Establishment of a black cottonwood plantation on an exposed site in Iceland: plant growth and site energy balance

AbstractBackground and aimsThe interactions established between plants and endophytic fungi span acontinuumfrom beneficial to pathogenic associations. The aim of this work was to explore the mechanisms underlying the potentially beneficial effects provoked by a fungal strain in legume species of the genusLotus.MethodsThe ability to solubilise phosphorous was evaluated in nine fungal strains isolated from roots ofL. tenuis. A selected strain was further assessed for its ability to colonize plant roots in differentLotusspecies. The effects of the two interactions were assessed by analysis of the photosynthesis, sugar amount, and macronutrient status of leaves and roots.ResultsA fungal isolate identified asFusarium solanishows the highest phosphate-solubilisation activity and grows endophytically in roots ofL. japonicusandL. tenuis. Fungal invasion enhances plant growth inL. japonicusbut provokes a contrasting effect inL. tenuis. Photosynthesis, sugars and K content showed a differential effect in both plant species.ConclusionsOur results indicate neither of the plant species evaluated in this work were significantly stressed byF. solani. Thus, the differential responses observed are due to distinct mechanisms involving photosynthesis, potassium homeostasis, and carbohydrate metabolism that are employed by plants to maintain fitness during the endophytic interaction.

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Time dependency of eddy covariance site energy balance

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology ◽

10.1016/j.agrformet.2017.08.008 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 249 ◽

pp. 467-478 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

David E. Reed ◽

John M. Frank ◽

Brent E. Ewers ◽

Ankur R. Desai

Keyword(s):

Energy Balance ◽

Eddy Covariance ◽

Time Dependency ◽

Site Energy

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Effects of Ambipolar Diffusion on Prominence Thread Models

International Astronomical Union Colloquium ◽

10.1017/s0252921100025513 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 144 ◽

pp. 315-321 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. G. Rovira ◽

J. M. Fontenla ◽

J.-C. Vial ◽

P. Gouttebroze

Keyword(s):

Energy Balance ◽

Transition Region ◽

Ambipolar Diffusion ◽

Line Profiles ◽

Balance Equations ◽

Model Calculations ◽

Partial Frequency ◽

Frequency Redistribution ◽

Partial Frequency Redistribution ◽

Theoretical Structure

AbstractWe have improved previous model calculations of the prominence-corona transition region including the effect of the ambipolar diffusion in the statistical equilibrium and energy balance equations. We show its influence on the different parameters that characterize the resulting prominence theoretical structure. We take into account the effect of the partial frequency redistribution (PRD) in the line profiles and total intensities calculations.

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Influence of Magnetic Fields on Solar Hydrodynamics: Experimental Results

International Astronomical Union Colloquium ◽

10.1017/s025292110005329x ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 36 ◽

pp. 143-180 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

J.O. Stenflo

Keyword(s):

Solar Activity ◽

Energy Balance ◽

Magnetic Fields ◽

Solar Atmosphere ◽

General Problem ◽

Solar Rotation ◽

Active Regions ◽

Physical Conditions ◽

Dynamic Phenomena

It is well-known that solar activity is basically caused by the Interaction of magnetic fields with convection and solar rotation, resulting in a great variety of dynamic phenomena, like flares, surges, sunspots, prominences, etc. Many conferences have been devoted to solar activity, including the role of magnetic fields. Similar attention has not been paid to the role of magnetic fields for the overall dynamics and energy balance of the solar atmosphere, related to the general problem of chromospheric and coronal heating. To penetrate this problem we have to focus our attention more on the physical conditions in the ‘quiet’ regions than on the conspicuous phenomena in active regions.

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Mechanisms of ethylene biosynthesis and response in plants

Essays in Biochemistry ◽

10.1042/bse0580061 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 58 ◽

pp. 61-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Paul B. Larsen

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Growth And Development ◽

Ethylene Biosynthesis ◽

Unsaturated Hydrocarbon ◽

Flower Senescence ◽

Detailed Knowledge ◽

Plant Growth And Development ◽

Step Process ◽

Ethylene Response ◽

Ethylene Signalling

Ethylene is the simplest unsaturated hydrocarbon, yet it has profound effects on plant growth and development, including many agriculturally important phenomena. Analysis of the mechanisms underlying ethylene biosynthesis and signalling have resulted in the elucidation of multistep mechanisms which at first glance appear simple, but in fact represent several levels of control to tightly regulate the level of production and response. Ethylene biosynthesis represents a two-step process that is regulated at both the transcriptional and post-translational levels, thus enabling plants to control the amount of ethylene produced with regard to promotion of responses such as climacteric flower senescence and fruit ripening. Ethylene production subsequently results in activation of the ethylene response, as ethylene accumulation will trigger the ethylene signalling pathway to activate ethylene-dependent transcription for promotion of the response and for resetting the pathway. A more detailed knowledge of the mechanisms underlying biosynthesis and the ethylene response will ultimately enable new approaches to be developed for control of the initiation and progression of ethylene-dependent developmental processes, many of which are of horticultural significance.

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