Properties, some criteria of classification and genesis of upland forest Podzols in Rwanda

Geoderma ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 76 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 263-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Van Ranst ◽  
G. Stoops ◽  
A. Gallez ◽  
R.E. Vandenberghe
Keyword(s):  
Upland Forest ◽  
Forest Podzols

Decrease in soil microbial activity and biomasses owing to nitrogen amendments

1983 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 1500-1506 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Söderström ◽  
E. Bååth ◽  
B. Lundgren
Keyword(s):  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Soil Microbial Activity ◽  
Urea Treatment ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Nitrate Addition ◽  
Transitory Effect ◽  
Forest Podzols

Microbial biomass and soil respiration rate decreased after application of 150 kg NH4NO3–N∙ha−1 to different coniferous forest podzols. The decrease was already found 3 months after fertilization and was still evident after 3–5 years. Changes in pH, organic matter, or water content in the soils could not explain the decreases. In laboratory experiments, several unfertilized forest soils were treated with 2 mg of NH4NO3–N or of urea–nitrogen∙g wet soil−1. The ammonium nitrate addition resulted in severe depressions of the respiration rates during and up to 175 days of incubation and the decrease was evident after about 1 week. The urea treatment initially increased the respiration rate of the soils, but this appeared to be a transitory effect.

An Upland Forest Continuum in the Prairie-Forest Border Region of Wisconsin

Ecology ◽  
1951 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 476-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. Curtis ◽  
R. P. McIntosh
Keyword(s):  
Border Region ◽  
Upland Forest

Australian endemic Drosophila I. Tasmania and Victoria, including descriptions of two new species

1977 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 249 ◽  
Author(s):  
PA Parsons ◽  
IR Bock
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
Intraspecific Variability ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Progressive Reduction ◽  
Upland Forest ◽  
Interspecific Variability ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Forest Regions ◽  
Southern Species ◽  
Marginal Habitats

The endemic Drosophila fauna of southern Australia consists principally of species of the typically Australian subgenus Scaptodrosophila. In Tasmania and Victoria (but less so further north), the inornata group of species within the subgenus predominates. With one exception, none of the southern species is found further north than the upland forest regions of the Queensland-New South Wales border, this being the most northern extension of floral elements of the temperate rain forests of the south. Species diversities increase with decreasing latitude, presumably because of the dependence of Drosophila species on the flora which itself becomes more diverse with decreasing latitude. Evidence is presented for a progressive reduction of niches available or exploited with increasing latitude. In very marginal habitats interspecific variability is low, paralleling low genetic intraspecific variability often found in such habitats. Species distributions are probably highly dependent upon density-independent factors of the climate, so that past climatic shifts would have been important in leading to distribution patterns found today of Drosophila populations in 'insular islands of vegetation' surrounded by unsuitable habitats.

scholarly journals DINÂMICA DE SERAPILHEIRA EM UMA ÁREA DE FLORESTA DE TERRA FIRME, AMAZÔNIA OCIDENTAL

Nativa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-328
Author(s):  
Gabriel Araújo Paes Freire ◽  
Dione Judite Ventura ◽  
Igor Georgios Fotopoulos ◽  
Diogo Martins Rosa ◽  
Renata Gonçalves Aguiar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Nutrition ◽  
Forest Ecology ◽  
Permanent Plot ◽  
Litter Production ◽  
Terra Firme ◽  
Upland Forest ◽  
Nylon Mesh ◽  
Reproductive Material ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Biological Reserve

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a produção e decomposição de serapilheira em uma área de floresta primária de terra firme na Reserva Biológica do Jaru. Para tanto, foi implantada uma parcela permanente de 1 hectare, onde foram demarcadas 25 subparcelas com 20 x 20 m cada. Para a coleta de serapilheira, instalou-se 25 coletores de PVC (1 em cada centro da subparcela), medindo 0,25 m², a 1 metro do solo, com malha de nylon de 1 mm. Para estimar o estoque de serapilheira, utilizou-se 25 coletores de madeira, medindo 0,25 m², com malha de nylon de 1 mm, dispostos no solo de cada subparcela. As coletas da pesquisa foram realizadas quinzenalmente, entre os meses de outubro de 2016 a setembro de 2017, e a serapilheira triada nas frações: folha, galho, material reprodutivo e miscelânea. No laboratório, os materiais amostrados foram secos em estufa à 80 ºC e pesados em balança de precisão centesimal, sendo que a decomposição de serapilheira foi estimada através da relação entre produção e estoque. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, a produção de serapilheira total foi de 14,13 Mg ha-1 e as frações seguiram o padrão: folhamiscelâneagalhomaterial reprodutivo. As maiores produções aconteceram na estação seca e a taxa de decomposição foi 1,37, indicando que a atividade microbiana na área de estudo é acelerada.Palavras-chave: dinâmica sazonal; nutrição de plantas; ecologia florestal; decomposição. LITTER DYNAMICS IN A FOREST AREA OF GROUND FIRM, WESTERN AMAZON ABSTRACT:The objective of this study was to evaluate the litter production and decomposition in an area of primary upland forest in the Jaru Biological Reserve. For that, a permanent plot of 1 hectare was implanted, where 25 subplots with 20 x 20 m each were demarcated. For the collection of litter, 25 PVC collectors were installed (1 in each center of the subplot), measuring 0.25 m², 1 meter from the ground, with 1 mm nylon mesh. To estimate the litter stock, 25 wood collectors, measuring 0.25 m², with 1 mm nylon mesh, were used, arranged in the soil of each subplot. The collections of the research were carried out fortnightly, between the months of October 2016 and September 2017, and the litter is sorted in the fractions: leaf, branch, reproductive material and miscellaneous. In the laboratory, the sampled materials were dried in an oven at 80 ºC and weighed on a centesimal precision scale, and the litter decomposition was estimated through the relationship between production and stock. According to the results obtained, the total litter production was 14.13 Mg ha-1 and the fractions followed the pattern: leafmiscellaneousbranchreproductive material. The highest yields occurred in the dry season and the decomposition rate was 1.37, indicating that the microbial activity in the study area is accelerated.Keyword: seasonal dynamics; plant nutrition; forest ecology; decomposition.

scholarly journals New record of Allamanda blanchetti Kunth (Apocynaceae) for the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Diego Santos ◽  
Swami Leitão Costa ◽  
Francisco Carlos Pinheiro Costa
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
New Record ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
First Record ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
Information Distribution ◽  
Upland Forest ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
New Information ◽  
Status Assessment

This study report the first record of Allamanda blanchetii Kunth in the Atlantic Forest, Brazil. This species was collected from an upland forest in Semi-deciduous Seasonal Forest. This occurrence adds new information about the distribution of this species and expands its range to Brazil, which is important for its conservation. We provide taxonomic information, distribution maps, conservation status assessment, photograps, and an identification key for the Allamanda L. species in the Atlantic Forest.

ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ СОСТОЯНИЯ ЛЕСНЫХ ЭКОСИСТЕМ ЛЕСОСТЕПИ ПРИВОЛЖСКОЙ ВОЗВЫШЕННОСТИ

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksey Kudryavtsev ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Upland Forest ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Volga Upland

Forest ecosystems transformation reflected to the reduction of the forest areas, fragmentation forests massifs, composition and structure alteration. Complex criteria to estimate of the forest ecosystems condition Volga Upland forest-steppe elaborated.

What Wetlands Do, and How They Do It

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
William M. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Army Corps ◽  
Upland Forest ◽  
Practical Matter ◽  
Environmental Loss ◽  
Wetland Regulation ◽  
Small Wetland ◽  
Wetland Conversion

Those who question the wisdom of wetland regulations sometimes tell a story about a landowner who proposes to build a fine home on a tract of land that is largely wetland. This landowner lives in a region where wetlands are abundant but is denied permission to build on grounds that construction would involve filling a wetland. Because he owns considerable property, the owner moves to higher ground, clears five acres of mature upland timber, and builds his home quite legally in this way. The irony is that the mature upland timber is much scarcer locally than wetland, and the stupidity of the regulation is to have forced someone to destroy the scarcer of two resources. The names, places, and other particulars of this story vary with the teller, but there is little doubt that wetland regulation has sometimes caused an environmental loss greater than the value of the wetland that is preserved. Perhaps the landowner in the story could have been given an exemption had he only been allowed to argue the great value of mature upland forest in his particular region. As a practical matter, however, special pleading can defeat the intent of almost any regulation. Thus, the rigidity in the regulation may be justified by its need to be faithful to the general intent of the underlying law and not by a need to be rational in every case. At any rate, the story may be specious as a generalization in that the Army Corps in most cases would have granted a permit to an individual for a small wetland conversion, or the conversion would have been covered under a general permit for small conversions (chapter 1). Those who question the wisdom of wetland regulations sometimes tell a story about a landowner who proposes to build a fine home on a tract of land that is largely wetland. This landowner lives in a region where wetlands are abundant but is denied permission to build on grounds that construction would involve filling a wetland. Because he owns considerable property, the owner moves to higher ground, clears five acres of mature upland timber, and builds his home quite legally in this way.

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