On the relationship between the golgi apparatus and annulate lamellae

1970 ◽  
Vol 30 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 368-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerd G. Maul
Keyword(s):  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Annulate Lamellae ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Golgi apparatus, GERL, and secretory granule formation within neurons of the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system of control and hyperosmotically stressed mice.

1981 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 474-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
R D Broadwell ◽  
C Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Secretory Granule ◽  
Supraoptic Nucleus ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Hyperosmotic Stress ◽  
Granule Formation ◽  
Smooth Membrane ◽  
Secondary Lysosomes ◽  
The Relationship

The vasopressin-producing neurons of the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system are a particularly good model with which to consider the relationship between the Golgi apparatus nd GERL and their roles in secretory granule production because these neurons increase their synthesis and secretion of vasopressin in response to hyperosmotic stress. Enzyme cytochemical techniques for acid phosphatase (AcPase) and thiamine pyrophosphatase (TPPase) activities were used to distinguish GERL from the Golgi apparatus in cell bodies of the supraoptic nucleus from normal mice, mice hyperosmotically stressed by drinking 2% salt water, and mice allowed to recover for 5-10 d from hyperosmotic stress. In nonincubated preparations of control supraoptic perikarya, immature secretory granules at the trans face of the Golgi apparatus were frequently attached to a narrow, smooth membrane cisterna identified as GERL. Secretory granules were occasionally seen attached to Golgi saccules. TPPase activity was present in one or two of the trans Golgi saccules; AcPase activity appeared in GERL and attached immature secretory granules, rarely in the trans Golgi saccules, and in secondary lysosomes. As a result of hyperosmotic stress, the Golgi apparatus hypertrophied, and secretory granules formed from all Golgi saccules and GERL. Little or no AcPase activity could be demonstrated in GERL, whereas all Golgi saccules and GERL-like cisternae were TPPase positive. During recovery, AcPase activity in GERL returned to normal; however, the elevated TPPase activity and secretory granule formation seen in GERL-like cisternae and all Golgi saccules during hyperosmotic stress persisted. These results suggest that under normal conditions GERL is the predominant site for the secretory granule formation, but during hyperosmotic stress, the Golgi saccules assume increased importance in this function. The observed cytochemical modulations in Golgi saccules and GERL suggest that GERL is structurally and functionally related to the Golgi saccules.

scholarly journals SPERMIOGENESIS IN THE CRAYFISH (PROCAMBARUS CLARKII)

1961 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Montrose J. Moses
Keyword(s):  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Procambarus Clarkii ◽  
Mature Sperm ◽  
Annulate Lamellae ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Points Of Interest ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Degree Of Order

The sperm of the crayfish, Procambarus clarkii, is relatively simple among decapod sperm and was described in the first paper of this series (28). The present paper details the development of this sperm as followed with the light and electron microscopes. The process is divided into six stages for purposes of description. The main points of interest discussed are the absence of mitochondria or mitochondrial derivatives in the mature sperm, the development of a complex acrosome in the absence of highly organized characteristic Golgi apparatus but in the presence of small stacks of annulate lamellae, and the changes in the nucleus. Of the latter, the elaborate convoluted sheets of membrane that are extensions of the nuclear envelope are unique. The nucleus undergoes unusual changes in size and shape that are accompanied by several phases of organization of the chromatin. In the mature sperm the nucleus is empty-appearing and notably lacking in any apparent high degree of order. The entire development of the sperm is consonant with the idea that the fate of the mitochondria and centrioles, structures that figure prominently in the elaborate architecture of flagellate sperm, is associated with the lack of a flagellum.

scholarly journals Studies in the secretion of the pancreas and salivary glands

1933 ◽  
Vol 114 (786) ◽  
pp. 20-47 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Morphological Study ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Neutral Red ◽  
Gland Cells ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship

In recent years considerable attention has been paid by various workers to the cytological constituents of various gland cells. In invertebrates lolloping the lead of Parat and Painlevé (1924), the so-called salivary glands of chironomous have been the favourite objects of study (Beams and Goldschmidt, 1930 ; Gatenby, 1932), while in vertebrates the pancreas has been more usually chosen (Parat, 1928 ; Covell, 1928 ; Ludford, 1930 ; Beams, 1930 ; Gatenby, 1931). The chief object of these researches has been to discover what relationship, if any, exists between the Golgi apparatus and the cell bodies revealed by intravitam staining with neutral red (so-called vacuome of Parat), but the conclusions reached have been in every case conflicting. In consideration of the great diversity of opinion existing between these workers it was hoped in the present instance that a reinvestigation of the cytology of the pancreas together with the salivary glands might throw light on the subject, since the problem in each must be fundamentally the same. The objects of the present work were then:— (a) complete morphological study of the Golgi apparatus in the cells of these glands. (b) A study of the structures revealed intra-vitam by neutral red. (C) A determination of the relationship between these structures and the known cell constituents. (d) A study of the various secretory stages in the cell activity.

Some Cytological Features of Epididymal Cells in the Rat

1958 ◽  
Vol s3-99 (47) ◽  
pp. 295-314
Author(s):  
B. L. REID
Keyword(s):  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Living Cell ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Fixed Material ◽  
Close Study ◽  
Cytological Features ◽  
Living Material ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Living material was photographed by phase-contrast miocroscopy. Fixed material was stained for mitochondria or post-osmicated. The findings show a close conformity between the pictures in living and fixed cells, except that the so-called Golgi apparatus, whilst very apparent in some zones by both techniques, in other zones is well represented after osmication but not in the living cell. Reasons for this are proposed. Studies by earlier workers on the mitochondrial pattern are confirmed. There is an increased density and decreased length of rods down the length of the epididymalduct. The relationship of the chondriome to the osmiophil material varies in the different zones; in some, close association with permeation is found, while in others the separation is complete. General observations upon living epididymal cells are recorded. These include the effects of different suspending media and the changes undergone by the cells after their isolation. A close study has been made of the free (stereociliated) border of the cells.

scholarly journals The relationships between the Golgi apparatus, GERL, and lysosomes of fetal rat liver Kupffer cells examined by ultrastructural phosphatase cytochemistry.

1981 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 1061-1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
R M Pino ◽  
L C Pino ◽  
P W Bankston
Keyword(s):  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Kupffer Cells ◽  
Phosphatase Inhibitors ◽  
Golgi Region ◽  
Fetal Rat ◽  
Latex Spheres ◽  
Phosphatase Cytochemistry ◽  
Fetal Rat Liver ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Rat Livers

Kupffer cells are the sinusoidal macrophages of the liver. Using ultrastructural phosphatase cytochemical methods, we examined the relationship between the Golgi apparatus, GERL, and lysosomes of Kupffer cells in fetal rat livers identified, in part, by their ability to phagocytize intravenously injected latex spheres. Thiamine pyrophosphatase (TPPase) activity was localized to the inner Golgi saccules and some vesicles in the Golgi region but not to GERL. A TPPase-like activity, demonstrable in lysosomes, was abolished by sodium fluoride but not suppressed by the alkaline phosphatase inhibitors L-cysteine and L-p-bromotetramisole. Acid phosphatase (AcPase) was localized by GERL, some coated vesicles, and in lysosomes, but not to the Golgi stacks. Continuities between GERL and lysosomes were observed. Phagosomes containing internalized latex spheres received TPPase and AcPase sequentially. TPPase was localized in phagosomes immediately after latex administration. AcPase activity was not found here until at least 10 minutes following the injection of the particulates. Our findings indicate that Kupffer cell lysosomes are derived from GERL, but also suggest that phagosomes may receive material packaged by the Golgi apparatus as well as GERL.

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