PHP16 A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF GENERIC DRUG ENTRY IN THE UNITED STATES: 1991–2008

In the Transactions of the Edinburgh Geological Society (vol. x, 1912, p. 49, pl. v, f. 8) I gave a figure of an Ichthyocrinid which occurred in No. 1 Bed, Invertiel, along with other members of the family, all of which were referred to ? Forbesiocrinus. In the spring of 1913 I had the pleasure of sending my specimens of flexible crinoids to the eminent crinoid authority, Dr. Frank Springer, of the United States Museum, Washington, who was then engaged on a comprehensive study of the group. For some reason or other I did not forward this particular specimen, probably because I did not think it well enough preserved (No. 939, Fig. 3 of present paper). The other Ichthyocrinids from Invertiel were referred by Springer to his new species Amphicrinus scoticus. It so happens that No. 939 was the only specimen of its kind which I had at that time cleaned and mounted in my collection, although as the sequel will show it is evident that I had found several others in the field, but had erroneously laid them aside as Amphicrinus scoticus. This is a mistake which could easily be made, since I was not then fully aware of the special characters which distinguished A. scoticus.

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Media in the Middle East

American Journal of Islam and Society ◽

10.35632/ajis.v13i2.2323 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 275-278

Author(s):

Abdelwahab El-Affendi

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Middle East ◽

Mass Media ◽

The United States ◽

Arab Countries ◽

Hard Work ◽

Lack Of Information ◽

The Media ◽

Media Systems ◽

Comprehensive Study

As evidenced by its subtitle, this book is a mighty ambitious work. Theeditors, recognizing the "woeful lack of information on the [Middle East's]media systems," present the book as "the first comprehensive study of thestructure and functions of the mass media in the Middle East." And it tooka lot of hard work, being the "culmination of more than two years ofresearch and writing by 32 mass media scholars from across the MiddleEast and the United States."The books covers twenty-one countries. The Middle East is definedhere as most Arab countries (Morocco, Sudan, Yemen, and Somalia wereleft out) plus Iran, Turkey, Israel, Pakistan, and Afghanistan.There is no question that a serious gap in information exists in the areathe book attempts to cover. It is also safe to say that the researchersinvolved did a great job, assembling in one volume a wealth of infomiationon the structure of the media in the Middle East. One can at a glance gleanup-to-date information about what publications are produced in each country,who owns them, what radio and television channels are available, whattimes they broadcast, what regulations exist, and how the media fit in thefuller picture ...

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Comparing Generic Drug Markets in Europe and the United States: Prices, Volumes, and Spending

Milbank Quarterly ◽

10.1111/1468-0009.12279 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 95 (3) ◽

pp. 554-601 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

OLIVIER J. WOUTERS ◽

PANOS G. KANAVOS ◽

MARTIN McKEE

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Generic Drug ◽

The United States ◽

Drug Markets

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Generic Drug Utilization Among The Elderly With Multiple Chronic Conditions In The United States

Value in Health ◽

10.1016/j.jval.2016.09.604 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 19 (7) ◽

pp. A451

Author(s):

Y Xu

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Drug Utilization ◽

Generic Drug ◽

Chronic Conditions ◽

The Elderly ◽

The United States ◽

Multiple Chronic Conditions

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Assessment of Generic Drug Discount Programs Offered by Large Chain Pharmacies in the United States

Journal of Generic Medicines The Business Journal for the Generic Medicines Sector ◽

10.1057/jgm.2009.24 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 363-368 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Nilanjana Dwibedi ◽

Sujit S. Sansgiry

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Health Care ◽

Health Care Costs ◽

Generic Drug ◽

Generic Drugs ◽

The United States ◽

Drug Classes ◽

Similarities And Differences ◽

Care Costs

The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare various Generic Drug Discount Programs (GDDPs) offered by large chain pharmacies in the United States to understand similarities and differences within them. Data collected included questions such as whether the pharmacy offered any GDDP, discounted amount, total number of generic drugs and drug classes included in the GDDP, and whether the discounted amount was differentiated by the term ‘insured’ or ‘uninsured’. Comparison of GDDPs was conducted by matching drugs covered under each GDDP with top-100 generics consumed in the United States in 2007. Of the 37 pharmacies evaluated, 22 offered GDDPs. GDDP offered by Pathmark pharmacy contributed the highest number of top-100 drugs both in dollar amounts and in number of units sold. In conclusion, more than half of the large chain pharmacies in the United States offered some form of GDDPs, which were different across pharmacies. These GDDPs offered consumers an option to reduce their health-care costs. Most programs varied by number of drugs covered, days' supply, enrollment requirements and the discounted amounts for generic drugs.

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Staining Rubber in Ground or Milled Plant Tissues

Rubber Chemistry and Technology ◽

10.5254/1.3543197 ◽

1945 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 208-211

Author(s):

Ferdinand W. Haasis

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

The United States ◽

Chemical Extraction ◽

Plant Tissues ◽

United States Department ◽

Rubber Content ◽

Department Of Agriculture ◽

States Department ◽

Comprehensive Study

Abstract Accessory to a comprehensive study of guayule production now under way by the United States Department of Agriculture is an analysis of the rubber content of plants of various strains and ages grown under diverse environmental conditions. This analysis is currently made by chemical extraction of the rubber from finely ground tissues by a method based on that described by Spence and Caldwell. This method consists of a number of distinct steps, and it is part of the program to test possible variants of these steps. As a check on the effectiveness of such tentative modifications, the ground samples are examined microscopically, especially the spent charges remaining after extraction.

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