S48-1 Differential function of fronto-parietal network in mental operation

This paper reports sophistication levels in third grade children’s understanding of polygon concept and polygon classes. We consider how children endow mathematical meaning to parts of figures and reason to identify relationships between polygons. We describe four levels of sophistication in children’s thinking as they consider a figure as an example of a polygon class through spatial structuring (the mental operation of building an organization for a set of figures). These levels are: (i) partial structuring of polygon concept; (ii) global structuring of polygon concept; (iii) partial structuring of polygon classes; and (iv) global structuring of polygon classes. These levels detail how cognitive apprehensions, dimensional deconstruction, and the use of mathematical language intervene in the mental process of spatial structuring in the understanding of the classes of polygons.

Download Full-text

On the likelihood of 'encapsulating all uncertainty'

10.31234/osf.io/suf8p ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Kristy Martire ◽

Danielle Navarro ◽

Gary Edmond ◽

Ben R Newell

Keyword(s):

Likelihood Ratio ◽

Human Memory ◽

Minimum Information ◽

Mental Operation

The assignment of personal probabilities to form a forensic practitioner's likelihood ratio is a mental operation subject to all the frailties of human memory, perception and judgment. While we agree that beliefs expressed as coherent probabilities are neither ‘right’ nor ‘wrong’ we argue that debate over this fact obscures both the requirement for and consideration of the ‘helpfulness’ of practitioner's opinayesions. We also question the extent to which a likelihood ratio based on personal probabilities can realistically be expected to ‘encapsulate all uncertainty’. Courts cannot rigorously assess a forensic practitioner's bare assertions of belief regarding evidential strength. At a minimum, information regarding the uncertainty both within and between the opinions of practitioners is required.

Download Full-text

2214 AN ELLIPSOID MODEL OF THE KIDNEY CALCULATED FROM MULTIDETECTOR COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY PREDICTS DIFFERENTIAL FUNCTION IN LIVING RELATED DONORS

The Journal of Urology ◽

10.1016/j.juro.2011.02.2454 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 185 (4S) ◽

Author(s):

John Henderson ◽

Maitham Moslim ◽

Matthew Knox ◽

Nigel Cowan

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Multidetector Computed Tomography ◽

Differential Function ◽

Living Related

Download Full-text

Differential function of the phosphoglucomutase isozymes PGM1 and PGM2

Human Genetics ◽

10.1007/bf00295595 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 93-100 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

W. Beck

Keyword(s):

Differential Function

Download Full-text

Elliptic coordination

Cognitive Linguistics ◽

10.1515/cog-2012-0017 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 555-599 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Ronald W. Langacker,

Keyword(s):

Time Scales ◽

Cognitive Grammar ◽

Differential Function ◽

Active Content ◽

Special Case ◽

Different Time Scales

AbstractProposals are made to expand and refine previous analyses of coordination in Cognitive Grammar. The account presupposes a number of general notions established independently: (i) flexible symbolic assemblies (rather than constituency) as the basis for describing grammar; (ii) a dynamic view of structure (as patterns of activity occurring in windows of attention on different time scales); (iii) a metaphor involving access, activation, and conceptual overlap (to complement the standard compositional metaphor); and (iv) various kinds of abstraction (including schematicity, the type/instance distinction, and the invocation of virtual entities). Coordination is characterized as the mental juxtaposition of entities conceived as being analogous. These notions are first employed to describe the conjoining of constituents, including clauses. Non-constituent coordination is analyzed in the context of other sorts of clausal “reduction”, including the accentual reduction of unfocused elements in English as well as ellipsis, where overlapping content is left unexpressed. A pivotal descriptive notion is the differential, i.e. the content appearing in one clausal window that does not appear in the prior window. The anti-differential consists of any previously active content that the differential conflicts with and suppresses. Non-constituent coordination is a special case of ellipsis where the differential and anti-differential function as conjuncts.

Download Full-text

Core Texts of the Sŏn Approach

10.1093/oso/9780197530542.001.0001 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jeffrey Broughton

Keyword(s):

Twentieth Century ◽

Song Dynasty ◽

East Asian ◽

Zen Buddhism ◽

The West ◽

Mental Operation ◽

The Song Dynasty ◽

Asian History ◽

Partial Translation

The book is a study and partial translation of Core Texts of the Sŏn Approach (Sŏnmun ch’waryo), a Korean anthology of key texts foundational to Korean Sŏn (Chan/Zen) Buddhism. This anthology provides a convenient entrée to two fundamental themes of Korean Sŏn: Sŏn vis-à-vis the doctrinal teachings (in which Sŏn is shown to be superior); and the huatou (Korean hwadu) method of practice-work popularized by the Song dynasty Chan master Dahui Zonggao (1089–1163). This method consists of “lifting to awareness” or “keeping an eye on” the huatou or phrase, usually the word wu無‎/No (Korean mu). No mental operation whatsoever is to be performed upon the huatou. The practitioner simply lifts the huatou to awareness constantly, twenty-four hours a day. Core Texts of the Sŏn Approach, which was published in Korea during the first decade of the twentieth century, attempts to encapsulate the entire Korean Sŏn tradition in one convenient volume (and thus functions as a sort of vade mecum). It contains eight Chan texts by Chinese authors and seven Sŏn texts by Korean authors, showing the organic relationship between the parent Chinese Chan tradition and its heir Korean Sŏn. Due to the circumstances of modern East Asian history, Korean Sŏn is much less well-known in the West than Japanese Zen. This book will give readers access to a broad sweep of texts of the Korean branch of this school of East Asian Buddhism.

Download Full-text

Chapter XXIX: In which some People are Precocious, others Professional, and others Mysterious: all in their several Ways

Martin Chuzzlewit ◽

10.1093/owc/9780199554003.003.0031 ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

Charles Dickens

Keyword(s):

Mental Operation

It may have been the restless remembrance of what he had seen and heard over-night, or it may have been no deeper mental operation than the discovery that he had nothing to do, which caused Mr. Bailey, on the following afternoon, to feel particularly...

Download Full-text