Psychosocial Functioning in Girls with Turner's Syndrome and Short Stature: Social Skills, Behavior Problems, and Self-Concept

Abstract. GH values were determined by a highly sensitive sandwich enzyme immunoassay in the 1st morning and/or 24-h accumulated urine samples in 94 children (short stature 70, including 14 with complete GH deficiency, 9 with partial GH deficiency, and 47 with GH-normal short stature; Turner's syndrome, 10, and simple obesity, 14). GH values were also determined in the 2nd to 4th urine samples taken on the same day together with the 1st morning urine in 5 of them. GH values in the 1st morning urine correlated significantly with those of the 24-h urine and with serum peak and mean GH values during nocturnal sleep as a physiological GH secretion test. The 2nd to 4th urines had lower GH concentrations than the 1st morning urine. The GH value of the 1st morning urine in complete GH deficiency was significantly lower than those in GH-normal short stature, partial GH deficiency and Turner's syndrome. However, no significant difference was detected in urinary GH values between complete GH deficiency and simple obesity. We conclude that 1st morning urinary GH estimation may be useful for differentiation of complete GH deficiency from other causes of short stature, but may be difficult for the distinction between complete GH deficiency and obesity with normal GH secretory ability.

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Turner's Syndrome: Approach to Diagnosis and Treatment

Nepal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology ◽

10.3126/njog.v13i3.23476 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 61-62

Author(s):

Sadhana Sah ◽

Ganesh Dangal ◽

Aruna Karki ◽

Hema Pradhan ◽

Ranjana Shrestha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Short Stature ◽

Estrogen Therapy ◽

Tanner Stage ◽

Breast Development ◽

Primary Amenorrhea ◽

Turner's Syndrome ◽

Turner’S Syndrome ◽

Secondary Sexual Characteristics ◽

Karyotypic Abnormality ◽

Sexual Characteristics

Turner's syndrome is the most common karyotypic abnormality causing gonadal failure and primary amenorrhea. It is characterized by short stature and absence of secondary sexual characteristics. It is diagnosed by increased plasma FSH and LH level with low level of estrogen i.e. hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism. Ultrasound abdomen reveals streak ovaries and atrophic uterus. Karyotype confirms the diagnosis of Turner's syndrome (45XO). We present here a 15 years girl who presented with primary amenorrhea with short stature with breast development corresponds to Tanner stage I. Her FSH was raised. Ultrasound abdomen showed uterine agenesis and streak ovaries. Karyotype showed 45XO which confirmed the diagnosis of Turner's syndrome. She is now on estrogen therapy and her height has increased and breast development corresponds to Tanner stage II. Keywords: hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism, primary amenorrhea, Turner's syndrome

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Serum Levels of 20-Kilodalton Human Growth Hormone (GH) Are Parallel Those of 22-Kilodalton Human GH in Normal and Short Children

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jcem.84.1.5402 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 84 (1) ◽

pp. 98-104 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Mayumi Ishikawa ◽

Susumu Yokoya ◽

Katsuhiko Tachibana ◽

Yukihiro Hasegawa ◽

Toshiaki Yasuda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Short Stature ◽

Physiological Role ◽

Growth Disorders ◽

Turner's Syndrome ◽

Turner’S Syndrome ◽

Nocturnal Sleep ◽

Normal Children ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean

Twenty-kilodalton human GH (20K), which is one of the human GH (hGH) variants, is thought to be produced by alternative premessenger ribonucleic acid splicing. However, its physiological role is still unclear due to the lack of a specific assay. We have measured serum 20K and 22-kDa hGH (22K) by specific ELISAs to investigate the physiological role of 20K in children. The subjects were 162 normal children, aged 1 month to 20 yr; 12 patients with GH deficiency (GHD), aged 11 months to 13 yr; 57 children with non-GHD short stature, aged 2–17 yr; and 13 girls with Turner’s syndrome, aged 5 months to 15 yr. Samples were collected at random from normal children and were collected after hGH provocative tests and 3-h nocturnal sleep from GHD, non-GHD short stature, and Turner’s syndrome children. The mean basal serum concentrations of 22K and 20K were 2.4 ± 2.8 ng/mL and 152.3 ± 184.0 pg/mL in normal boys and 2.5 ± 3.1 ng/mL and 130.6 ± 171.5 pg/mL in normal girls, respectively. The percentages of 20K (%20K) were 5.8 ± 2.1% and 6.0 ± 3.2% in 83 normal boys and 79 normal girls, respectively. There was no significant difference in %20K either among ages or between the prepubertal stage and the pubertal stage in normal boys and girls. The mean %20K values in basal samples of provocative tests in 12 patients with GHD, non-GHD short stature, and Turner’s syndrome were 6.5 ± 2.4%, 6.5 ± 3.8%, and 5.9 ± 3.2%, respectively. There was no significant difference in %20K among normal children and these growth disorders, and there was no significant difference in %20K throughout the hGH provocative tests and 3-h nocturnal sleep in these growth disorders. There was also no significant correlation between the percentage of 20K and the height sd score or body mass index in either normal children or subjects with these growth disorders. In conclusion, the %20K is constant, regardless of age, sex, puberty, height sd score, body mass index, and GH secretion status. The regulation of serum 20K levels remains to be established.

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Age-Related Perception of Stature, Acceptance of Therapy, and Psychosocial Functioning in Human Growth Hormone-Treated Girls with Turner’s Syndrome1

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jcem.83.5.4807 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 83 (5) ◽

pp. 1494-1501 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Katrien Lagrou ◽

Danielle Xhrouet-Heinrichs ◽

Claudine Heinrichs ◽

Margarita Craen ◽

Jean-Pierre Chanoine ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Psychosocial Functioning ◽

Growth Response ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Attention Problems ◽

Self Report ◽

Turner's Syndrome ◽

Turner’S Syndrome ◽

Gh Therapy ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

This study evaluated the perception of stature, acceptance of therapy, and psychosocial functioning in relation to age at onset and time on treatment during 2 yr of GH therapy in 31 girls with Turner’s syndrome grouped by age (group A: 3.7–5.8 yr, n = 9; group B: 7.2–11.8 yr, n = 13; group C: 12.5–16.4 yr, n = 9). The growth response after 2 yr was significant in the 3 groups when calculated in terms of growth norms for untreated Turner girls (mean increase in height sd score: +1.2, +1.5, and +1.1, respectively). The effect was less marked in terms of growth norms for normal girls, particularly in group B (+0.5 sd score). Height was perceived as a problem by most patients, except in the youngest girls at the start of treatment (group A) and in the majority of the adolescents after 2 yr of GH therapy (group C), without evidence of relation to growth response during therapy. The GH injections were fairly well accepted by all patients, except those younger than 6 yr. In all patients, expected adult height was unrealistic and became more realistic with age, whereas no consistent changes were observed in relation to growth response to GH therapy. The Child Behavior Checklist revealed elevated mean scores at the behavioral subscales of attention problems (group A and B), social problems, withdrawal, and anxiety-depression (most obviously in group B). No significant changes were seen during GH therapy. In group C, an elevated mean social problem score at the Youth Self Report and a low mean social self-esteem score at the Self-Esteem Inventory were observed before therapy and showed a significant improvement during 2 yr of GH treatment. These results, however, might be biased due to an increase in social desirability during therapy. We conclude that the perception of height, acceptance of GH therapy, and psychosocial functioning in girls with Turner’s syndrome show important differences between age groups, with only slight changes observed during GH therapy.

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Jury still out on growth hormone for normal short stature and Turner's syndrome

The Lancet ◽

10.1016/s0140-6736(05)64348-6 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 348 (9019) ◽

pp. 3-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

MDC Donaldson

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Short Stature ◽

Turner's Syndrome ◽

Turner’S Syndrome

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TURNER-SYNDROM MIT VOLL AUSGEBILDETEN SEKUNDÄREN GESCHLECHTSMERKMALEN UND FERTILITÄT

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.xxxv0397 ◽

1960 ◽

Vol XXXV (III) ◽

pp. 397-404 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

F. Bahner ◽

G. Schwarz ◽

H. A. Hienz ◽

K. Walter

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Short Stature ◽

Skin Fibroblasts ◽

Chromosomal Anomaly ◽

Sex Characteristics ◽

Turner's Syndrome ◽

Turner’S Syndrome ◽

Menstrual Cycles ◽

Secondary Sex Characteristics

ABSTRACT Two women with normally developed secondary sex characteristics are reported. Both had spontaneous menstrual cycles, the first one during a period of 4 years, the second one started menstrual bleedings at the age of 17 and had menstrual cycles of regular intervals up to the present age of 39. She had given birth to a healthy boy at the age of 31. Both patients are chromatinnegative, of short stature and one has a unilateral webbed neck. Therefore they had to be classified as cases of Turner's syndrome. In cultures of bone marrow and skin fibroblasts the patient who has born a child was shown to have 45 chromosomes (2n + OX). The findings presented are in contrast to latest hypothesis of chromatinnegative Turner's syndrome according to which sex chromosomal anomaly XO leads to development of rudimentary ovaries.

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