Plant Introduction as a Federal Service to Agriculture

In 1991, the USDA–ARS North Central Regional Plant Introduction Station made available for distribution 129 accessions of germplasm representing 31 genera of herbaceous ornamentals. This number increased to 329 accessions of 42 genera by 1995. During 1991–95, more than 500 seed packets were distributed to fulfill requests for these plants received from a diverse array of public and private researchers. An analysis of this demand together with expert advice from Crop Germplasm Committees and technical considerations, such as ease of culture and seed production, can help set priorities to plan germplasm regeneration to meet future demand. A recent analysis of demand at U.S. National Plant Germplasm System active sites indicated that demand ranging between 0.23 and 0.97 distributions per available accession per year was typical. Of the 42 ornamental genera analyzed in this study, 9 were demanded more frequently than was typical, 10 were demanded less frequently, with the remainder in the typical range. In order of increasing frequency, the nine genera with the highest distribution rates were Verbena, Gypsophila, Echinacea, Lapeirousia, Delphinium, Cerastium, Baptisia, Lilium, and Tanacetum. Six of these genera are represented only by a single available accession. Notably, Echinacea and Tanacetum are of research interest both as ornamentals and as medicinal/industrial crops. This poster gives a brief overview of the economic value of these genera, display the results of the demand analysis, discuss the results relative to recommendations from Crop Germplasm Committees and requestors, and consider how demand can shape management plans for the acquisition and regeneration of ornamental germplasm.

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Performance of Progeny of Adapted and Plant Introduction Soybean Lines 1

Crop Science ◽

10.2135/cropsci1986.0011183x002600040026x ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 753-756 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

S. K. St. Martin ◽

M. Aslam

Keyword(s):

Plant Introduction

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Flea Beetle Control in Lower Rainfall Se Washington, 1995

Arthropod Management Tests ◽

10.1093/amt/21.1.205 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 205-205

Author(s):

D. E. Bragg ◽

D. Mayer

Keyword(s):

Flea Beetle ◽

Plant Introduction ◽

Plant Damage ◽

Total Destruction ◽

Cotyledon Stage ◽

Untreated Check ◽

Plant Stand

Abstract Plots were planted 9 June at the USDA-ARS Western Plant Introduction Center at Central Ferry, WA at a rate of 6 lb/acre in rows 7 inches apart. Plots were 15 x 3 ft replicated in a RCBD 4 times, and were situated with replicates perpendicular to a crested wheat grass field. Precounts (PrCt) of plant stand per 6.6 ft row, and damage on 20 randomly selected plants on a scale of 0 to 6, with 0 = no damage and 6 = total destruction, were made 21 Jun. A treatment consisting of Furadan CR-10 granules at a rate of 2.5 lb product per acre was applied at seeding. Four other insecticide treatments were made with a CO2 backpack sprayer at 20 gpa and 20 psi on 22 Jun. An untreated check was established. Conditions at treatment were 70°F with a 2 mph wind at 11 a.m. All plants were in the cotyledon stage with meristem visible. Evaluations of stand reduction and plant damage were made on 2, 5, 7, and 10 DAT. All surviving plants were in the rosette stage (5 to 7 leaf) at 10 DAT.

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Role of Soybean mosaic virus–Encoded Proteins in Seed and Aphid Transmission in Soybean

Phytopathology ◽

10.1094/phyto-09-12-0248-r ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 103 (9) ◽

pp. 941-948 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Sushma Jossey ◽

Houston A. Hobbs ◽

Leslie L. Domier

Keyword(s):

Mosaic Virus ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Soybean Mosaic Virus ◽

Seed Transmission ◽

Aphid Transmission ◽

Plant Introduction ◽

Sequence Motif ◽

Coding Region ◽

Encoded Proteins ◽

Seed Transmissibility

Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) is seed and aphid transmitted and can cause significant reductions in yield and seed quality in soybean (Glycine max). The roles in seed and aphid transmission of selected SMV-encoded proteins were investigated by constructing mutants in and chimeric recombinants between SMV 413 (efficiently aphid and seed transmitted) and an isolate of SMV G2 (not aphid or seed transmitted). As previously reported, the DAG amino acid sequence motif near the amino terminus of the coat protein (CP) was the major determinant in differences in aphid transmissibility of the two SMV isolates, and helper component proteinase (HC-Pro) played a secondary role. Seed transmission of SMV was influenced by P1, HC-Pro, and CP. Replacement of the P1 coding region of SMV 413 with that of SMV G2 significantly enhanced seed transmissibility of SMV 413. Substitution in SMV 413 of the two amino acids that varied in the CPs of the two isolates with those from SMV G2, G to D in the DAG motif and Q to P near the carboxyl terminus, significantly reduced seed transmission. The Q-to-P substitution in SMV 413 also abolished virus-induced seed-coat mottling in plant introduction 68671. This is the first report associating P1, CP, and the DAG motif with seed transmission of a potyvirus and suggests that HC-Pro interactions with CP are important for multiple functions in the virus infection cycle.

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Inheritance of Antibiosis Resistance to the Dectes Stem Borer, Dectes texanus, in Soybean PI165673

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11040738 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 738

Author(s):

Lina M. Aguirre-Rojas ◽

Lawrent L. Buschman ◽

Brian McCornack ◽

William T. Schapaugh ◽

Erin D. Scully ◽

...

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

Larval Stage ◽

Stem Borer ◽

Plant Introduction ◽

Lower Number ◽

Soybean Plant ◽

Yield Losses ◽

First Instar ◽

Significant Yield ◽

Antibiosis Resistance

Dectes texanus larvae girdles the stems of soybean and cultivated sunflowers causing significant yield losses in North America. The soybean Plant Introduction (PI) 165673 exhibits antibiosis resistance to the larval stage. The objectives of this study were: (1) to determine the inheritance of D. texanus resistance in PI165673; (2) evaluate PI165673 antibiosis resistance before 21 d post infestation; (3) evaluate girdling damage in PI16563 at the end of the season. K07-1544/PI165673 F2 and F2:3 populations were tested for resistance to D. texanus in 2011 and 2012, and PI165673 antibiosis resistance and girdling damage were evaluated in 2014. Segregation for resistance to D. texanus and heritability estimates in the F2 and F2:3 populations indicated that resistance was controlled by two genes with dominant and recessive epistasis. Antibiosis evaluations indicated: (1) PI165673 contained lower number of larvae and eggs relative to the number of oviposition punctures at 15 d post infestation; (2) the proportion of first-instar larvae was higher in PI165673 at 15 d post infestation; (3) larvae reach the sixth-instar stage in PI165673. None of the PI165673 plants were girdled at the end of the season. Identification of additional sources of D. texanus resistance is required to impair larval development in the stem.

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Identification of Pisum sativum Germ Plasm with Resistance to Root Rot Caused by Multiple Strains of Aphanomyces euteiches

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis.1999.83.1.51 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 83 (1) ◽

pp. 51-54 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

D. K. Malvick ◽

J. A. Percich

Keyword(s):

Pisum Sativum ◽

Root Rot ◽

Plant Introduction ◽

Aphanomyces Euteiches ◽

Sources Of Resistance ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Pea Seedlings ◽

Biomass Loss ◽

Serious Disease ◽

Multiple Strains

Aphanomyces root rot is a serious disease of pea (Pisum sativum), and additional sources of resistance are needed for development of disease-resistant cultivars. Accessions (n = 123) from the P. sativum Plant Introduction (PI) collection with the highest relative levels of resistance to one strain of Aphanomyces euteiches were previously identified from among approximately 2,500 accessions evaluated. The chosen 123 accessions were evaluated in this study for resistance to root rot caused by multiple strains of this pathogen. Five strains representing different US geographical locations and pathogenicity characteristics were used to evaluate pea seedlings in a greenhouse. Disease severity (DS) and percent loss of fresh biomass (inoculated vs. non-inoculated plants) were determined 15 days after inoculation. Significant differences (P = 0.05) in levels of DS and biomass loss (BL) occurred among the accessions after inoculation individually with the five strains. The relative rank of accessions based on DS and BL varied with the strain of A. euteiches used for inoculations. The 20 accessions with the lowest DS after inoculation with each strain were identified. Based on lowest DS, two accessions were among the 20 identified with all five individual strains, and four other accessions were among the 20 identified with four of the five strains. The results suggest that the P. sativum PI collection contains useful accessions for breeding programs aimed at developing pea varieties with resistance to A. euteiches.

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Search of Plant Introduction Proso Millets for Fall Armyworm Resistance

Journal of Economic Entomology ◽

10.1093/jee/77.1.171 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 77 (1) ◽

pp. 171-173 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

R. L. Wilson ◽

J. B. Courteau

Keyword(s):

Fall Armyworm ◽

Plant Introduction

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BIOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE GROWTH OF THE HYDRANGEA L. GENUS REPRESENTATIVES IN THE PARK ZONES IN THE MIDDLE CIS-URALS CITIES

Vestnik of the Russian agricultural science ◽

10.30850/vrsn/2021/6/19-22 ◽

1970 ◽

pp. 19-22

Author(s):

N. M. Kuz'mina ◽

А. V. Fedorov

Keyword(s):

Green Building ◽

Botanical Garden ◽

Plant Introduction ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Middle Urals ◽

The Middle Urals ◽

Ecological Features ◽

Growing Conditions ◽

Ornamental Trees ◽

Ornamental Shrubs

Representatives of the genus Hortensia (Hydrangea L.) are ornamental shrubs that are highly valued in landscape construction. Today, it is important to create new and reconstruction of existing recreational areas for the recreation of the population. This leads to an increase in the demand for ornamental trees and shrubs as a material for green building. In the Middle Urals, the species of Hydrangea are still rarely used due to the poor knowledge of the bioecological characteristics of various species and varieties under the given growing conditions. The paper gives a characteristic of varying degrees of adaptability to unfavorable abiotic and biotic environmental factors of 14 species and varieties of Hydrangea (Hydrangea) from the collection of the Department of Plant Introduction and Acclimatization, which was planted on the territory of the UdmFIC UB RAS in Izhevsk in 2017. For decorative features, a technique developed by the staff of the Botanical Garden of Ufa was used. Methodological developments on decorativeness of various cultures are taken as a basis. The characteristics of meteorological conditions during the years of research (2019-2020) are given. According to the research results, 7 representatives of the Hydrangea genus were noted as the most promising candidates for green construction in the cities of the Middle Urals. Hydrangea paniculata (H. Paniculata): ‘Lime Light’. ‘Pinkie Winky’, Weems Red ’, Vanilla Fries’. Hydrangea serrata (H. Serrata) 'Bluebird', Hydrangea petiolar (H. petiolaris) and hydrangea tree (H. arborescens). According to the results of two years of observation (2019-2020), these taxa had a decorativeness rating of 50 to 73 points and were assigned to the II group of decorativeness, winter hardiness (5 points). It was noted that unfavorable climatic conditions (moisture deficit, cool May and June 2020) reduced the average decorative score of the entire collection of representatives of the genus Hydrangea by 10 points. This was mainly due to the quality of the flowering.

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