 5 phases depending on the value and rate of change in the SOI. The significant skill in this system for forecasting both seasonal rainfall and frost timing generated the value found in tactical management of N fertiliser and cultivar maturity. Possible impediments to adoption of tactical management, associated with uncertainties in forecasting individual years, are discussed. The scope for improving forecast quality and the means to achieve it are considered by comparing the value of tactical management based on SO1 phases with the outcome given perfect prior knowledge of the season. While the analyses presented considered only one decision at a time, used specific scenarios, and made a number of simplifying assumptions, they have demonstrated that the current skill in seasonal forecasting is sufficient to justify use in tactical management of crops. More comprehensive studies to examine sensitivities to location, antecedent conditions, and price structure, and to assumptions made in this analysis, are now warranted. We have examined decisions related only to management of wheat. It would be appropriate to pursue similar analyses in relation to management decisions for other crops, cropping sequences, and the whole farm enterprise mix.

scholarly journals Establishing an operational system for assessment and forecasting the impact of extreme weather events on crop production

MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 289-296
Author(s):  
SHIBENDU S. RAY ◽  
SURESH K. SINGH ◽  
NEETU . ◽  
S. MAMATHA
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Production Forecasting ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
The Impact

Crop production forecasting is essential for various economic policy and decision making. There is a very successful operational programme in the country, called FASAL, which uses multiple approaches for pre-harvest production forecasting.  With the increase in the frequency of extreme events and their large-scale impact on agriculture, there is a strong need to use remote sensing technology for assessing the impact.  Various works have been done in this direction. This article provides three such case studies, where remote sensing along with other data have been used for assessment of flood inundation of rice crop post Phailin cyclone, period operational district/sub-district level drought assessment and understanding the impact of recent hailstorm/unseasonal rainfall on wheat crop. The case studies highlight the great scope of remote sensing data for assessment of the impact of extreme weather events on crop production.

scholarly journals Towards a dialogical methodology for single case studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-152
Author(s):  
Flora Cornish
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Methodological Considerations

This special issue has explored a range of means of ‘generalising’ or ‘re-situating knowledge’ through the intensive, dialogical, examination of single cases. The papers elaborate aspects of the methodology of dialogical case studies without asking the traditional question: ‘of what is this a case?’ In this concluding article, we look across the papers to draw out methodological considerations for dialogical single case studies, comparing how the papers deal with four key dialogically informed methodological concerns: the primacy of self-other interdependencies; dynamics; ethics; and modes of writing. We then turn to the question of generalising, or re-situating, knowledge. Across the papers, three different, but overlapping, approaches to re-situating knowledge are taken, implying alternative possible questions: (i) How does the case participate in epistemic or narrative genres? (ii) How does the case contribute to a genealogy? (iii) In what ways is the case generative? We offer these concepts and questions as methodological prompts for case study researchers to conceptualise their knowledge-making as a dialogical endeavour.

Machine Learning in Materials Discovery: Confirmed Predictions and Their Underlying Approaches

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-69
Author(s):  
James E. Saal ◽  
Anton O. Oliynyk ◽  
Bryce Meredig
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Domain Knowledge ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Materials Informatics ◽  
The Core ◽  
Core Components ◽  
Methodological Considerations

The rapidly growing interest in machine learning (ML) for materials discovery has resulted in a large body of published work. However, only a small fraction of these publications includes confirmation of ML predictions, either via experiment or via physics-based simulations. In this review, we first identify the core components common to materials informatics discovery pipelines, such as training data, choice of ML algorithm, and measurement of model performance. Then we discuss some prominent examples of validated ML-driven materials discovery across a wide variety of materials classes, with special attention to methodological considerations and advances. Across these case studies, we identify several common themes, such as the use of domain knowledge to inform ML models.

Methodological Considerations and Explanation of Case Studies

2019 ◽  
pp. 46-58
Keyword(s):  
Social Movement ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Identity Construction ◽  
Historical Institutionalism ◽  
Diaspora Studies ◽  
The Social ◽  
Methodological Considerations ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Over Time

This chapter examines various definitions of diaspora and how the characterization of diaspora has evolved over time and through adoption in fields beyond international relations. The chapter provides an explanation on historical institutionalism, which is adopted by the author to explain the selected case studies as well as provides greater insight into the social movement and symbolic interactionism theories of Herbert Blumer, which are used widely in diaspora studies and sociological theories on identity construction. The chapter provides justification for the author's use of qualitative analysis and methods of researching diaspora.

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