Primary contamination of barley and wheat grain storage fungi

This article presents an analysis of the results of the study of flour obtained from batches of wheat grain at the stages of storage. It is shown that during the observed period of grain storage, the quality of the obtained wheat flour was stable and corresponded to the highest grade in terms of physicochemical parameters. Wheat of the 3rd class after 6 years of storage can be used for milling purposes for the production of bakery flour.

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Specificity characteristics of monoclonal antibodies to wheat grain storage proteins

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Protein Structure and Molecular Enzymology ◽

10.1016/0167-4838(86)90023-3 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 874 (3) ◽

pp. 245-254 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

John H. Skerritt ◽

P.Anne Underwood

Keyword(s):

Monoclonal Antibodies ◽

Storage Proteins ◽

Grain Storage ◽

Wheat Grain

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Grain storage: the management of ecological change – abstract

Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh Section B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0269727000007247 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 94 ◽

pp. 155-157 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. Lacey

Keyword(s):

Simple Structure ◽

High Growth ◽

Grain Storage ◽

Ecological Change ◽

Diurnal Changes ◽

Stored Grain ◽

Ecological Requirements ◽

Storage Fungi ◽

Reproductive Rates ◽

Tropical Climates

Grain stored in bulk forms a man-made ecosystem with a limited, non-regenerating energy supply. However, frequent interference results in an immature, unstable ecosystem with a relatively simple structure and composed of species with limited specialisation, and high growth and reproductive rates. Microbial colonisation commences soon after ear emergence, by what have been termed “field” fungi. These usually have a minimum water potential for germination of −22.4 MPa (> 0.85 aw), have to contend with large diurnal changes in environmental conditions and seldom develop further in store. Sometimes, especially in humid tropical climates, species more typical of stored grain (“storage fungi”) also develop before harvest, and even produce mycotoxins. This differentiation between fungi characteristic of field or store is historical and their classification on ecological requirements would be preferable.

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Effects of field-applied fungicides, grain moisture, and time on deoxynivalenol during postharvest storage of winter wheat grain

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.1139/cjps-2019-0075 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 100 (3) ◽

pp. 304-313 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Carlos Bolanos-Carriel ◽

Stephen N. Wegulo ◽

Heather Hallen-Adams ◽

P. Stephen Baenziger ◽

Kent M. Eskridge ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Grain Storage ◽

Wheat Grain ◽

Head Blight ◽

Safe Level ◽

Grain Moisture ◽

Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽

Strobilurin Fungicide ◽

Moderately Resistant

Fusarium head blight, caused mainly by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe, results in major losses in wheat. In two separate field experiments, spikes of winter wheat cultivars ‘Overland’ (moderately resistant) and ‘Overley’ (susceptible) were sprayed at anthesis with the triazole fungicide Prosaro (prothioconazole + tebuconazole) or the strobilurin fungicide Headline (pyraclostrobin) or not sprayed. Following harvest, deoxynivalenol (DON) concentrations were monitored during 120 d of grain storage at 10 °C, 40% relative humidity, and 10%, 16%, or 20% grain moisture. In ‘Overland’, DON decreased significantly at P = 0.05 from an average of 3.6 to 3.0 μg g−1 in the check and decreased from 2.7 to 2.2 μg g−1 in the Prosaro treatment. DON did not significantly decrease (4.4–4.1 μg g−1) in the Headline treatment. DON concentrations did not differ between 16% (3.1 μg g−1) and 20% (3.0 μg g−1) grain moisture. In ‘Overley’, DON increased significantly from 3.1 to 3.6 μg g−1 in the check and from 2.9 to 3.5 μg g−1 in the Headline treatment, but remained the same at 2.2 μg g−1 in the Prosaro treatment. DON concentrations were not different between 16% (3.2 μg g−1) and 20% (3.1 μg g−1) grain moisture but were significantly lower (2.7 μg g−1) at 10% grain moisture. These results indicate that the effects of fungicides applied at anthesis in the field can impact DON concentrations through grain storage. Triazoles are recommended over strobilurins to achieve this extended postharvest protection from DON, and grain moisture during storage should be below the maximum safe level of 13.5% at 10 °C.

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Grain Storage Fungi Associated with Mites1

Journal of Economic Entomology ◽

10.1093/jee/52.3.514 ◽

1959 ◽

Vol 52 (3) ◽

pp. 514-518 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

D. A. Griffiths ◽

A. C. Hodson ◽

C. M. Christensen

Keyword(s):

Grain Storage ◽

Storage Fungi

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PLASMA-CHEMICAL METHOD OF GRAIN FUNGAL CONTAMINATION CONTROL

10.46813/2020-130-127 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 127-130

Author(s):

G.V. Taran ◽

S.G. Pugach ◽

A.A. Zamuriev ◽

P.O. Opalev ◽

M.O. Yaroshenko

Keyword(s):

Aspergillus Flavus ◽

Large Scale ◽

Grain Storage ◽

Wheat Grain ◽

Fungal Contamination ◽

Penicillium Verrucosum ◽

Storage Unit ◽

Contamination Control ◽

Penicillium Nordicum ◽

Maize Grain

The experimental results on the effect of grain treatment with ozone-air mixture on the level of artificial grain contamination with micromycetes are presented. The contamination dynamics for 1000 kg of wheat grain contaminated with Penicillium nordicum and Aspergillus flavus and stored in the prototype grain storage unit in ozone environment for 6 months is shown. The study on the effect of ozone on the growth inhibition of Aspergillus flavus for maize grain and Penicillium verrucosum for wheat grain in a 100 dm3 silo is presented. The effect of ozone on the content of aflatoxins in maize grain additionally contaminated with Aspergillus flavus is studied. The efficiency of ozone technologies for large-scale grain storage, as well as for reducing fungal contamination and controlling mycotoxin content in food grains, is shown.

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Associated-food-hazards: storage fungi and mites in poppy, mustard, lettuce and wheat

Plant Protection Science ◽

10.17221/10588-pps ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (SI 2 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002) ◽

pp. 673-680

Author(s):

V. Stejskal ◽

J. Hubert ◽

A. Kubátová

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Policy ◽

Agricultural Product ◽

Tyrophagus Putrescentiae ◽

Wheat Grain ◽

Food Ingredients ◽

Acarus Siro ◽

Storage Fungi ◽

Key Species ◽

Herbivorous Species ◽

Vector Capacity

Storage fungi and mites frequently cause injury of crops and contamination of crop agro-products (= “sensitive food ingredients”) by allergens and toxins. This may have serious practical consequences since currently the food safety is one of the most important priorities of EU-agricultural policy. However, the risk of occurrence of biotic-hazard in various agricultural product and food ingredients is not equal since they differ in their sensitivity to infestation/contamination by various fungi- and mite-hazards. Therefore, the goal of our study was to identify and review the fungi-hazards connected with occurrence of 5 key-species of mite-hazards, in 4 kinds of “sensitive food ingredients” that include poppy, mustards, lettuce and wheat grain. Different numbers of fungal-hazards (wheat: 44, poppy: 37, mustard: 13, lettuce: 31) were isolated from the tested 4 kinds of crop agro-product. This indicates that their sensitivity to mite-associated fungal infestation/contamination increases in the following order: mustard, lettuce, poppy, and wheat. Mite-hazards differ in their vector-capacity of various fungi-hazards. Generally, predatory mites (i.e. Cheyletus spp.) represent lower risk than fungivorous and herbivorous species of mites (i.e. Acarus siro, Tyrophagus putrescentiae, Lepidoglyphus destructor, Caloglyphus rhizoglyphoides) in terms of vectoring fungi hazards. Many of the mites and fungi hazards rarely occurred independently. We therefore propose that (i) such pest-hazard-systems (i.e. fungi-mite-hazard-systems) should be called “associated-hazards” (ii) the new and specific approaches to risk assessment of “associated hazards” should be developed and implemented into practice.

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