Simple Rule Predicts C. difficile Recurrence

2009 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
ROBERT FINN
Keyword(s):  
Entropy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lazaros Moysis ◽  
Christos Volos ◽  
Sajad Jafari ◽  
Jesus M. Munoz-Pacheco ◽  
Jacques Kengne ◽  
...  

A modification of the classic logistic map is proposed, using fuzzy triangular numbers. The resulting map is analysed through its Lyapunov exponent (LE) and bifurcation diagrams. It shows higher complexity compared to the classic logistic map and showcases phenomena, like antimonotonicity and crisis. The map is then applied to the problem of pseudo random bit generation, using a simple rule to generate the bit sequence. The resulting random bit generator (RBG) successfully passes the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) statistical tests, and it is then successfully applied to the problem of image encryption.


2011 ◽  
Vol 58-60 ◽  
pp. 1860-1865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Lukas ◽  
Arnold Aribowo ◽  
Steven Christian Halim

Shikaku is a logic puzzle published by Nikoli at 2005. Shikaku has a very simple rule. This puzzle is played on a rectangular grid. Some of the squares in the grid are numbered. The main objective is to create partitions inside the grid. Each partition must have exactly one number, and the number represents the area of the partition. Then the partition’s shape must be a rectangular or a square. The aim of this research is discussing how can computer software be able to solve the Shikaku problem by implementing heuristic technique and genetics algorithms. Initially the Shikaku problem is inputted into the system. Firstly, the software will solve the problem by applying heuristics methods with some logic rules. All logic rules are created and implemented into the software so that the software can minimize the partitions possibilities to the problem. If this heuristics method still can not solve the problem then genetic algorithms will be executed to find the solution. This paper elaborates from how the problem be modelled and also be implemented until software testing to ensure that the solver worked as expected. The implementation consists of a virtual puzzle board with three different size, genetic algorithms parameters, and ability to create, save, load, and solve puzzle. Software testing is conducted to find how fast the system can solve the problem.


2003 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 129-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Gómez-Torrente

Quotation marks are ambiguous, although the conventional rules that govern their different uses are similar in that they contain quantifications over quotable expressions. Pure uses are governed by a simple rule: by enclosing any expression within quotation marks one gets a singular term, the quotation, that stands for the enclosed expression. Impure uses are far less simple. In a series of uses the quotation marks conventionally indicate that (part of) the enclosed expression is a contextually appropriate version of expressions uttered by some relevant agent. When the quotation marks have this meaning, it is tempting to think of them as contributing that indication to the truth-conditional content of the utterance. I adopt a cautious attitude towards this hypothesis, for the evidence in its favor is inconclusive. In other uses the quotation marks conventionally indicate that the enclosed expression should be used not “plainly” but in some broadly speaking “distanced” way, or that it is being so used by the utterer, and typically context makes clear the exact nature of the “distance” at stake. In these cases the quotation marks do not even appear to contribute that indication to the truth-conditional content of the utterance.


2004 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haodi Feng ◽  
Kang Chen ◽  
Xiaotie Deng ◽  
Weimin Zheng

We are interested in the problem of word extraction from Chinese text collections. We define a word to be a meaningful string composed of several Chinese characters. For example, ‘percent’, and, ‘more and more’, are not recognized as traditional Chinese words from the viewpoint of some people. However, in our work, they are words because they are very widely used and have specific meanings. We start with the viewpoint that a word is a distinguished linguistic entity that can be used in many different language environments. We consider the characters that are directly before a string (predecessors) and the characters that are directly after a string (successors) as important factors for determining the independence of the string. We call such characters accessors of the string, consider the number of distinct predecessors and successors of a string in a large corpus (TREC 5 and TREC 6 documents), and use them as the measurement of the context independency of a string from the rest of the sentences in the document. Our experiments confirm our hypothesis and show that this simple rule gives quite good results for Chinese word extraction and is comparable to, and for long words outperforms, other iterative methods.


1998 ◽  
Vol 63 (13) ◽  
pp. 4449-4458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiko Yamamoto ◽  
Hiroshi Ogura ◽  
Jun-ichi Jukuta ◽  
Hiroko Inoue ◽  
Kazuhiro Hamada ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
D. W. Babbage

The following paper arises from a remark in a recent paper by Professor Baker. In that paper he gives a simple rule, under which a rational surface has a multiple line, expressed in terms of the system of plane curves which represent the prime sections of the surface. The rule is that, if one system of representing curves is given by an equation of the formthe surface being given, in space (x0, x1,…, xr), by the equationsthen the surface contains the linecorresponding to the curve φ = 0; and if the curve φ = 0 has genus q, this line is of multiplicity q + 1.


2014 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 39-53
Author(s):  
Anthony J. Leggett

The main guiding principles I have used are the following. First, it is much more important that the English written by Japanese authors be clear and easily readable than that it be elegant. Therefore, in a situation where there is a choice between an elegant form of expression which, however, may easily lead to confusion if misused and a less elegant but practically "foolproof" one, I have never hesitated to recommend the latter. Secondly, the importance of avoiding a mistake is roughly proportional to the amount of misunderstanding it may entail and/or the amount of psychological "wear and tear" it may cause on the reader's nerves. Accordingly, I have spent a good deal of space on "macroscopic" points like sentence construction, and proportionately less on "microscopic" ones like the correct use of "a" and "the"; prepositions, which most Japanese writers seem to consider a major point of difficulty in writing English, I have scarcely mentioned, not only because this is the sort of point for which one can easily refer to dictionaries but because I believe the reader can usually correct any mistakes for himself with very little mental effort. Thirdly, the usefulness of a set of notes such as this is much reduced if the rules given become too complicated. Therefore, rather than give a complicated set of rules which would ensure correctness 100% of the time, I have often preferred to give a simple rule which will be right 95% of the time, provided that in the other 5% of cases, it is unlikely to lead to confusion. I do not claim that anyone who tries to follow the advice given here will write beautiful or even invariably correct English; but I hope that what he writes will be clear and readable and that any mistakes he does make will be minor ones.


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