PIN37 A COMPREHENSIVE NATURAL HISTORY MODEL OF HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS (HPV) INFECTION AND CERVICAL CANCER: POTENTIAL IMPACT OF AN HPV 16/18 VACCINE

ABSTRACT: Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is considered a necessary causative agent for developing oropharyngeal, anal and cervical cancer. Among women in Ecuadorian population, cervical cancer ranks as the second most common gynecological cancer. Not many studies about HPV burden have been published in Ecuador, and genotypes distribution has not been established yet. The little data available suggest the presence of other genotypes different than 16 and 18. Objectives: In the present study, we attempt to estimate the prevalence of HPV 16, HPV 18 and other 35 genotypes among Ecuadorian women undergoing cervical cancer screening. The overall prevalence of HPV infection was also estimated. Methods: Routine cervical samples were analyzed using Linear Array(r) HPV Genotyping test (Roche). Results: A total of 1,581 cervical samples obtained from Ecuadorian women undergoing cervical cancer screening were included in this study. HPV DNA was detected in 689 cervical samples (43.58%). Of these samples, 604 (38.20%) were positive for a single HPV genotype, while another 85 (5.37%) samples were positive for multiple HPV types. Genotype 16 (5.50%) resulted in the most frequently detected type in both single and multiple infections. HPV 33 (4.55%) and HPV 11 (3.80%) occupied the second and the third place in frequency among all detected genotypes. Conclusions: Viral genotypes different from HPV 16 and HPV 18 are frequently detected among Ecuadorian women. The overall prevalence of HPV resulted higher than the one reported in other South American countries with a greater burden in the second and third decades of life.

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Human Papillomavirus (Hpv) Typing in Relation to ras Oncogene mRNA Expression in HPV-Associated Human Squamous Cervical Neoplasia

The International Journal of Biological Markers ◽

10.1177/172460080502000409 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 257-263 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

I.N. Mammas ◽

A. Zafiropoulos ◽

S. Sifakis ◽

G. Sourvinos ◽

D.A. Spandidos

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Cervical Neoplasia ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Hpv 16 ◽

Expression Levels ◽

Hpv Typing ◽

Polymerase Chain

Objective Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been identified as the principal etiologic agent for cervical cancer and its precursors. Different HPV types have been associated with different oncogenic potential. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between specific HPV type infection and expression pattern of the ras family oncogenes in different grades of HPV-associated human cervical neoplasia. Methods HPV typing was performed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 31 HPV-positive human cervical specimens from patients with squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) or squamous cervical carcinoma (SCC). The mRNA expression levels of H-, K- and N-ras oncogenes were examined using the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software. Results Among patients with SCC, H-, K- and N-ras expression levels were higher in HPV 16/18-associated cases compared to HPV 16/18-unassociated samples (p=0.003, p=0.004 and p=0.0001, respectively). The expression levels for H-, K-and N-ras were significantly higher in SCC patients with multiple HPV infection compared with SCC patients with single HPV infection (p=0.009, p=0.01 and p=0.021, respectively). Among patients with SIL, no statistically significant relationship was found between ras expression and HPV status. Conclusion Our findings indicate the possible role of ras signaling interaction with “high-risk” HPV 16/18 and multiple HPV infection in cervical cancer development.

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Unresolved questions concerning human papillomavirus infection and transmission: a modelling perspective

Sexual Health ◽

10.1071/sh10006 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 368 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

David G. Regan ◽

David J. Philp ◽

Edward K. Waters

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Health Policy ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Acquired Immunity ◽

Knowledge Gaps ◽

Human Papillomavirus Infection ◽

Papillomavirus Infection ◽

Potential Impact ◽

Transmission Models

Mathematical transmission models are widely used to forecast the potential impact of interventions such as vaccination and to inform the development of health policy. Effective vaccines are now available for the prevention of cervical cancer and other diseases attributable to human papillomavirus (HPV). Considerable uncertainties remain regarding the characterisation of HPV infection and its sequelae, infectivity, and both vaccine-conferred and naturally-acquired immunity. In this review, we discuss the key knowledge gaps that impact on our ability to develop accurate models of HPV transmission and vaccination.

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Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus Infection and Cervical Cancer Screening among Riverside Women of the Brazilian Amazon

Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia / RBGO Gynecology and Obstetrics ◽

10.1055/s-0037-1604027 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 39 (07) ◽

pp. 350-357 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Daniel Duarte ◽

Rodrigo Vieira ◽

Elza Brito ◽

Maria Pinheiro ◽

Jeniffer Monteiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cervical Cancer ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Low Income ◽

Pap Test ◽

Brazilian Amazon ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Cervical Lesions ◽

Hpv 16 ◽

Hpv 18

Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the overall and type-specific prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among females living in riverside communities in the state of Pará, in the Eastern Brazilian Amazon. These communities are inhabited by low-income people, and are accessible only by small boats. Cervical cytology and risk factors for HPV infection were also assessed. Methods Cervical samples from 353 women of selected communities were collected both for Papanicolau (Pap) test and HPV detection. Conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time PCR were used to assess the overall and type-specific prevalence of HPV-16 and HPV-18, the main oncogenic types worldwide. Epidemiological questionnaires were used for the assessment of the risk factors for HPV infection. Results The mean age of the participants was 37 years (standard deviation [SD] ± 13.7). Most were married or with a fixed sexual partner (79%), and had a low educational level (80%) and family monthly income (< U$ 250; 53%). Overall, HPV prevalence was 16.4% (n = 58), with 8 cases of HPV-16 (2.3%) and 5 of HPV-18 (1.4%). Almost 70% of the women surveyed had never undergone the Pap test. Abnormal cytology results were found in 27.5% (n = 97) of the samples, with higher rates of HPV infection according to the severity of the lesions (p = 0.026). Conclusions The infections by HPV-16 and HPV-18 were not predominant in our study, despite the high prevalence of overall HPV infection. Nevertheless, the oncogenic potential of these types and the low coverage of the Pap test among women from riverside communities demonstrate a potential risk for the development of cervical lesions and their progression to cervical cancer, since the access to these communities is difficult and, in most cases, these women do not have access to primary care and public health services.

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Detection Rates of Human Papillomavirus Associated with Cervical Cancer in Women of Nizhny Novgorod

ЗДОРОВЬЕ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ И СРЕДА ОБИТАНИЯ - ЗНиСО / PUBLIC HEALTH AND LIFE ENVIRONMENT ◽

10.35627/2219-5238/2020-324-3-44-47 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 44-47

Author(s):

NF Brusnigina ◽

MA Makhova ◽

OM Chernevskaya ◽

KA Orlova ◽

EA Kolesnikova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

High Risk ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Human Papillomaviruses ◽

Hpv 16 ◽

Detection Rates ◽

High Risk Hpv ◽

Incident Cases ◽

Oncogenic Hpv

The purpose of the study was to assess detection rates of human papillomavirus in cervical cancer cases of Nizhny Novgorod. Materials and methods. We used the real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to test samples of mucosa lining of the cervical canal and/or transformation zone taken from 630 women with cervical dysplasia of different degrees and 107 incident cases of cervical cancer that did not undergo treatment. The detection and differentiation of 14 genotypes of high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPV) was carried out using the AmpliSens® HPV HCR-genotype-FRT PRC kit. Results. The overall infection rate of women with oncogenic human papillomaviruses was 41.8%. Among the genotypes, HPV 16 (39.2%), 18 (15.5%), 33 (16.6%), and 56 (11.9%) predominated. A high prevalence of oncogenic HPV was detected in the women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (58.1%) and cervical cancer (90%). The spectrum of genotypes in women with neoplasia of various degrees differed. In women with CIN II and CIN III, vaccine-preventable HPV genotypes (HPV 16 and 18) playing the leading role in the development of cervical cancer were the most frequent. The same genotypes dominated in the women with invasive cervical cancer. One oncogenic HPV genotype was usually found in the infected women (69%). The high-risk HPV infection was often combined with Ureaplasma ssp (49.3%), Mycoplasma hominis (20.1%), Cytomegalovirus (21.1%), and Herpes simplex I/II (18.2%) infections. Combinations of high-risk HPV with Chlamydia trachomatis and Herpes 6 were found in 8.3% and 5% of the cases, respectively. Conclusions. Our findings proved a wide prevalence of high carcinogenic risk HPV 16 and 18 genotypes, thus indicating the expediency of using Cervarix and Gardasil vaccines registered in the Russian Federation and containing antigens to these types of virus for specific prevention of the HPV infection.

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Oestrogen and progesterone increase the levels of apoptosis induced by the human papillomavirus type 16 E2 and E7 proteins

Journal of General Virology ◽

10.1099/0022-1317-82-1-201 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 82 (1) ◽

pp. 201-213 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Kenneth Webster ◽

Anna Taylor ◽

Kevin Gaston

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Cell Death ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Steroid Hormones ◽

Apoptotic Cell ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Viral Gene ◽

Hpv 16 ◽

Transformed Cell Lines ◽

E7 Proteins

Human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 infects the genital tract and is generally acknowledged to be a causative agent of cervical cancer. HPV infection alone is not sufficient to induce cervical cancer and other factors such as steroid hormones are thought to play a role in the establishment and/or progression of this disease. The HPV-16 E2 protein is required for virus replication and modulates viral gene expression whereas the HPV-16 E7 protein is required for cell transformation. We and others have shown that both the E2 and E7 proteins can induce apoptotic cell death in HPV-transformed and non-HPV transformed cell lines. Here we show that the steroid hormones oestrogen and progesterone can both increase the levels of E2- and E7-induced apoptosis. The oestrogen metabolite 16α-hydroxyoestrone also increases E2- and E7-induced cell death and the dietary component indole-3-carbinol, which reduces the formation of 16α-hydroxyoestrone from oestrogen, blocks the effects of oestrogen. Thus the metabolism of oestrogen to 16α-hydroxyoestrone appears to be required for the effects of this hormone on E2- and E7-induced cell death. We also show that the oestrogen receptor antagonist 3-hydroxytamoxifen blocks the effects of oestrogen on E2- and E7-induced cell death, whereas the anti-progesterone RU486 blocks the effects of both progesterone and oestrogen. We discuss these results in terms of the origin and progression of cervical cancer.

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Molecular detection of oncogenic subtypes of human papillomavirus (HPV) in a group of women in the Amazon region of Brazil

Acta Scientiarum Health Sciences ◽

10.4025/actascihealthsci.v42i1.50005 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

pp. e50005

Author(s):

Alessandra Silva e Silva ◽

Cláudia Giuliano Bica ◽

Aniúsca Vieira ◽

Cleiton Fantin

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Genetic Material ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Cervical Cancer Prevention ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Hpv 16 ◽

Hpv Dna ◽

Human Papillomavirus 16 ◽

Hpv 18

The natural history of cervical cancer is strongly related to the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, with its relationship with cervical cancer being a matter of concern. It is estimated that 70% of all cervical cancers worldwide are caused by HPV 16 and 18. Accordingly, the present study aimed to contribute to the identification of HPV subtypes circulating in a group of women of Manaus-Brazil. Cervical samples were collected from 49 women, following the eligibility criteria of the study, and DNA was then extracted from the samples, which were analyzed for the presence of the virus in the genetic material through the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using generic primers (GP05/06). Finally, identification of the viral subtypes was performed using specific primers for the detection of the main subtypes already examined (16 and 18). Positive HPV DNA was detected in 100% of the samples included in the study. Human papillomavirus 16 was the most prevalent subtype in the majority of lesions, accounting for 29 (59.2%) of the positive cases, and HPV 18 was detected in four (8.2%) women. In these 4 cases there was co-infection, with the presence of both HPV 18 and HPV 16. Therefore, 40.8% (20 cases) in which HPV DNA was detected presented infection with other subtypes of HPV not included in the study. This data has clinical implications related to cervical cancer prevention, as the current prophylactic HPV vaccines are only effective against high-risk HPV 16 and 18 subtypes.

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Prevalence of human papillomavirus genotype among Moroccan women during a local screening program

The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries ◽

10.3855/jidc.781 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 4 (11) ◽

pp. 732-739 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Zaitouna Alhamany ◽

Mohammed El Mzibri ◽

Aicha Kharbach ◽

Abderrahman Malihy ◽

Redouane Abouqal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Dna Testing ◽

Cervical Lesions ◽

Abnormal Cytology ◽

Hpv 16 ◽

Hpv Dna ◽

Hpv Dna Testing ◽

Moroccan Women

Introduction: Many studies have indicated a causal relationship between genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and cervical cancer. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and genotypes of six high-risk oncogenic human papillomaviruses in cervical lesions from Moroccan women with normal and abnormal cytology. Methodology: The study included 938 women from the Children's and Mothers' Pathology Department of Ibn Sina Hospital, Rabat. Cytopathology examination was done by routine PAP smear testing. HPV DNA testing was conducted using DNA amplification by Polymerase Chain Reaction with subsequent typing by hybridization with specific probes for HPV types 16, 18, 31, 33, 35 and 45. Results: Cytopathology testing showed that only 16.3 % had an abnormal cytology, with a predominance of atypical squamous cell of undetermined significance (ASCUS) cases. The overall HPV prevalence was 15.7%. According to the cytology results, HPV infection was detected in 15.8% of normal and 14.38% of abnormal cases. Specific HPV genotyping showed a predominance of HPV 16 and 18. Double infection (HPV 16 + 18) was found in two cases whereas multiple infections (HPV 16+18+31) were detected in only one case. Evaluation of the relationship between HPV status and some environmental risk factors, including individual, socio-economic, and hygiene status, showed a significant association between HPV infection and oral contraceptive use. Conclusion: Based on these data, a combination of cytology and HPV DNA testing allows for identification of patients with a high risk of developing high-grade cervical lesions and improves cervical cancer prevention.

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