1180 ANTI-HCV DYNAMICS FOLLOWING ACUTE HCV INFECTION IN HIV-INFECTED MEN WHO HAVE SEX WITH MEN

AbstractBackground. Since 2000, incidence of sexually acquired hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infection has increased among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected men who have sex with men (MSM). To date, few case-control and cohort studies evaluating HCV transmission risk factors were conducted in this population, and most of these studies were initially designed to study HIV-related risk behavior and characteristics.Methods. From 2009 onwards, HIV-infected MSM with acute HCV infection and controls (HIV-monoinfected MSM) were prospectively included in the MOSAIC (MSM Observational Study of Acute Infection with hepatitis C) study at 5 large HIV outpatient clinics in the Netherlands. Written questionnaires were administered, covering sociodemographics, bloodborne risk factors for HCV infection, sexual behavior, and drug use. Clinical data were acquired through linkage with databases from the Dutch HIV Monitoring Foundation. For this study, determinants of HCV acquisition collected at the inclusion visit were analyzed using logistic regression.Results. Two hundred thirteen HIV-infected MSM (82 MSM with acute HCV infection and 131 MSM without) were included with a median age of 45.7 years (interquartile range [IQR], 41.0–52.2). Receptive unprotected anal intercourse (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 5.01; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.63–15.4), sharing sex toys (aOR, 3.62; 95% CI, 1.04–12.5), unprotected fisting (aOR, 2.57; 95% CI, 1.02–6.44), injecting drugs (aOR, 15.62; 95% CI, 1.27–192.6), sharing straws when snorting drugs (aOR, 3.40; 95% CI, 1.39–8.32), lower CD4 cell count (aOR, 1.75 per cubic root; 95% CI, 1.19–2.58), and recent diagnosis of ulcerative sexually transmitted infection (aOR, 4.82; 95% CI, 1.60–14.53) had significant effects on HCV acquisition.Conclusions. In this study, both sexual behavior and biological factors appear to independently increase the risk of HCV acquisition among HIV-infected MSM.

Download Full-text

007.3 Detection of hepatitis c virus (hcv) in semen from hiv-infected men who have sex with men (msm) during acute hcv infection

Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽

10.1136/sextrans-2015-052270.117 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 91 (Suppl 2) ◽

pp. A40.2-A41

Author(s):

S Turner ◽

M Yip ◽

D Smith ◽

S Weibel ◽

W van Seggelen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Hcv Infection ◽

Acute Hcv ◽

Sex With Men ◽

Acute Hcv Infection

Download Full-text

Analysis of Successful Immune Responses in Persons Infected with Hepatitis C Virus

Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1084/jem.191.9.1499 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 191 (9) ◽

pp. 1499-1512 ◽

Cited By ~ 937

Author(s):

Franziska Lechner ◽

David K.H. Wong ◽

P. Rod Dunbar ◽

Roger Chapman ◽

Raymond T. Chung ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

T Lymphocyte ◽

Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte ◽

Acute Infection ◽

Hcv Infection ◽

Ctl Response ◽

Acute Hcv ◽

Ifn Γ ◽

Acute Hcv Infection

Although hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is very common, identification of patients during acute infection is rare. Consequently, little is known about the immune response during this critical stage of the disease. We analyzed the T lymphocyte response during and after acute resolving HCV infection in three persons, using interferon (IFN)-γ enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) and human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA) peptide tetramer assays. Acute infection was associated with a broadly directed T helper and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response, which persisted after resolution of clinical hepatitis and clearance of viremia. At the earliest time point studied, highly activated CTL populations were observed that temporarily failed to secrete IFN-γ, a “stunned” phenotype, from which they recovered as viremia declined. In long-term HCV-seropositive persons, CTL responses were more common in persons who had cleared viremia compared with those with persistent viremia, although the frequencies of HCV-specific CTLs were lower than those found in persons during and after resolution of acute HCV infection. These studies demonstrate a strong and persistent CTL response in resolving acute HCV infection, and provide rationale to explore immune augmentation as a therapeutic intervention in chronic HCV infection.

Download Full-text

799 KINETICS OF HEPATIC AND CIRCULATING MICRORNA-122 DURING EXPERIMENTAL ACUTE HCV INFECTION

Journal of Hepatology ◽

10.1016/s0168-8278(11)60801-5 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 54 ◽

pp. S320-S321

Author(s):

K. Krawczynski ◽

Y. Choi ◽

M. Odenthal ◽

M. Ruhrlander ◽

M. Muller ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hcv Infection ◽

Circulating Microrna ◽

Acute Hcv ◽

Kinetics Of ◽

Acute Hcv Infection

Download Full-text

PD-1 Expression in Acute Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Infection Is Associated with HCV-Specific CD8 Exhaustion

Journal of Virology ◽

10.1128/jvi.01177-06 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 80 (22) ◽

pp. 11398-11403 ◽

Cited By ~ 399

Author(s):

Simona Urbani ◽

Barbara Amadei ◽

Daniela Tola ◽

Marco Massari ◽

Simona Schivazappa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Cell Function ◽

Hcv Infection ◽

Acute Hepatitis C ◽

Inhibitory Receptor ◽

Cd8 Cells ◽

Acute Hcv ◽

Cd8 Cell ◽

Acute Hcv Infection

ABSTRACT Hepatitis C virus (HCV)-specific CD8 cell exhaustion may represent a mechanism of HCV persistence. The inhibitory receptor PD-1 has been reported to be up-regulated in exhausted CD8 cells. Therefore, we studied PD-1 expression longitudinally during acute HCV infection. Most HCV-specific CD8 cells expressed PD-1 at the time of acute illness, irrespective of the final outcome. PD-1 expression declined with the acquisition of a memory phenotype and recovery of an efficient CD8 cell function in resolving HCV infections, whereas high levels were maintained when HCV persisted and HCV-specific CD8 cells remained dysfunctional. Blocking PD-1/PDL-1 interaction with an anti-PDL-1 antibody improved the capacity of expansion of virus-specific CD8 cells.

Download Full-text