Quantitative optical imaging of brain activity—human and animal studies

2002 ◽  
Vol 1235 ◽  
pp. 181-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Tamura ◽  
Y. Hoshi ◽  
M. Nemoto ◽  
C. Sato ◽  
S. Kohri
Keyword(s):  
Optical Imaging ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Brain Activity

scholarly journals A Large Lateral Craniotomy Procedure for Mesoscale Wide-field Optical Imaging of Brain Activity

10.3791/52642 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Kyweriga ◽  
Jianjun Sun ◽  
Sunny Wang ◽  
Richard Kline ◽  
Majid H. Mohajerani
Keyword(s):  
Optical Imaging ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Wide Field

scholarly journals Optical-flow analysis toolbox for characterization of spatiotemporal dynamics in mesoscale optical imaging of brain activity

NeuroImage ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 153 ◽  
pp. 58-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navvab Afrashteh ◽  
Samsoon Inayat ◽  
Mostafa Mohsenvand ◽  
Majid H. Mohajerani
Keyword(s):  
Optical Flow ◽  
Optical Imaging ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Spatiotemporal Dynamics

scholarly journals Fast in vivo bioluminescence tomography using a novel pure optical imaging technique

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
pp. 1750003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Zhang ◽  
Chengcai Leng ◽  
Hongbo Liu ◽  
Kun Wang ◽  
Jie Tian
Keyword(s):  
Optical Imaging ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Bioluminescence Tomography ◽  
3D Surface ◽  
Tumor Lesion

Bioluminescence tomography (BLT) is a novel optical molecular imaging technique that advanced the conventional planar bioluminescence imaging (BLI) into a quantifiable three-dimensional (3D) approach in preclinical living animal studies in oncology. In order to solve the inverse problem and reconstruct tumor lesions inside animal body accurately, the prior structural information is commonly obtained from X-ray computed tomography (CT). This strategy requires a complicated hybrid imaging system, extensive post imaging analysis and involvement of ionizing radiation. Moreover, the overall robustness highly depends on the fusion accuracy between the optical and structural information. Here, we present a pure optical bioluminescence tomographic (POBT) system and a novel BLT workflow based on multi-view projection acquisition and 3D surface reconstruction. This method can reconstruct the 3D surface of an imaging subject based on a sparse set of planar white-light and bioluminescent images, so that the prior structural information can be offered for 3D tumor lesion reconstruction without the involvement of CT. The performance of this novel technique was evaluated through the comparison with a conventional dual-modality tomographic (DMT) system and a commercialized optical imaging system (IVIS Spectrum) using three breast cancer xenografts. The results revealed that the new technique offered comparable in vivo tomographic accuracy with the DMT system ([Formula: see text]) in much shorter data analysis time. It also offered significantly better accuracy comparing with the IVIS system ([Formula: see text]) without sacrificing too much time.

scholarly journals Spontaneous EEG-Functional MRI in Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: Implications for the Neural Correlates of Consciousness

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Wang ◽  
Loretta Norton ◽  
R. Matthew Hutchison ◽  
John R. Ives ◽  
Seyed M. Mirsattari
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Unified Framework ◽  
Epileptiform Discharges ◽  
Interictal Epileptiform Discharges ◽  
Mesial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Hemodynamic Processes

The combination of electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been shown to have great potential for providing a greater understanding of normal and diseased states in both human and animal studies. Simultaneous EEG-fMRI is particularly well suited for the study of epilepsy in that it may reveal the neurobiology of ictal and interictal epileptiform discharges and noninvasively localize epileptogenic foci. Spontaneous, coherent fluctuations of neuronal activity and the coupled hemodynamic responses have also been shown to provide diagnostic markers of disease, extending our understanding of intrinsically structured ongoing brain activity. Following a short summary of the hardware and software development of simultaneous EEG-fMRI, this paper reviews a unified framework of integrating neuronal and hemodynamic processes during epileptic seizures and discusses the role and impact of spontaneous activity in the mesial temporal lobe epilepsies with particular emphasis on the neural and physiological correlates of consciousness.

scholarly journals Localized near–infrared spectroscopy and functional optical imaging of brain activity

1997 ◽  
Vol 352 (1354) ◽  
pp. 737-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamoru Tamura ◽  
Yoko Hoshi ◽  
Fumihiko Okada
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Optical Imaging ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Psychiatric Disease ◽  
Cerebral Haemodynamics ◽  
Time Resolved

Changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral metabolic rates (CMRO 2 ) have been used as indices for changes in neuronal activity. Near–infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) can also measure cerebral haemodynamics and metabolic changes, enabling the possible use of multichannel recording of NIRS for functional optical imaging of human brain activity. Spatio–temporal variations of brain regions were demonstrated during various mental tasks. Non–synchronous behaviour of cerebral haemodynamics during the neuronsl activation was observed. Gender– and handedness–dependent lateralization of the function between right and left hemispheres was demonstrated by simultaneous measurement using two NIR instruments during the mirror–drawing task. A lack of interhemispheric integration was observed with schizophrenic patients. These observations suggest an application for NIRS in psychiatric disease management, as an addition to clinical monitoring at the bedside. A time–resolved 64–channel optical imaging system was constructed. This consisted of three picosecond laser diodes and 64 channels of TAC and CFD systems. Image reconstruction for phantom model systems was performed. Time–resolved quantitative optical imaging will become real in the very near future.

scholarly journals Effects of the antibiotic rifaximin on cortical functional connectivity are mediated through insular cortex

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Sometti ◽  
Chiara Ballan ◽  
Huiying Wang ◽  
Christoph Braun ◽  
Paul Enck
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Insular Cortex ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Memory Processing ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Central Nervous System

AbstractIt is well-known that antibiotics affect commensal gut bacteria; however, only recently evidence accumulated that gut microbiota (GM) can influence the central nervous system functions. Preclinical animal studies have repeatedly highlighted the effects of antibiotics on brain activity; however, translational studies in humans are still missing. Here, we present a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study investigating the effects of 7 days intake of Rifaximin (non-absorbable antibiotic) on functional brain connectivity (fc) using magnetoencephalography. Sixteen healthy volunteers were tested before and after the treatment, during resting state (rs), and during a social stressor paradigm (Cyberball game—CBG), designed to elicit feelings of exclusion. Results confirm the hypothesis of an involvement of the insular cortex as a common node of different functional networks, thus suggesting its potential role as a central mediator of cortical fc alterations, following modifications of GM. Also, the Rifaximin group displayed lower connectivity in slow and fast beta bands (15 and 25 Hz) during rest, and higher connectivity in theta (7 Hz) during the inclusion condition of the CBG, compared with controls. Altogether these results indicate a modulation of Rifaximin on frequency-specific functional connectivity that could involve cognitive flexibility and memory processing.

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