Observations on the self-cure reaction and other forms of immunological responsiveness against Haemonchus contortus in sheep

1983 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 571-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.B. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
The Self ◽  
Cure Reaction

Serological studies of the self-cure reaction in sheep infected with Haemonchus contortus

1960 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 595 ◽  
Author(s):  
EJL Soulsby ◽  
DF Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Complement Fixation Test ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
The Self ◽  
Antigenic Stimulation ◽  
Cure Reaction ◽  
Haemagglutination Test ◽  
The Third ◽  
Agar Diffusion ◽  
Serological Studies

The serological reactions which take place during self-cure of sheep infected with Haemonchus contortus were investigated by complement fixation, haemagglutination, and the Ouchterlony agar diffusion precipitin techniques. In addition, a test to detect incomplete antibodies was applied to certain sera. Absorption tests demonstrated that the antibodies detected by the complement fixation test and the haemagglutination test could be differentiated. Evidence is presented to show that the main antigenic stimulation at self-cure is derived from substances released by larvae during the third ecdysis.

Studies on resistance of sheep to infestation with Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus spp., and on the immunological reactions of sheep exposed to infestation. V. The nature of the 'self-cure' phenomenon.

1953 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 100 ◽  
Author(s):  
DF Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Local Reaction ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
The Self ◽  
Cure Reaction ◽  
Antihistamine Drug ◽  
Blood Histamine ◽  
Immunological Reactions ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Subsequent Rise

An experimental investigation of the nature and the mechanism of the "self-cure" phenomenon in helminthiasis of sheep has been carried out. As a result of the "self-cure" reaction there was no release of heterologous antibodies into the blood stream of the animal. The administration of an antihistamine drug usually prevented the fall in egg count which is characteristic of the "self-cure" reaction, but did not interfere with the subsequent rise in titre of the specific or homologous antibody in the serum. On 7 of 13 occasions when sheep showed the "self-cure" reaction, the blood histamine level rose to about 0.05 µg per ml. during a period of about 24 hours between the second and fourth day after the administration of larvae. On none of 13 occasions when sheep failed to manifest "self-cure" was there any rise in blood histamine. The difference in behaviour of the two groups was significant statistically. The rise in blood histamine was demonstrated when sheep infested with either H. contortus or Trichostrongylus spp. were given H. contortus larvae and manifested the "self-cure" reaction. It was shown to occur also when "self-cure" occurred in sheep infested with Trichostrongylus spp. following the administration of Trichostrongylus spp. larvae. Increase in blood histamine was not demonstrated when Trichostrongylus spp. larvae were given to seven sheen infested with H. contortus and when "self-cure" did not take place. The increase in blood histamine as not associated with any consistent alteration in the concentration of eosinophils. There was no evidence that the increase in blood histamine was the direct cause of "self-cure". Sheep which manifested "self-cure" showed a strong local reaction to the intradermal inoculation of H. contortus antigen. Continued infestation with mature H. contortus or with mature Trichostrongylus spp. did not sensitize the sheep and sheep which failed to manifest "self-cure" did not exhibit an intradermal reaction. An oedematous change was evident in the mucous membrane of the Abomasum or small intestine, depending upon the site of attachment of the adults, on the day on which a rise in blood histamine occurred after the administration of larvae. The intake of H. contortus larvae produced this change only in the abomasum of a sheep which had been infested with H. contortus and only in the small intestine of a sheep which had been infested with Trichostrongylus spp.

Problem behavior in autism spectrum disorders: A paradigmatic self-organized perspective of network structures

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucio Tonello ◽  
Luca Giacobbi ◽  
Alberto Pettenon ◽  
Alessandro Scuotto ◽  
Massimo Cocchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Problem Behaviors ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
The Self ◽  
Network Structures ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Critical Equilibrium ◽  
Self Organized Criticality ◽  
Acute Agitation ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) subjects can present temporary behaviors of acute agitation and aggressiveness, named problem behaviors. They have been shown to be consistent with the self-organized criticality (SOC), a model wherein occasionally occurring “catastrophic events” are necessary in order to maintain a self-organized “critical equilibrium.” The SOC can represent the psychopathology network structures and additionally suggests that they can be considered as self-organized systems.

The Nature of Rapidly Extracted Phycocyanin from the Blue-Green Alga Plectonema Boryanum

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 366-367
Author(s):  
M. Kessel ◽  
R. MacColl
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Analytical Ultracentrifugation ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
The Self ◽  
Major Protein ◽  
Subunit Structure ◽  
Blue Green Alga ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Blue Green Algae ◽  
Cacodylate Buffer

The major protein of the blue-green algae is the biliprotein, C-phycocyanin (Amax = 620 nm), which is presumed to exist in the cell in the form of distinct aggregates called phycobilisomes. The self-assembly of C-phycocyanin from monomer to hexamer has been extensively studied, but the proposed next step in the assembly of a phycobilisome, the formation of 19s subunits, is completely unknown. We have used electron microscopy and analytical ultracentrifugation in combination with a method for rapid and gentle extraction of phycocyanin to study its subunit structure and assembly.To establish the existence of phycobilisomes, cells of P. boryanum in the log phase of growth, growing at a light intensity of 200 foot candles, were fixed in 2% glutaraldehyde in 0.1M cacodylate buffer, pH 7.0, for 3 hours at 4°C. The cells were post-fixed in 1% OsO4 in the same buffer overnight. Material was stained for 1 hour in uranyl acetate (1%), dehydrated and embedded in araldite and examined in thin sections.

Interrelationship of the cellular distribution and secretion of regular structure (RS) protein in Bacillus licheniformis nm 105

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 712-713
Author(s):  
Xiaorong Zhu ◽  
Richard McVeigh ◽  
Bijan K. Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Bacillus Licheniformis ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Culture Supernatant ◽  
Regular Structure ◽  
The Self ◽  
Cellular Distribution ◽  
Structural Protein ◽  
Laboratory Cultures

A mutant of Bacillus licheniformis 749/C, NM 105 exhibits some notable properties, e.g., arrest of alkaline phosphatase secretion and overexpression and hypersecretion of RS protein. Although RS is known to be widely distributed in many microbes, it is rarely found, with a few exceptions, in laboratory cultures of microorganisms. RS protein is a structural protein and has the unusual properties to form aggregate. This characteristic may have been responsible for the self assembly of RS into regular tetragonal structures. Another uncommon characteristic of RS is that enhanced synthesis and secretion which occurs when the cells cease to grow. Assembled RS protein with a tetragonal structure is not seen inside cells at any stage of cell growth including cells in the stationary phase of growth. Gel electrophoresis of the culture supernatant shows a very large amount of RS protein in the stationary culture of the B. licheniformis. It seems, Therefore, that the RS protein is cotranslationally secreted and self assembled on the envelope surface.

Self-Compassion and Quality of Life in Adults Who Stutter

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 2097-2108
Author(s):  
Robyn L. Croft ◽  
Courtney T. Byrd
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
The Self ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Adults Who Stutter ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this study was to identify levels of self-compassion in adults who do and do not stutter and to determine whether self-compassion predicts the impact of stuttering on quality of life in adults who stutter. Method Participants included 140 adults who do and do not stutter matched for age and gender. All participants completed the Self-Compassion Scale. Adults who stutter also completed the Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience of Stuttering. Data were analyzed for self-compassion differences between and within adults who do and do not stutter and to predict self-compassion on quality of life in adults who stutter. Results Adults who do and do not stutter exhibited no significant differences in total self-compassion, regardless of participant gender. A simple linear regression of the total self-compassion score and total Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience of Stuttering score showed a significant, negative linear relationship of self-compassion predicting the impact of stuttering on quality of life. Conclusions Data suggest that higher levels of self-kindness, mindfulness, and social connectedness (i.e., self-compassion) are related to reduced negative reactions to stuttering, an increased participation in daily communication situations, and an improved overall quality of life. Future research should replicate current findings and identify moderators of the self-compassion–quality of life relationship.

AAC Collaboration Using the Self-Anchored Rating Scales (SARS): An Aphasia Case Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 136-143
Author(s):  
Lynn E. Fox
Keyword(s):  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Therapeutic Process ◽  
Family Counseling ◽  
The Self ◽  
Alternative Communication ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Solution Focused

Abstract The self-anchored rating scale (SARS) is a technique that augments collaboration between Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) interventionists, their clients, and their clients' support networks. SARS is a technique used in Solution-Focused Brief Therapy, a branch of systemic family counseling. It has been applied to treating speech and language disorders across the life span, and recent case studies show it has promise for promoting adoption and long-term use of high and low tech AAC. I will describe 2 key principles of solution-focused therapy and present 7 steps in the SARS process that illustrate how clinicians can use the SARS to involve a person with aphasia and his or her family in all aspects of the therapeutic process. I will use a case study to illustrate the SARS process and present outcomes for one individual living with aphasia.

Practioner Reflection That Enhances Interprofessional Collaborative Practices for Serving Children Who Are Deaf/Hard-of-Hearing

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (9) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina M. Blaiser ◽  
Mary Ellen Nevins
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Hard Of Hearing ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Interprofessional Collaboration ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Collaborative Practices ◽  
Interprofessional Teams ◽  
Client Care

Interprofessional collaboration is essential to maximize outcomes of young children who are Deaf or Hard-of-Hearing (DHH). Speech-language pathologists, audiologists, educators, developmental therapists, and parents need to work together to ensure the child's hearing technology is fit appropriately to maximize performance in the various communication settings the child encounters. However, although interprofessional collaboration is a key concept in communication sciences and disorders, there is often a disconnect between what is regarded as best professional practice and the self-work needed to put true collaboration into practice. This paper offers practical tools, processes, and suggestions for service providers related to the self-awareness that is often required (yet seldom acknowledged) to create interprofessional teams with the dispositions and behaviors that enhance patient/client care.

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