Compatibility of Pasteuria penetrans with fungal parasite Paecilomyces lilacinus against root knot nematode on Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.)

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
K.K. Chaudhary ◽  
R. K. Kaul
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nematode Population ◽  
Paecilomyces Lilacinus ◽  
Infested Soil ◽  
Pasteuria Penetrans ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Spore Culture

Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) crop is highly susceptible for the root knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita and every year this nematode causes great loss to the crop. The present study investigated the cumulative effect of two biocontrol agents viz. Pasteuria penetrans and Paecilomyces lilacinus against M. incognita. Two doses of P. penetrans i.e. 50g/Kg and 100g/Kg infested soil were applied either alone or in combination with two doses of P. lilacinus i.e. 4g spore culture/Kg and 6g spore culture/Kg of soil. Application of P. penetrans with P. lilacinus resulted into relatively better improvement in various growth attributes of chilli when compared with the individual application. Amongst the various treatments tested combined application with the higher dose of both bioagents (i.e. 100g P. penetrans infested soil with 6g of P. lilacinus/Kg) showed maximum improvement in fresh and dry weight of shoot and root over the nematode check and it was almost at par with that of the absolute check. The combined application of both the bioagents at higher dose resulted in 139 and 84% increase in dry weight of shoot and root over the nematode check respectively. The combined application of both the bioagents was also observed to cause higher reduction in gall number and nematode population than their individual application except for the treatment having lower dose of the P. penetrans with P. lilacinus where reduction in both the parameters was observed to be at par with that of the either dose of P. penetrans or higher dose of P. lilacinus. Combined application with higher dose of P. penetrans and P. lilacinus showed maximum reduction of 62.6 and 82.2% in gall numbers and nematode population over the nematode check.

scholarly journals Effect of coffee silver skin and brewers’ spent grain in the control of root-knot nematodes

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Thligene ◽  
G. N. Mezzapesa ◽  
D. Mondelli ◽  
A. Trani ◽  
P. Veronico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
Nematode Population ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Initial Population ◽  
Infested Soil ◽  
Soil Nematode ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Industry Waste ◽  
Spent Grain

SummaryPlant parasitic nematodes (PPN) are important pests of numerous agricultural crops especially vegetables, able to cause remarkable yield losses correlated to soil nematode population densities at sowing or transplant. The concern on environmental risks, stemming from the use of chemical pesticides acting as nematicides, compels to their replacement with more sustainable pest control strategies. To verify the effect of aqueous extracts of the agro-industry waste coffee silverskin (CS) and brewers’ spent grain (BSG) on the widespread root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita, and on the physiology of tomato plants, a pot experiment was carried out in a glasshouse at 25 ± 2 °C. The possible phytotoxicity of CS and BSG extracts was assessed on garden cress seeds. Tomato plants (landrace of Apulia Region) were transplanted in an artificial nematode infested soil with an initial population density of 3.17 eggs and juveniles/mL soil. CS and BSG were applied at rates of 50 and 100 % (1L/pot). Untreated and Fenamiphos EC 240 (nematicide) (0.01 μL a.i./mL soil) treated plants were used as controls. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and chlorophyll content of tomato plants were estimated during the experiment. CS extract, at both doses, significantly reduced nematode population in comparison to the untreated control, although it was less effective than Fenamiphos. BSG extract did not reduce final nematode population compared to the control. Ten days after the first treatment, CS 100 %, BSG 50 % and BSG 100% elicited the highest ROS values, which considerably affected the growth of tomato plants in comparison to the untreated plants. The control of these pests is meeting with difficulties because of the current national and international regulations in force, which are limiting the use of synthetic nematicides. Therefore, CS extracts could assume economic relevance, as alternative products to be used in sustainable strategies for nematode management.

Effects of mycorrhizae, established from an existing intact hyphal network, on the growth response of capsicum (Capsicum annuum L.) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) to five rates of applied phosphorus

1999 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 223 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Olsen ◽  
J. T. Schaefer ◽  
D. G. Edwards ◽  
M. N. Hunter ◽  
V. J. Galea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Growth Medium ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Growth Depression ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill

The growth response of 2 vegetable crops to 5 rates of applied phosphorus (P)in the presence or absence of an existing network of extraradical mycorrhizalmycelium was determined in 2 greenhouse pot experiments (Expt 1, autumnwinter; Expt 2, summer autumn) using a low-P growth medium (6 or 5 mgNaHCO3-extractable P/kg for Expt 1 or 2,respectively). In both experiments, capsicum(Capsicum annuum L.) and tomato(Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) plants were grown at 0(P1 ), 9.2 (P2), 27.5(P3 ), 82.5 (P4 ), or 248(P5) mg P/kg oven-dry soil (spot-placed at sowing)within a nylon mesh (pore size 44 µm). The mesh excluded roots from theoriginal sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) host plants,to which either live (VAM+) or killed (VAM–) mycorrhizal[Glomus etunicatum Becker & Gerdemann andGlomus mosseae (Nicol. & Gerd.) Gerdemann & Trappe] inoculum was added at sowing. The mesh did allow fungal hyphae togrow into the growth medium contained by the mesh.Whereas VAM+ plants generally had higher P concentrations in indextissues than VAM– plants at low P rates, a concomitant increase in drymatter yield was restricted to the P1 rate. AtP1 in Expt 2, the increase in the dry weight of wholeplants as a result of VAM colonisation was as large as 91.7-fold and 17.9-foldfor capsicum and tomato, respectively. Root starch analysis indicated that thelower dry matter yields of VAM+ plants than of VAM– plants at≥P2 could be attributed to insufficient photosynthateproduction by VAM+ plants to meet the carbon (C) demand of both host andendophytes within the relatively low-light environment of the greenhouse(average daily solar irradiance of 8.4 MJ/m2 forExpt 1 and 13.4 MJ/m2 for Expt 2).The growth response of vegetable crops grown within the greenhouse fromcolonisation by an established mycorrhizal mycelium appears to depend on acritical balance of P and C supply; i.e. at P1, P wasmore limiting than C, and the increased uptake of P as a result ofcolonisation of plant roots by VAM resulted in a growth response. At higher Prates, C was more limiting than P due to low light in the greenhouse, and theadditional demand for photosynthate imposed by the endophytes on the hostresulted in a growth depression relative to non-mycorrhizal plants.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Jenis Mikoriza terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Beberapa Varietas Cabai Merah (Capsicum annuum L.) pada Tanah Andisol Lembah Seulawah Aceh Besar

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
Muhammad Irfan Kamal ◽  
Syamsuddin Syamsuddin ◽  
Syafruddin Syafruddin
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Glomus Mosseae ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Banda Aceh

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis mikoriza terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil beberapa varietas cabai merah di tanah Andisol. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Mei hingga Oktober 2019 di Kecamatan Lembah Seulawah, Kabupaten Aceh Besar dan Rumah Kaca Fakultas Pertanian lalu analisis dilakukan di Laboratorium Ilmu dan Teknologi Benih dan Laboratorium Fisiologi Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial 3 x 3 dengan 3 ulangan sehingga didapat 9 kombinasi perlakuan dengan 3 ulangan mencakup 27 unit percobaan. Faktor yang diteliti yaitu pupuk hayati jenis mikoriza yang terdiri dari 3 taraf (Glomus mosseae, Gigaspora sp. dan campuran antara Glomus mosseae and Gigaspora sp.) dan varietas yang terdiri dari 3 taraf (PM 999 F1, Lado F1, dan Perintis). Hasil penelitian ini adalah perlakuan jenis mikoriza berpengaruh terhadap parameter tinggi tanaman 15, 30 dan 45 HST, diameter batang 30 dan 45 HST, jumlah cabang produktif 60 HST, berat basah tanaman, berat kering tanaman, berat basah akar, berat kering akar, berat buah, panjang buah, jumlah buah, dan potensi hasil serta berpengaruh nyata terhadap diameter batang 15 HST dan persentase kolonisasi mikoriza. Effect of Mycorrhiza Type on Growth and Yields Several Varieties of Red Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) in Andisol Soil Seulawah Valley of Aceh Besar Abstract. This research aims to determine the effect of mycorrhiza type on the growth and yield several varieties of red chili on Andisol soil. This research was conducted from May to October 2019 in Lembah Seulawah District, Aceh Besar District and Greenhouse, and analysis was conducted at the Seed Science and Technology Laboratory and Plant Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh. Analysis of the data used in this study was 3 x 3 Factorial Randomized Block Design with 3 replications so that 9 treatment combinations were obtained with 3 replications covering 27 experimental units. Factors studied were mycorrhiza biofertilizers consisting of 3 levels (Glomus mosseae, Gigaspora sp. And a mixture of Glomus mosseae and Gigaspora sp.) and varieties consisting of 3 levels (PM 999 F1, Lado F1, and Perintis). The results of this study are the treatment of mycorrhiza type has a very significant effect on plant height parameters 15, 30 and 45 DAP, stem diameter 30 and 45 DAP, number of productive branches 60 DAP, plant wet weight, plant dry weight, root wet weight, root dry weight, fruit weight , fruit length, number of fruits, and yield potential and also have a significant effect on stem diameter 15 DAP and percentage of mycorrhiza colonization.

scholarly journals Analisis Kandungan Vitamin C dan β-Karoten Lada Katokon Toraja, Cabai Besar dan Cabai Keriting di Makassar

DEDIKASI ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Suhadiyah ◽  
Elis Tambaru ◽  
A. Masniawati
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Titration Method ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Β Carotene

Chili is one of the spices that are consumed by many Indonesians. It has several vitamins, one of which isvitamin C and ß-carotene is a pro-vitamin A which plays an important role in the formation of vitamin A. The studywas conducted in August 2018 and sampling from the regions Toraja and Malino. This study aims to determine thelevels of vitamin C in several types of chilli obtained by using iodine titration method and the levels of ß-caroteneby spectrophotometric method at a wavelength of 460-480 nm. The chili sample was first measuredmorphologically, weighed by base and dry weight and its water content. The test results showed vitamin C levels ofPepper Katokon Toraja Capsicum annuum L. Var. Sinensis is tested with seeds (0.129% / 10 g) and seedless(0.182% / 10 g). Large Chili Capsicum annuum L. Var. Abreviatum Fingerhuth was tested with seeds (0.220% / 10g) and seedless (0.223% / 10 g). Curly Chili Capsicum annuum L. Var. Longum sendt was tested with seeds(0.537% / 10 g) and seedless (0.592% / 10 g). Test results showed the levels of β-carotene Pepper Katokon TorajaCapsicum annuum L. Var. sinensis were tested with seeds (5.888mg / kg) and seedless (6.073mg / kg). Large ChiliCapsicum annuum L. Var. Abreviatum Fingerhuth was tested with seeds (5.529mg / kg) and seedless (6.338mg /kg). Curly Chili Capsicum annuum L. Var. Longum sendt was tested with seeds (6.655mg / kg) and seedless(6.942mg / kg). Conclusion The highest content of vitamin C and ß-carotene was found in Curly Chili Capsicumannuum L. Var. Longum sendt without seeds.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Disease Induced by Three Strains of Tobacco etch virus in Capsicum annuum L.

Plant Disease ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-223
Author(s):  
John F. Murphy ◽  
Tolulope Morawo
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Tobacco Etch Virus ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Healthy Control

Tobacco etch virus (TEV; genus Potyvirus) strains HAT, Mex21, and N were evaluated comparatively for their pathogenicity and effects on growth of Capsicum annuum L. ‘Calwonder’. Each TEV strain induced an initial systemic symptom of vein-clearing but subsequent disease symptoms ranged from mild (HAT) to moderate (Mex21) to severe (N). Effects on plant growth parameters closely reflected disease symptoms induced by each TEV strain. HAT-infected Calwonder plants did not differ from the healthy control for plant height, internode lengths, and aboveground fresh weight of shoots. Root dry weight, however, was less for HAT-infected plants than for the healthy control. Mex21 affected plants more severely, with significantly shorter plant height (at 20, 30, and 40 days postinoculation), reduced root dry weight, and shortened internodes compared with HAT and healthy control treatments. Aboveground fresh weight of Mex21-infected plants was significantly less than for the healthy control. N induced significant negative effects relative to each of the other treatments for plant height, aboveground shoot fresh weight, root dry weight, and internode lengths. The effects on Calwonder fruit production mimicked disease severity and effects on plant growth for the respective TEV strains.

Variations in germination and longevity of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) seeds harvested at different stages of maturation

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-162
Author(s):  
J. A. Oladiran ◽  
P. A. Kortse
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mother Plant ◽  
Fruit Maturation ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Maturation Stages ◽  
Days After Anthesis

Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) seeds of the cultivars Tatashe and Rodo, extracted from fruits sequentially harvested at different maturation stages, were tested for germinability (when freshly harvested) and longevity (over a period of about 17 weeks). Seed dry weight increased with fruit maturation and was maximum when the fruits turned red-ripe. Over-ripening of the fruits for 10 days on the mother plant did not result in a significant seed weight increase, signifying that the seeds were already fully filled when the fruits turned red-ripe. The seeds of the two cultivars started germinating as from 28 days after anthesis (DAA) and peaked at 71.5% and 40% for Tatashe and Rodo respectively, at 44 DAA. The viability of the seeds of Tatashe declined as storage progressed and the more mature the seeds were, the longer they survived. In Rodo, seed viability increased till the end of the storage period due to dormancy, which became progressively broken with age; seeds from more mature fruits survived better. In a second experiment, when fruits of Tatashe were harvested at the colour breaking, red-ripe and over-ripe stages, seed viability and longevity were best from over-ripe fruits.

scholarly journals Biological and chemical control of nematodes in Capsicum annuum L.

1969 ◽  
Vol 76 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 171-176
Author(s):  
Nydia E. Vicente ◽  
Nelia Acosta
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Nematode Population ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L

A field experiment was conducted at the Isabela substation. The objective of the study was to compare the effect of the fungus P. lilacinus (added 1 week before planting or at planting) and the nematicide carbofuran (1X or 2X) on yields of pepper and on the population fevels of M. incognita and R. reniformis. Significantly more and heavier fruits were obtained from fungus (1 week before planting)-and carbofuran 2X-treated plots than from the check. A similar trend was observed in the nematode population dynamics; although the percentage of nematode reduction was high in all treated plots, it was higher in those treated with the fungus 1 week before planting and with carbofuran 2X.

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