Integrated management of root knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica infecting tomato using organic materials and Paecilomyces lilacinus

1997 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.A. Khan ◽  
S.K. Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Organic Materials ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Paecilomyces Lilacinus ◽  
Root Knot Nematode

scholarly journals Mineral composition of beetroot treated with potential elicitors and inoculated with Meloidogyne javanica

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Juliana Grotto Débia ◽  
Beatriz Cervejeira Bolanho ◽  
Claudia Regina Dias-Arieira
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Nematode Population ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Cu Content ◽  
Manganese Zinc ◽  
Nematode Population Density ◽  
Elicitor Treatments

Abstract Background The root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica can infect beetroots, causing extensive damage to this food crop. As chemical and genetic control tactics have shown limited efficacy, new strategies are needed to improve the integrated management of this parasite. This study assessed the influence of potential defence elicitors and M. javanica infection on the mineral composition of beetroot. Plants were treated with acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM), citrus biomass, or a mannanoligosaccharide-based product (MOS) and inoculated with 1000 eggs and second-stage juveniles of M. javanica. At 60 days after inoculation, beetroot plants were harvested and evaluated for nematode population density, vegetative growth, and mineral content. Results All potential elicitors reduced nematode population density in beetroots (p ≤ 0.10) and improved the vegetative parameters of inoculated plants (p ≤ 0.05), except shoot fresh weight. Some minerals were found to be negatively affected by treatments, particularly calcium, whose levels were consistently lower in treated plants. On the other hand, M. javanica inoculation increased magnesium, iron, manganese, zinc, and copper contents in beetroots. However, the latter mineral (Cu content) of inoculated plants was positively influenced by MOS and ASM. Conclusion Potential elicitor treatments did not improve the mineral composition of beetroot, but were effective in reducing nematode population density. Plants inoculated with M. javanica had higher mineral levels. However, gall formation decreases the commercial value of the crop and might render it unsuitable for commercialisation. M. javanica-infected beetroots may be used for nutrient extraction or sold to food processing industries.

Variation in root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) in Crete in relation to control with resistant tomato and pepper

Nematology ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 499-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
EmmanueL A. Tzortzakakis ◽  
Vivian C. Blok ◽  
Mark S. Phillips ◽  
David L. Trudgill
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Management ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Founder Population ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Reproductive Ability ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
Mean Similarity ◽  
Very High

Abstract A targeted survey of vegetable production areas in Crete, Greece, showed that the majority of infestations of rootknot nematodes (RKN) were Meloidogyne javanica. M. incognita appeared to be limited to areas growing pepper that is a host for M. incognita but not for M. javanica. Tests with resistant tomato carrying the Mi gene showed that the M. incognita and the majority of the M. javanica populations were avirulent, and that virulent nematodes could not be selected from them. However, three populations of M. javanica, including some previously identified, were virulent. An AFLP study of the DNA from 22 populations of M. javanica produced 264 scorable amplification products and gave a very high mean similarity (99.4%) between populations, indicating that both virulent and avirulent populations probably derived from the same founder population. Mi-resistant tomato and pepper appear to have considerable utility in the integrated management of RKN in Crete, provided care is taken to monitor the species and virulence or reproductive ability of the nematode populations. Die Variation bei Wurzelgallennematoden (Meloidogyne spp.) auf Kreta in Bezug auf ihre Bekampfung mit resistenten Tomaten und Paprika - Eine gezielte Untersuchung von Gemuseanbaugebieten auf Kreta Griechenland, ergab, dass die Mehrzahl der von Wurzelgallennematoden (RKN) befallenen Flachen mit Meloidogyne javanica verseucht war. M. incognita was offentsichtlich auf Gebiete des Paprikaanbaus beschrankt. Paprika ist ein Wirt fur M. incognita aber nicht fur M. javanica . Versuche mit resistenten Tomaten, die das Mi-Gen besassen, zeigten, dass M. incognita und die Mehrzahl der Populationen von M. javanica avirulent waren, und dass aus ihnen keine virulenten Nematoden selektiert werden konnten. Drei Populationen von M. javanica, darunter schon einige schon vorher identifizierte, waren virulent. Eine AFLP-Untersuchung der DNA von 22 Populationen von M. javanica ergab 264 unterscheidbare Amplifikationsprodukte und zeigte eine hohe mittlere Ahnlichkeit (99,4%) zwischen den Populationen. Dies deutete daraufhin, das virulente and avirulente Populationen wahrscheinlich von der gleichen Grunderpopulation abstammten. Mi-resistente Tomaten und Paprika sind offensichtlich von betrachtlichen Nutzen bei der integrierten Bekampfung von RKN auf Kreta. Voraussetzung ist, dass die Arten und die Virulenz oder die Vermehrungsfahigkeit der Populationen sorgfalting festgestell werden.

The effect of organic compost of Caryocar brasiliense waste against Meloidogyne javanica in two vegetable crops

Nematology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Fabíola de J. Silva ◽  
Regina C.F. Ribeiro ◽  
Adelica A. Xavier ◽  
Vanessa A. Gomes ◽  
Paulo V.M. Pacheco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Control ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Tomato Roots ◽  
Crop Development ◽  
Caryocar Brasiliense ◽  
Organic Compost

Summary Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are responsible for various significant crop losses, which require taking integrated control measures. The present study aimed to identify a possible sustainable approach to the management of Meloidogyne javanica in vegetable crops using an organic compound based on pequi (Caryocar brasiliense) fruit residues. A pot experiment was conducted using cultivars of tomato and lettuce susceptible to M. javanica, with three amendments including inorganic fertiliser, cattle manure and five doses of organic compost with pequi residues. All treatments were inoculated with second-stage juveniles of M. javanica to simulate the root-knot nematode disease in field conditions. Increasing doses of organic compost with pequi residues from 5 kg m−3 to 30 kg m−3 promoted a significant decrease in the nematode population in both cultures evaluated. Organic compost (30 kg m−3) reduced the numbers of galls and eggs of M. javanica by 41.6 and 46.5% in tomato roots, and by 80.3 and 59.2% in lettuce roots, respectively, compared with non-treated control. Organic compost also increased crop development considerably. In general, there was a 43.0% increase in plant development compared to non-treated control. Hence, organic compost of pequi residues could be an alternative to toxic chemical nematicides and recommended as eco-friendly management of M. javanica in vegetable crops.

Compatibility of Pasteuria penetrans with fungal parasite Paecilomyces lilacinus against root knot nematode on Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.)

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
K.K. Chaudhary ◽  
R. K. Kaul
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nematode Population ◽  
Paecilomyces Lilacinus ◽  
Infested Soil ◽  
Pasteuria Penetrans ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Spore Culture

Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) crop is highly susceptible for the root knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita and every year this nematode causes great loss to the crop. The present study investigated the cumulative effect of two biocontrol agents viz. Pasteuria penetrans and Paecilomyces lilacinus against M. incognita. Two doses of P. penetrans i.e. 50g/Kg and 100g/Kg infested soil were applied either alone or in combination with two doses of P. lilacinus i.e. 4g spore culture/Kg and 6g spore culture/Kg of soil. Application of P. penetrans with P. lilacinus resulted into relatively better improvement in various growth attributes of chilli when compared with the individual application. Amongst the various treatments tested combined application with the higher dose of both bioagents (i.e. 100g P. penetrans infested soil with 6g of P. lilacinus/Kg) showed maximum improvement in fresh and dry weight of shoot and root over the nematode check and it was almost at par with that of the absolute check. The combined application of both the bioagents at higher dose resulted in 139 and 84% increase in dry weight of shoot and root over the nematode check respectively. The combined application of both the bioagents was also observed to cause higher reduction in gall number and nematode population than their individual application except for the treatment having lower dose of the P. penetrans with P. lilacinus where reduction in both the parameters was observed to be at par with that of the either dose of P. penetrans or higher dose of P. lilacinus. Combined application with higher dose of P. penetrans and P. lilacinus showed maximum reduction of 62.6 and 82.2% in gall numbers and nematode population over the nematode check.

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