P.3.a.036 Cognitive impairment: response to a depot antipsychotic in a South African first-episode psychosis cohort

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. S449
Author(s):  
R. Schoeman ◽  
P.P. Oosthuizen
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
South African ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
Depot Antipsychotic

scholarly journals Relationship between substance abuse and first-episode psychosis - a South African perspective

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Brink ◽  
Piet Oosthuizen ◽  
Robin Emsley ◽  
Irene Mbanga ◽  
Natasha Keyter
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
South African ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Onset ◽  
African Perspective

Background. Co-morbidity between substance abuse and psy- chotic disorders is high. Few studies have examined therelationship between first-episode psychosis and substance abuse. Several questions emerge from this common relationship and many of them remain unanswered.Objectives. To determine the effect of substance abuse on psychosis in terms of onset, duration, severity of symptoms, use of medication and outcome.Method. Thirty - three subjects with first-episode psychosis, as well as primary caregivers, were interviewed re g a rding substance abuse and its relation to illness. Thirty-six control subjects were also interv i e w e d .Results. Twenty-seven per cent of subjects abused substances in the 3 months before onset of illness, and 77.8% of the abusers w e re male. Subjects in the first-episode psychosis group were m o re likely to choose cannabis as their substance of abuse than c o n t rols. They also started abusing substances at a younger age than controls. Subjects with first-episode psychosis who abused substances presented at an earlier age than non-abusers. Substances affected symptoms at baseline presentation .Conclusions. Substance abuse has a significant impact on first- onset psychosis as far as age of onset and symptom severity are c o n c e rned. Subjects with an underlying vulnerability to psychosis seem to start abusing substances at an earlier age than the general population. Males are more likely to abuse substances than females.

scholarly journals PRIMER EPISODIO PSICÓTICO Y EL CONSUMO DE CANNABIS: ¿CUÁL ES EL IMPACTO EN LA COGNICIÓN?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria João Gonçalves ◽  
Rita André ◽  
Joana Romão ◽  
Rodrigo Saraiva ◽  
Gabriela Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Episode Psychosis

1.Objetivos: La prevalencia del trastorno por uso de cannabis (TUC) es <10% en la población general, llegando a 27,1% en la esquizofrenia. El 64% de personas con primer episodio psicótico (PEP) consumen cannabis, el 30% de los cuales presentan TUC. Los pacientes con diagnosis de PEP tienen mayor probabilidad de presentar consumo de cannabis de alta potencia (THC > 10%). Los déficits cognitivos en pacientes con esquizofrenia (con o sin consumo de cannabis) son determinantes para su funcionamiento, y parecen estar presentes desde el PEP. Revisar el conocimiento actual acerca de la asociación entre TUC y los déficits cognitivos en personas con PEP. 2.Material y métodos: Selección de artículos científicos publicados en los últimos 6 años; recerca en bases de datos utilizando la combinación de términos MeSH: “cannabis use”, “first-episode psychosis”y “cognitive impairment”. 3.Resultados y conclusiones: Los estudios desarrollados se han centrado en la relación entre el consumo de cannabis y cognición en PEP, con la evaluación de funciones neurocognitivas a registrar mayor afección en la atención, memoria verbal y funciones executivas. Sin embargo, algunos resultados han sido contradictorios debido a fatores como: heterogeneidad de cuadros clínicos (hay estudios con un enfoque en psicosis en general, incluyendo psicosis afectivas, mientras que otros se centran específicamente en esquizofrenia o PEP); El cannabis presenta tetrahidrocanabinol (THC) y canabidiol (CBD) que pueden tener efetos opuestos en la cognición. El THC tiene un efeto prejudicial y hay evidencia de que el CBD puede mejorar la cognición. Son necesarios nuevos estudios para evaluar la asociación entre el consumo de cannabis y disfunción cognitiva. Sin embargo, las muestras deben tener un tamaño significativo, uniformidad diagnostica y deben ser controlados los fatores confundentes en las variables evaluadas. Así, deben ser estudiadas las características diferenciales entre cuadros clínicos aisladamente para que los resultados pueden ser verificados y replicados.

White Matter Integrity and Cognitive Impairment in First-Episode Psychosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 167 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roc��o Pérez-Iglesias ◽  
Diana Tordesillas-Gutiérrez ◽  
Philip K. McGuire ◽  
Gareth J. Barker ◽  
Roberto Roiz-Santiañez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
White Matter ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Episode Psychosis

scholarly journals Prevalence, profile and associations of cognitive impairment in Ugandan first-episode psychosis patients

2022 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 100234
Author(s):  
Emmanuel K. Mwesiga ◽  
Reuben Robbins ◽  
Dickens Akena ◽  
Nastassja Koen ◽  
Juliet Nakku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Episode Psychosis

scholarly journals Spontaneous Parkinsonism Is Associated With Cognitive Impairment in Antipsychotic-Naive Patients With First-Episode Psychosis: A 6-Month Follow-up Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 1164-1173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel J. Cuesta ◽  
Ana M. Sánchez-Torres ◽  
Elena García de Jalón ◽  
Maria S. Campos ◽  
Berta Ibáñez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Episode Psychosis

Oxidative stress, inflammation and cognitive impairment in first psychotic patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 427-427
Author(s):  
M. Martínez-Cengotitabengoa ◽  
J.C. Leza ◽  
S. Alberich ◽  
S. Barbeito ◽  
R. González-Oliveros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
Activity Of Enzymes

IntroductionBoth oxidative stress and the inflammatory chemokine MCP-1 have been linked to the pathophysiology of certain mental illnesses such as psychosis. There are previous studies in rats and dogs suggesting that oxidative stress can cause cognitive impairment.ObjectivesTo correlate oxidative stress and the chemokine MCP-1 levels with cognitive impairment in first episode psychosis.Methods28 patients with first episode psychosis and 28 healthy controls matched by sex and age were included in the study, who were given a battery of neurocognitive tests and we determined their blood levels of lipid peroxidation (TBARS), nitric oxide, total antioxidant status (TAS), glutathione, activity of enzymes catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (cGPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the inflammatory chemokine MCP-1.ResultsHealthy controls had better TAS than patients and increased activity of enzymes cGPx and CAT.We found a statistically significant negative relationship between levels of MCP-1 and working memory, attention and verbal memory. At higher levels of chemokines, worse cognitive functioning in these areas.Verbal memory was also negatively related, in a meaningful way, with nitric oxide levels in blood.Likewise, we found that higher levels of glutathione correlated with better scores on the 3 tests performed of verbal fluency.ConclusionsIn patients with a PEP, levels of certain markers of oxidative stress and inflammation are associated with poorer cognitive functioning.

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