Pulsed electron-beam melting of high-speed steel: structural phase transformations and wear resistance

2002 ◽  
Vol 150 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 188-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. Ivanov ◽  
W. Matz ◽  
V. Rotshtein ◽  
R. Günzel ◽  
N. Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Phase Transformations ◽  
Electron Beam Melting ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Structural Phase ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Pulsed Electron Beam ◽  
Structural Phase Transformations

Structural-Phase Transformations in R6m5 Steel while Electrolytic-Plasma Processing

2014 ◽  
Vol 904 ◽  
pp. 217-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Маzhyn Skakov ◽  
Erlan Batyrbekov ◽  
Bauyrzhan Rakhadilov ◽  
Michael Scheffler
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Structural Phase ◽  
Plasma Processing ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
R6m5 Steel ◽  
Electrolytic Plasma Processing ◽  
Modified Layer ◽  
Surface Modified ◽  
Structural Phase Transformations ◽  
Surface Changes

The article examines regularities of high-speed steel surface changes in the phase and structural states of during the electrolytic-plasma processing. It is determined that after modification by electrolytic-plasma influence on the surface of R6M5 high-speed steel formation of small pores, microdefects and fine inclusion. Surface modified layer consists of nitrogen austenite, nitrogen martensite and fine nitride particles.

scholarly journals Multi-cycle of AISI 5135 steel modification by irradiation of the “film (Si (0.2 μm) + Nb (0.2 μm))/(AISI 5135 steel) substrate” system with an intense pulsed electron beam

2021 ◽  
Vol 2064 (1) ◽  
pp. 012041
Author(s):  
N N Koval ◽  
Yu F Ivanov ◽  
V V Shugurov ◽  
A D Teresov ◽  
E A Petrikova
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Pulsed Electron Beam ◽  
Impact Area ◽  
Steel Aisi

Abstract Steel AISI 5135 surface layer modification carried out by high-cycle high-speed melting of the “film (Si + Nb)/(steel AISI 5135) substrate” system with an intense pulsed electron beam with an impact area of several square centimeters, have been implemented in a single vacuum cycle on the “COMPLEX” setup. The regime of the system “film (Si (0.2 μm) + Nb (0.2 μm))/(steel AISI 5135) substrate” irradiation with an intense pulsed electron beam (20 J/cm2, 200 μs, 3 pulses, 3 cycles) which makes it possible to form a surface layer with high thermal stability have been revealed. This layer is characterized by high hardness, more than 3 times higher than the hardness of AISI 5135 steel in the original (ferrite-pearlite structure) and wear resistance, more than 90 times higher than the wear resistance of the initial AISI 5135 steel. It is shown that the high strength and tribological properties of steel are due to the formation of the hardening phase particles (niobium silicide of Nb5Si3 composition).

scholarly journals STRUCTURAL-PHASE STATE OF SILUMIN OF HYPEREUTECTIC COMPOSITION IRRADIATED BY A PULSED ELECTRON BEAM

2020 ◽  
pp. 89-102
Author(s):  
Юрий Федорович Иванов ◽  
Анатолий Анатольевич Клопотов ◽  
Елизавета Алексеевна Петрикова ◽  
Мария Евгеньевна Рыгина ◽  
Олег Сергеевич Толкачев ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Structural Phase ◽  
Instrument Making ◽  
Structural Phase State ◽  
Pulsed Electron Beam ◽  
State Diagrams ◽  
Industrial Alloy ◽  
Second Phases

Силумин (сплав алюминия с кремнием) является дешевым промышленным сплавом, обладающим хорошей коррозионной стойкостью, высокими удельными механическими свойствами и хорошими литейными свойствами, вследствие чего нашел широкое применение в современной промышленности (авиа- и машиностроение, приборостроение, судостроение и т.д.). Целью настоящей работы является анализ закономерностей преобразования структуры и фазового состава поверхностного слоя силумина заэвтектического состава (Al - 22 вес. % Si ), подвергнутого облучению интенсивным импульсным электронным пучком. Установлено, что облучение силумина импульсным электронным пучком (18 кэВ, 25 Дж/см, 200 мкс, 3 имп., 0,3 с) приводит к плавлению поверхностного слоя толщиной до 60 мкм, высокоскоростная кристаллизация которого сопровождается формированием субмикро- нанокристаллической многофазной структуры. Показано, что алюминий (твердый раствор на основе ГЦК кристаллической решетки) формирует ячейки высокоскоростной кристаллизации; на границах ячеек расположены наноразмерные частицы вторых фаз. Выполнен анализ трехкомпонентных диаграмм состояния системы Al - Si - Fe - Cu (основные элементы исследуемого силумина) и продемонстрирована возможность формирования в сплаве в равновесных условиях большого количества двух- и трехэлементных соединений. Методами дифракционной электронной микроскопии показано, что наряду с трехэлементными фазами в силумине образуются и фазы на основе четырех и, возможно, большего количества элементов. Silumin (an alloy of aluminum with silicon) is a cheap industrial alloy with good corrosion resistance, high specific mechanical properties and good casting properties. As a result it has found wide applications in modern industry (aircraft and mechanical engineering, instrument making, shipbuilding, etc.). The aim of this work is to analyze the regularities of transformation of the structure and phase composition of the surface layer of a hypereutectic silumin (Al - 22 wt % Si), subjected to irradiation with an intense pulsed electron beam. It was found that irradiation of silumin with a pulsed electron beam (18 keV, 25 J / cm, 200 μs, 3 pulses, 0,3 s) leads to melting of the surface layer up to 60 pm thick, the high-speed crystallization of which is accompanied by the formation of a submicro-nanocrystalline multiphase structure. It is shown that aluminum (a solid solution based on fcc crystal lattice) forms cells of high-speed crystallization; nanoscale particles of the second phases are located at the cell boundaries. Analysis of three-component state diagrams of the Al - Si - Fe - Cu system (the main elements of the studied silumin) demonstrated the possibility of forming a large number of two- and three-element compounds in the alloy under equilibrium conditions. It has been shown by diffraction electron microscopy that, along with three-element phases, phases based on four and, possibly, more elements are formed in silumin.

Surface Morphology Evolution of High Speed Steel Induced by High Current Pulsed Electron Beam Irradiation

2012 ◽  
Vol 557-559 ◽  
pp. 1954-1959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Zhao ◽  
Xiao Hui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Morphology Evolution ◽  
Pulsed Electron Beam ◽  
Micro Cracks ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Surface Morphology Evolution

Electron beam source was applied to investigate the effect of current, voltage and the number of pulse on surface morphology evolution of high speed steel. It has been revealed that the same trend of the morphology can be acquired by varying different parameters because energy is the main influencing factor. Material own defects and electron back-scattering are the primary reason for the formation of the craters as a result of the eruption of phase boundary. Through the following self- and re-melting repairing, the craters become shallow and the holes disappear. And the planar stress wave justified by the multi-loop craters is the root of the appearance of micro-cracks and cavities.

CIRCLE M

Alloy Digest ◽  
1953 ◽  
Vol 2 (9) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
High Production ◽  
Red Hardness

Abstract CIRCLE M is a molybdenum-tungsten high-speed steel containing 9.0% cobalt. It is adapted to high production applications where increased speeds and heavy cuts necessitate unusual red-hardness and wear resistance. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and compressive strength. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, and machining. Filing Code: TS-10. Producer or source: Firth Sterling Corporation.

AISI TYPE M2

Alloy Digest ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Steel Mills ◽  
Aisi Type

Abstract AISI TYPE M2 is a molybdenum-tungsten high-speed steel with a balanced analysis which produces properties applicable to all general-purpose high-speed uses. It has an excellent balance between toughness and wear resistance. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and compressive strength as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: TS-240. Producer or source: Tool steel mills.

FAGERSTA WKE-45

Alloy Digest ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Red Hardness

Abstract FAGERSTA WKE-45 is a tungsten-molybdenum high-speed steel containing 11% cobalt. It has greater red hardness and more wear resistance than almost any other high-speed steel and has adequate (medium) toughness. It is used mainly for lathe tools (for example, tool bits) where maximum wear resistance and red hardness are required. It is particularly suitable for working very hard and wear-inducing materials, including stainless steels. This datasheet provides information on composition and hardness. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, and machining. Filing Code: TS-317. Producer or source: Fagersta Steels Inc..

CRUCIBLE CPM REX 121

Alloy Digest ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Maximum Hardness ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Red Hardness ◽  
Cutting Speeds

Abstract CPM Rex 121 is a super high-speed steel with significantly higher wear resistance and red hardness than other high-speed steels. It is best suited for applications requiring high cutting speeds. It may provide an alternative to carbide where carbide cutting edges are too fragile. The annealed hardness is approximately 350-400 HB, and maximum hardness is approximately 72 HRC. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, microstructure, hardness, and elasticity as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on high temperature performance and wear resistance as well as heat treating and surface treatment. Filing Code: TS-591. Producer or source: Crucible.

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