Potential therapy of Sambiloto plant (Andrographis paniculata) using multi-compounds analysis

Introduction: Sambiloto plant (Andrographis paniculata) is often used as herbal medicine plant in Indonesia. Previous evidence indicates the use of a whole plant or single-compound approach. Analysis of multi-compounds is needed to determine the therapeutic potential for standardizing herbal medicine to provide a reliable effect. Methods: An exploratory study searching for the active content of A. paniculata was carried out in the Knapsack program. The chemical structure is analyzed computationally using Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances (PASS) software. The analysis of the mechanism of action of drug molecules was analyzed using the Search Tool for Interacting Chemicals (STITCH) software. Results: The active content of A. paniculata is 46 types, with 5 of them having 6 effects based on chemical bonds and targeting 12 receptor proteins. Five active contents of A. paniculata include andrographidin A, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, wogonin 5-glucoside, and cinnamic acid. Analysis of the mechanism of action of A. paniculata based on 12 target proteins from active ingredients using a multi-compound approach shows 6 unique biological processes. Based on the chemical bonds, 5 active contents of A. paniculata have six effects, including anaphylatoxin receptor antagonist, a beta-adrenergic receptor kinase inhibitor, GABA C receptor agonist, G-protein-coupled receptor kinase inhibitor, Aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist, and Nicotinic alpha6beta3beta4alpha5 receptor antagonist. Conclusion: There is a therapeutic potential of A. paniculata with multi-compounds analysis. A molecular docking analysis is needed to predict the affinity between the ligand (active ingredient) and the target protein.

Dictionary of the language of creative personalities of Ukraine about humanism, spirituality, anthropology

The article presents the concept of a new explanatory dictionary of the language of creative personalities of Ukraine that reproduces the active content of the conceptospheres „spirituality”, „humanism”, „philanthropy”, „creativity”, „creative genius of mankind”, which reflect the trends of society, its creative energy, inexhaustible cognitive capabilities of language. The dictionary covers the time periods of the development of the Ukrainian language and society (the epoch of totalitarianism and the period of the new Ukrainian Renaissance), which have not as yet been the object of a systematic lexicographic description. The dictionary is modern in many respects. The dictionary presents new lexical and artistic achievements of Ukrainian writers and translators, which reflect all the complexities of modern life, fill them with linguistic achievements. new global thinking and worldview of creative personalities. The dictionary is valuable for the systematic study of neologization processes, features of semanticization, development of new models of metaphorization, etc. It is a guide to axiology and anthropology – new areas of knowledge about man and their worldview. The material of the dictionary, in particular neolexemes and golden metaphors of writers make it possible to study comprehensively not only the creative laboratory of masters of the word, the internal form of words, the motivational basis of powerful word formation, but also the combined creative experience of representatives of various creative directions – artists, musicians, composers, architects, theater figures and more. The explanatory dictionary combines linguistic and encyclopedic information for a deep perspective study of the creative genius of mankind, aimed at the high ideals of humanism and harmony of worldview. The dictionary is a rich source for a promising macroscientific study of the regularities of the development of Ukrainian linguistic thought concentrated on the conceptual dominants of Ukrainian national renaissance. The language of Oles Honchar’s epistolary is used as illustrative material for the article.

Preparation, Characterization, Morphological and Particle Properties of Crystallized Palm-Based Methyl Ester Sulphonates (MES) Powder

Methyl ester sulphonates (MES) have been considered as an alternative green surfactant for the detergent market. Investigation on the purification of methyl ester sulphonates (MES) with various carbon chains of C12, C14, C16 and C16–18 derived from palm methyl ester is of great interest. These MES powders have been repeatedly crystallized with ethanol and the purity of MES has increased to a maximum of 99% active content and 96% crystallinity index without changing the structure. These crystallized MES with high active content have 1.0% to 2.3% moisture content and retained its di-salt content in the range of 5%. The crystallized MES C16 and C16–18 attained excellent flow characteristics. Morphology, structural and its crystallinity analyses showed that the crystals MES had good solubility properties, stable crystal structure (β polymorphic) and triclinic lateral structure when it is in high active content. The brittleness of MES crystals increased from a β’ to a β subcell. Crystal with high brittleness has the potential to ease production of powder, which leads to a reduction in the cost of production and improves efficiency.

GC-MS analysis of phytochemical components in the ethanolic extract of Acanthus illicifolius from mangrove forest Purworejo Indonesia

Jeruju has the potential as a source of bioactive components. Steroids are commonly found in mangroves, especially in the mangrove leaves (Acanthus Illicifolius) or better known as jeruju plants. However, the use of mangroves in Indonesia as a medicinal plant is still very limited. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the bioactive components of mangrove plants. The purpose of this study was to determine the active content of jeruju leaves (Acanthus Illicifolius) as an analgesic with the Gas Cromatographic Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis method. The design of this study was experiments with the stages are sampel preparation, extraction and fractionation and GC-MS analysis. The results of the Acanthus Illicifolius study contain protein, carbohydrate, saponin, sterooid, triterpenoids, and phenol. Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) results showed that the compound separation was evidenced by the presence of spots as a result of elution with the detection of ferric chloride spray at UV 254 nm and 365 nm. Blotches eluted fluorescently on UV 365 nm with spot colors of phenolic compounds in visible black gray with phenol Rf detected 0.85. At the retention time of 40.22 to 43.89 minutes, there were 3 peaks of a large chromatogram and indicated the presence of topiramate, budesonide, and spingosine.

Efficiency and Compatibility of Selected Alkoxysilanes on Porous Carbonate and Silicate Stones

This study compares the consolidation efficiency and compatibility of three selected alkoxysilanes on two porous carbonate and silicate substrates. Emphasis was given to artificially induced microstructural defects and subsequent restoration of mechanical and physical properties. Two newly engineered formulations (1) a TiO2 modified tetraethyl-orthosilicate in isopropanol with 70% active content and (2) a TiO2 modified alkyl-trialkoxysilane in isopropanol with 75% active content were compared to a commercial product (3), a solvent free tetraethyl-orthosilicate with 99% active content. Treatments were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, mercury intrusion porosimetry, colour impact and their effect on dynamic modulus of elasticity, splitting tensile- and flexural strengths, capillary water absorption and water vapour permeability. A key outcome was that mechanical strength gain induced by treatments is primarily governed by a stone’s texture and microstructure, and secondarily by the gel deposition rate of consolidants. Likewise, the kinetics of the gel-forming reaction during curing is dependent not only on the product but also on the substrate. Therefore, the moisture related properties and the visual impact develop during time. There is no general trend on how it evolves in time, which can lead to incorrect interpretations of treatment compatibility. The results prove that wide-ranging treatment performance is obtained when applying the same products on different substrates.