ENVELOPE CROSS-REACTIVITY IN WESTERN BLOT FOR HIV-1 AND HIV-2 MAY NOT INDICATE DUAL INFECTION

The Lancet ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 332 (8617) ◽  
pp. 927-930 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.S Tedder ◽  
A Hughes ◽  
T Corrah ◽  
T O'Connor ◽  
H N'JIE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Blot ◽  
Dual Infection ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Interlaboratory Optimization and Evaluation of a Serological Assay for Diagnosis of Human Baylisascariasis

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 1758-1763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa N. Rascoe ◽  
Cynthia Santamaria ◽  
Sukwan Handali ◽  
Sriveny Dangoudoubiyam ◽  
Kevin R. Kazacos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Blot ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Western Blot Assay ◽  
Content Type ◽  
National Reference ◽  
Baylisascaris Procyonis ◽  
Reference Centre ◽  
Assay Performance ◽  
Positive Serum ◽  
Control And Prevention

ABSTRACTA Western blot assay using a recombinant protein, recombinantBaylisascaris procyonisRAG1 protein (rBpRAG1), was developed for the diagnosis of human baylisascariasis concurrently by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Atlanta, Georgia, and the National Reference Centre for Parasitology (NRCP) in Montreal, Canada. Assay performance was assessed by testing 275 specimens at the CDC and 405 specimens at the NRCP. Twenty specimens from 16 cases of baylisascariasis were evaluated. Eighteen were positive, with the assay correctly identifying 14 of 16 patients. The rBpRAG1 Western blot assay showed no cross-reactivity withToxocara-positive serum and had an overall sensitivity of 88% and a specificity of 98%.

scholarly journals Trypanosoma cruzi: identification of specific epimastigote antigens by human immune sera

1989 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Morgado ◽  
J. Ivo-dos-Santos ◽  
R. T. Pinho ◽  
E. Argüelles ◽  
J. M. Rezende ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Cross Reaction ◽  
The Other ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Human Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Human Immune

Soluble antigens from epimastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi were analyzed by western blot in terms of their reactivity with sera from patients with Chagas' disease. In addition, sera from patients with visceral (AVL) and tegumentar leishmaniasis (ATL) were also tested in order to identify cross-reactivities with Trypanosoma cruzy antigens. Twenty eight polypeptides with molecular weights ranging from 14 kDa to 113 kDa were identified with sera from Chagas' disease patients. An extensive cross-reactivity was observed when sera from human visceral leishmaniasis were used, while only a slight cross-reaction was observed with sera from tegumentar leishmaniasis. On the other hand, 10 polypeptidesspecifically reacting with sera from Chagas' disease patients were identified. Among them, the antigens with molecular weights of 46 kDa and 25 kDa reacted with all sera teste and may be good candidates for specific immunodiagnosis of Chagas' disease.

scholarly journals SHCS und die Labordiagnostik der HIV-Infektion – von der Entwicklung des HIV Western Blot über die Virusquantifizierung zur klinisch relevanten individuellen Viruscharakterisierung

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (10) ◽  
pp. 603-607
Author(s):  
Schüpbach
Keyword(s):  
Western Blot ◽  
Hiv 1

Die diagnostischen Instrumente für die Beantwortung der primären Frage der HIV-Labordiagnostik – ist jemand mit HIV infiziert? – wurden vor 20 Jahren mit Hilfe von Seren der ersten PatientInnen mit AIDS in der Schweiz geschaffen: Western Blot und ELISA. Der heutigen HIV-Diagnostik in der Schweiz stehen für das Screening in den klinischen Labors die vierte ELISA-Generation (Combo-Tests für Antikörper und Antigen) und in den Arztpraxen ein Schnelltest zur Verfügung. Für die Bestätigungslaboratorien steht eine Auswahl von Minimalkombinationen positiver Testresultate aus der ersten und zweiten Blutprobe zur Verfügung, welche die Diagnose einer HIV-Infektion klar bestätigen. Bei PatientInnen mit bestätigter HIV-Infektion stellen sich sofort zwei weitere zentrale Fragen, nämlich nach der Viruslast und nach klinisch relevanten spezifischen Viruseigenschaften (HIV-1 oder HIV-2, HIV-1 Subtyp, Resistenz gegen antiretrovirale Medikamente). Der Beitrag enthält einen kurzen persönlichen Rückblick auf die ersten Tage der HIV-Diagnostik und nennt die Testsysteme, die heute für die Beantwortung der drei Kardinalfragen standardmäßig eingesetzt werden. Erwähnt sind auch Alternativmethoden, die bei Versagen der Standardmethoden benützt werden können.

scholarly journals Characterization of Human Immunoglobulin (Ig) Isotype and IgG Subclass Response to Bartonella henselae Infection

1998 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 5915-5920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svena L. McGill ◽  
Russell L. Regnery ◽  
Kevin L. Karem
Keyword(s):  
Western Blot ◽  
Blot Analysis ◽  
Western Blot Analysis ◽  
Bartonella Henselae ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Antibody Activity ◽  
Igg Subclass ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Bartonella Quintana

ABSTRACT Serologic parameters of cat scratch disease (CSD) were evaluated by Western blot analysis. Sera from patients with serologically confirmed CSD antigen were screened for immunoglobulin (Ig) isotype-specific as well as IgG subclass-specific reactivity against Bartonella henselae whole-cell antigen. Bartonella-negative control sera were used to determine baseline antibody activity. Heterogeneous B. henselae-specific IgG reactivity with numerous protein bands, ranging from >150 to <17 kDa, was observed. Though individual banding patterns were variable, one approximately 83-kDa B. henselae protein (Bh83) was immunoreactive with all CSD sera tested, suggesting it is a conserved antigen during infection. Bh83 was not recognized by reference human antisera againstRickettsia rickettsii, Chlamydia group positive, Treponema pallidum, Orientia tsutsugamushi, Fransciscella tularensis,Ehrlichia chaffeensis, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli, although other cross-reactive proteins were evident. Significantly, CSD sera failed to recognize the 83-kDa protein when tested against Bartonella quintanaantigen, though sera from B. quintana-infected patients did react to Bh83. This cross-reactivity suggests epitope conservation during infection with B. henselae or B. quintana. Western blot analysis further revealed similar banding patterns when B. henselae was reacted against the Ig isotypes IgG and IgG1 and both secretory and alpha chains of IgA. Neither IgM nor IgE reacted significantly toBartonella antigen by our Western blot analysis. Dissection of the antibody response at the IgG subclass level indicated that prominent antigen recognition was limited to IgG1. These observations provide insight into induced immunity during CSD and provide evidence for conserved epitope expression during infection withB. henselae or B. quintana.

scholarly journals Development of an ELISA for Measurement of BCAR1 Protein in Human Breast Cancer Tissue

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 1356-1363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolai Grebenchtchikov ◽  
Arend Brinkman ◽  
Simone P J van Broekhoven ◽  
Danielle de Jong ◽  
Anneke Geurts-Moespot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Human Breast Cancer ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Breast Cancer Tissue ◽  
Primary Breast Tumor ◽  
Cancer Tissue ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Human Breast Cancer Tissue

Abstract Background: High concentrations of breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance 1 (BCAR1) protein measured by Western blotting in primary breast tumor cytosols are associated with early disease progression and failure of tamoxifen therapy. The aim of the present study was to develop an ELISA to measure BCAR1 quantitatively in extracts of human breast cancer tissue. Methods: A recombinant fragment of BCAR1 (the human homolog of murine p130Cas) was produced in bacterial M15 cells, purified, and injected into chickens and rabbits. The generated antibodies were affinity-purified and used for the construction of an ELISA. After validation, the results obtained with the ELISA were compared with Western blot findings on primary breast tumors. Results: The detection limit the BCAR1 ELISA was 0.0031 μg/L, and the within-run imprecision (CV) was &lt;20% at concentrations down to 0.004 μg/L. The within-run imprecision (CV) was 1.0–7.2%, and the between-run CV was 3.6–5.4%. There was no cross-reactivity with family member HEF1. The assay exhibited parallelism of results between serial dilutions and a mean recovery (range) of 96 (79–118)%. Conclusions: The ELISA measures BCAR1 in human breast cancer cytosols with high sensitivity and specificity. The assay can be used to confirm and to quantitatively extend previous semiquantitative Western blot data on the prognostic and predictive value of BCAR1 in human breast cancer; it can also be applied for other diseases.

scholarly journals Use of an In Vivo FTA Assay to Assess the Magnitude, Functional Avidity and Epitope Variant Cross-Reactivity of T Cell Responses Following HIV-1 Recombinant Poxvirus Vaccination

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e105366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danushka K. Wijesundara ◽  
Charani Ranasinghe ◽  
Ronald J. Jackson ◽  
Brett A. Lidbury ◽  
Christopher R. Parish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Responses ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Functional Avidity ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Epitope Variant ◽  
Hiv 1

Update on HIV-1 and HIV-2 Dual Infection

2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Didier Koumavi Ekouevi ◽  
Serge Paul Eholie
Keyword(s):  
Dual Infection ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Diminuição do risco de infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (VIH) em pacientes em hemodiálise no estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

1990 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 419-427
Author(s):  
José Hermógenes Rocco Suassuna ◽  
Pedro Paulo Rongel Rocha ◽  
Dumara Rodrigues de Paiva ◽  
Virgílio Pinho da Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Western Blot ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Hiv 1

Os estudos iniciais sobre a soroprevalência de anticorpos anti-VIH-1 (Ac-VIH) em unidades de hemodiálise no Estado do Rio de Janeiro (RJ) foram feitos em 1985. Os números alarmantes, próximos a 14%, foram atribuídos à má qualidade do sangue obtido de "doadores profissionais" em troca de comida ou dinheiro. Recentemente uma série de medidas foram adotadas na tentativa de reduzir o tráfico de sangue. Nossa investigação objetivou avaliar o impacto destas na soroprevalência de Ac-VIH em duas unidades satélites no RJ. A Clínica Segumed foi uma das unidades estudadas em 1985. Em 1987 realizamos um segundo levantamento no mesmo grupo estudado previamente. A Casa de Saúde Grajaú, inaugurada em 1986 com a maioria dos pacientes novos em diálise, foi estudada em 1988. O teste ELISA HIV-1 foi utilizado como rastreamento. Os resultados positivos foram confirmados com Western blot. Os resultados na Segumed mostraram uma grande diferença entre os dois levantamentos (14,4% vs 3,6%). Os dois casos positivos em 1987 estavam entre os identificados em 1985. Nenhum paciente se infectou entre os dois levantamentos apesar de não se utilizarem medidas de isolamento para os portadores de VIH e do uso de transfusões ter aumentado no período. Na CS Grajaú apenas dois casos foram encontrados (soroprevalência 2,4%) embora um já fosse conhecido desde 1985 quando vivia com um transplante. Uma revisão de estudos semelhantes no RJ e São Paulo parece revelar uma tendência à diminuição das taxas nos últimos anos. Nós concluímos que a chance de contaminação com VIH é atualmente reduzida nos centros estudados e pode estar caindo globalmente no RJ. É possível que a maior vigilância, e até fechamento de bancos de sangue, tenha resultado na melhora da qualidade do sangue no RJ.

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