Depressive Disorders in Alcohol use

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
C. Radut ◽  
A. Tiugan
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Open Study ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Short Time ◽  
The Relationship

Background:The relationship between alcohol usage, depressive psychopathological board represent a reality in psychiatric practice. The neurobiochemical layers of the two psychic pathologies are inter-correlated.The dopaminergic deficice, especially on the compensation path, for regulating the GABA-ergic and GLUTAMATE-ergic pathways, the serotoninergic and noradrenergic dysfunctions being present in both disorders.The amygdalae's anatomical circuit with the compensation paths (ventral segment and accumbens nuclei) represents the neurobiological substratum of comorbidity.Objective and methods:A retrospective, observational, open study was carried out in the period 2005 - 2007 on a lot of 200 male patients aged between 19 and 65 years, admitted in the clinic with the diagnosis “addiction disorder”, established according to the DSM IV-R criteria.Results:An depressive board associated with addiction disorder was observed in 140 patients from the studied lot.Conclusions:The alcohol use is induced by an depressive pathology, as the patients use alcohol as an anxiolytic and sedative.The depressive disorder overlapped on the symptomatology induced by alcohol use is frequently characterized by psychomotor restlessness and suicidal ideation.The depressive pathology is developed from the beginning of the addiction disorder or at a very short time after establishing a diagnosis, especially in the young patients.

scholarly journals Socio-economic inequalities in the association between alcohol-use disorder and depressive disorder among Thai adults: a population-based study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sawitri Assanangkornchai ◽  
Jiraluck Nontarak ◽  
Wichai Aekplakorn ◽  
Suwat Chariyalertsak ◽  
Pattapong Kessomboon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Dsm Iv

Abstract Purpose Previous evidence indicates significant associations between alcohol-use disorders (AUD) and depressive disorders and their strong links with social conditions. This study aims to investigate the association between AUD and major depressive episode (MDE) across various socio-economic groups. Methods Data from the 2014 Thai National Health Examination Survey was obtained containing a random sample of 13,177 adults aged > 20 years from the whole population. The Alcohol-Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) was used to classify respondents into non-problem, hazardous drinking (score 8-15) and harmful-dependent drinking (score 16-40). MDE was identified using questions based on the DSM-IV. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using logistic regression to determine the strength of associations. Results The prevalence of hazardous, harmful-dependent drinking and MDE was 10.3%, 1.9% and 2.5%, respectively. The association between MDE and AUD was modified by education level, wealth index and area of residence, with education having the largest effect (AOR=1.23, 95% CI: 0.55, 2.76 among those completing primary school only and AOR=15.19, 95% CI: 9.5, 24.29 among those completing secondary school or higher). Conclusion Socio-economic factors modify the association between alcohol-use disorder and depressive disorder among Thai people.

Influence of Depressive Disorder on Epilepsy Patients Life Quality

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
E. Suljic ◽  
A. Kucukalic ◽  
N. Loncarevic ◽  
A. Bravo-Mehmedbasic
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Hamilton Depression Scale ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
Clinical Center ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy

Introduction:Interictal depression as a co-morbid disorder can be seen among more than 40% of patients with epilepsy. Sex, epilepsy duration, type of seizures as well as applied antiepileptic drugs can cause development of depression which influence patient's life quality.Goal:To test relation between depressive disorders and patients sex, duration of illness, type of epileptic fits, antiepileptic therapy and life quality.Material and methods:Prospectively, randomly selected, we tested 300 patients with epilepsy, with or without depressive affective disorder at the Outpatient Department for Epilepsies at the Clinical Center Sarajevo. All patients answered Beck and Hamilton depression scale.Results:Baseline is consisded of male patients which made 54 % with the average age of 37.7 years, as well as female patients at average age 32.83 years. Depressive disorder according to the results at the Beck scale was present in 34%, and according to the Hamilton scale in 38.9%. Duration of illnesses longer than 20 years had 56% women with the expressed depressive disorder, compared to the 42% men's with depression (p< 0.01). Partial complex seizures were more often among women (p< 0.05). Carbamazepin as monotherapy was applied for more than a half of the baseline, and combined with carbamazepin significantly more frequently among men's (p< 0.0001), while female patients had significantly more often Lamotrigil.Conclusion:Depressive disorder is significantly more frequent among women with partial complex seizures, earlier epilepsy onset, and significantly more often on Phenobarbital therapy. Presence of depression with epilepsy significantly reduced patient's life quality.

Depression in Adults with Intellectual Disability. Part 2: A Pilot Study

1997 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian P. Davis ◽  
Fiona K. Judd ◽  
Helen Herrman
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Evaluation ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Standard Assessment ◽  
Core Measure ◽  
Dsm Iv

Objectives: To identify adults with intellectual disability (ID) with a depressive disorder referred to a tertiary consultation clinic for psychiatric assessment; to investigate common presenting features of depression in adults with ID; to assess the utility of visual analogue scale (VAS) measures of emotion/behaviour, the CORE measure of psychomotor disturbance, and substitutive diagnostic criteria in the assessment of depressive disorders in this patient group. Method: Over a 6-month period 47 patients were seen for psychiatric evaluation. Patients in whom a diagnosis of depression was made were further assessed using: VAS measures of depression, irritability, verbal aggression, physical aggression, temper outbursts, regressed behaviour; CORE measure of psychomotor disturbance; and substitutive diagnostic criteria designed by the authors. Results: Ten patients were found to have a depressive disorder. Substitutive criteria resulted in a greater rate of diagnosis than standard DSM-IV criteria. The VAS measure of irritability was highly scored for all 10 depressed patients. All 10 depressed patients were assigned to the melancholic subgroup according to CORE score. Conclusions: Standard assessment measures and diagnostic criteria may require modification to enhance their utility in this patient group. Melancholic features require further investigation.

Suicidal behaviour among primary-care patients with depressive disorders

2005 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. VUORILEHTO ◽  
T. K. MELARTIN ◽  
E. T. ISOMETSÄ
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Central Position ◽  
Primary Care Patients ◽  
Axis I

Background. Most national suicide prevention strategies set improved detection and management of depression in primary health care into a central position. However, suicidal behaviour among primary-care patients with depressive disorders has been seldom investigated.Method. In the Vantaa Primary Care Depression Study, a total of 1119 primary-care patients in the City of Vantaa, Finland, aged 20 to 69 years, were screened for depression with the Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders (PRIME-MD) questionnaire. Depressive disorders were diagnosed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I), and the 137 patients with depressive disorder were included in the study. Suicidal behaviour was investigated cross-sectionally and retrospectively in three time-frames: current, current depressive episode, and lifetime. Current suicidal ideation was measured with the Scale for Suicidal Ideation (SSI), and previous ideation and suicide attempts were evaluated based on interviews plus medical and psychiatric records.Results. Within their lifetimes, 37% (51/137) of the patients had seriously considered suicide and 17% (23/137) attempted it. Lifetime suicidal behaviour was independently and strongly predicted by psychiatric treatment history and co-morbid personality disorder, and suicidal behaviour within the current episode was predicted most effectively by severity of depression.Conclusions. Based on these findings and their convergence with studies of completed suicides, prevention of suicidal behaviour in primary care should probably focus more on high-risk subgroups of depressed patients, including those with moderate to severe major depressive disorder, personality disorder or a history of psychiatric care. Recognition of suicidal behaviour should be improved. The complex psychopathology of these patients in primary care needs to be considered in targeting preventive efforts.

scholarly journals Features of the relationship between severity of macrosocial maladaptation and anxiety-depressive symptoms in women with different genesis depressive disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 136-141
Author(s):  
R. I. Isakov
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Patient Population ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Endogenous Depression ◽  
Direct Association ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Pathological Anxiety

Background. The leading position in the structure of the pathology of the psyche today is convincingly held by depressive disorders. In recent years, the number of publications showing a combination of the frequency of depression and psychosocial maladaptation, which acts both as a derivative in the clinic of depressive disorders and as an independent phenomenon that provokes and aggravates their course, has increased. Objective – to study the correlation of the structure and severity of the manifestations of macrosocial maladaptation and anxiety-depressive symptoms in women with depressive disorders of various genesis, in order to further determine the targeted points for differentiated psychosocial rehabilitation of this patient population. Materials and methods. 252 women with a diagnosis of depressive disorder were examined: 94 women with depressive disorder of psychogenic genesis (F43.21), 83 women with endogenous depression, (F32.0, F32.1, F32.2, F32.3, F33.0, F33. 1, F33.2, F33.3, F31.3, F31.4, F31.5) and 75 women with depressive disorder of organic genesis (F06.3). According to the results of assessing the degree of macrosocial maladaptation, two groups were distinguished: women without signs of maladaptation were assigned to the first group (n=48); the second group (n=204) consisted women with identified signs of maladaptation. We used such research methods: clinical-psychopathological, psychodiagnostic, statistical. Results. The regularities between the genesis of depression and the severity of signs of macrosocial maladaptation and anxiety are established and described. Macrosocial maladaptation of various severity occurs in the vast majority of patients with depression of any genesis. The severity and variability of pathological anxiety is the lowest in women with psychogenic depression with no or mild macrosocial disadaptation, and high in severe maladaptation, meanwhile in patients with endogenous depression the severity of anxiety is highest with mild maladaptation and low with severe macrosocial maladaptation. Conclusions. The severity of macrosocial maladaptation does not demonstrate a direct association with the severity of depressive phenomena and a clear comparability with the genesis of depressive disorder. Anxiety is less dependent on the genesis of depression, and is more determined by the degree of maladaptation. Received data should be taken into account when developing diagnostic, treatment and rehabilitation measures for women with depressive disorders.

scholarly journals 6-Sulfatoxymelatonin predicts treatment response to fluoxetine in major depressive disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 204512531988192
Author(s):  
Juliana Jury Freitas ◽  
Nicóli Bertuol Xavier ◽  
André Comiran Tonon ◽  
Alicia Carissimi ◽  
Leandro Timm Pizutti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Serotonin Uptake ◽  
Antidepressant Response ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Illness Burden ◽  
Nocturnal Increase ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Care Costs

Background: To date, no biomarker has been able to predict antidepressant response at an early blockade of norepinephrine or serotonin uptake. The transient nocturnal increase in plasma melatonin levels is upregulated by blocking these uptakes. The aim of this study was to test whether fluoxetine increase in urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (aMT6s) is an indicator of serotonin uptake blockade. Methods: A total of 20 women (35–45 years of age) recruited from the community had a diagnosis of major depressive disorder confirmed by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV. Depressive symptoms were evaluated by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Participants were instructed to take 20 mg of fluoxetine every morning. Every 4 weeks, the dose could be increased by 20 mg until symptom remission. The concentration of aMT6s was evaluated in overnight urine samples collected 1 day before and 1 day after the first fluoxetine dose. Results: An increase in aMT6s correlated to a decrease in BDI score evaluated on day 45 (ρ = −0.67, p = 0.024) was observed. Conclusions: Nocturnal increase in urinary aMT6s after the first day of medication use links the early mechanism of action of fluoxetine to its clinical output 45 days later. Thus, the relationship between urinary aMT6s excretion 1 day before/1 day after is a biomarker for predicting clinical output earlier, reducing illness burden and health care costs.

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