Background:
The association between obesity and a reduction in life expectancy is well established, and
cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of mortality. Bariatric surgery has long been established as the most effective
and durable intervention for obesity, and is the only intervention for obesity that consistently improves multiple
comorbidities, reduces cardiovascular disease and long-term mortality. The purpose of this review article is to describe the
impact of metabolic/bariatric surgery on type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiometabolic parameters, including
cardiovascular mortality.
Methods:
A systematic literature search of Pubmed, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Central Register was performed. We
included randomized controlled trials, metanalysis, case-control trials, and cohort studies that contain data on reductions
in cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular mortality in subjects who underwent metabolic/bariatric surgery from
January 1, 2005, to June 1, 2020.
Conclusion:
There is sufficient evidence of randomized controlled trials that metabolic/bariatric surgery is associated
with a significant improvement of all cardiovascular risk factors. Although studies are showing a reduction of
macrovascular events and cardiovascular mortality, these findings come from observational studies and should be
confirmed in randomized clinical trials.
Assessment and management of severely obese children and adolescents