“Jointpromise”: concept of a multi-step, automated platform for precision manufacturing of joint implants

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is one of the most well-known orthopedic surgeries in the world which involves the substitution of the natural hip joint by prostheses. In this process, the surface roughness of the femoral head plays a pivotal role in the performance of hip joint implants. In this regard, the nano-finishing of the femoral head of the hip joint implants to achieve a uniform surface roughness with the lowest standard deviation is a major challenge in the conventional and advanced finishing processes. In the present study, the inverse replica fixture technique was used for automatic finishing in the abrasive flow finishing (AFF) process. For this aim, an experimental setup of the AFF process was designed and fabricated. After the tests, experimental data were modeled and optimized to achieve the minimum surface roughness in the ASTM F138 (SS 316L) femoral head of the hip joint through the use of response surface methodology (RSM). The results confirmed uniform surface roughness up to the range of 0.0203 µm with a minimum standard deviation of 0.00224 for the femoral head. Moreover, the spherical shape deviation of the femoral head was achieved in the range of 7 µm. The RSM results showed a 99.71% improvement in the femoral head surface roughness (0.0007) µm under the optimized condition involving the extrusion pressure of 9.10 MPa, the number of finishing cycles of 95, and SiC abrasive mesh number of 1000.

Download Full-text

An Haptic Interface for Industrial High-Precision Manufacturing Tasks

Proceedings of the International Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces ◽

10.1145/3399715.3399952 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sergio Di Martino ◽

Vincenzo Norman Vitale

Keyword(s):

High Precision ◽

Haptic Interface ◽

Precision Manufacturing

Download Full-text

Automated Quantitative Cytology Imaging Analysis System in Cervical Cancer Screening in Shanxi Province, China

Cancer and Clinical Oncology ◽

10.5539/cco.v6n2p51 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 51 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yan Dong ◽

Jigeng Bai ◽

Yuping Zhang ◽

Guangjie Shang ◽

Yan Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Cervical Cancer ◽

Cancer Screening ◽

Cervical Cancer Screening ◽

Population Based ◽

Shanxi Province ◽

Detection Rates ◽

Screening Programs ◽

Quantitative Cytology ◽

Automated Platform

Purpose: In China the number of pathologists is far from being enough to meet the demands of ongoing population based cervical cancer screening programs. This article aims to present our experience with automated quantitative cytology imaging platform, a reading system with an artificial intelligence that we currently use routinely for cervical cancer screening in Shanxi province.Methods: From 2012-2016 a total of 40 178 women were screened. Women were divided into three groups and each group had two subgroups. Smear and liquid based technique were compared using manual and automated platform.Results: Detection rates of CIN2 + and positive rates of CIN2 were higher in all three groups when automated quantitative cytology platform was used compared with groups where reading was done by the pathologist using conventional microscope. Operator’s costs associated with automated quantitative cytology platform vs. conventional reading using light microscope were compared too. The overall costs of operations based on automated platform were proven to be lower.Conclusion: The use of automated platform and artificial intelligence as a means to overcome the lack of cytotechnologists and pathologists and to implement proper quality control in the large scale population based cervical cancer screening seems very promising.

Download Full-text

A Framework of a Continuous Injection Direct Rolling Process for Precision Manufacturing Plastic Plates with Patterned Microstructures

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.625.489 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 625 ◽

pp. 489-495

Author(s):

Ling Bao Kong ◽

Ji Bin Li ◽

Chi Fai Cheung ◽

Yan Lou ◽

Chang Sheng Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Research Work ◽

Rolling Process ◽

Plastic Plate ◽

Precision Manufacturing ◽

Injection Nozzle ◽

Injection Process ◽

Ultra Precision ◽

Direct Rolling ◽

Continuous Injection ◽

Plastic Injection

This paper presents an integrated roller embossing process named Continuous Injection Direct Rolling (CIDR) process. The CIDR process is similar to Continue Casting Direct Rolling (CCDR) process for metal material. The process consists of Plastic Injection Module, Injection Nozzle, Precision Rolling Module, and Automatic Coiling Module. In the proposed CIDR process, the plastic plate with microstructured pattern is produced by the integrated injection and rolling process, which is different from the current rolling or plastic injection process. Some key technologies including injection nozzle design, roller design, roller coupling, and ultra-precision machining of rollers, are presented. An on-machine measurement method is also proposed and presented to avoid the incontinence and errors caused by disassembling the roller workpiece for off-line measurement. The results of the pilot study are also discussed. The research work provides an enabling solution for precision manufacturing plastic plate and film with microstructured patterns.

Download Full-text

Allergic complications from orthopaedic joint implants: the role of delayed hypersensitivity to benzoyl peroxide in bone cement

Yearbook of Orthopedics ◽

10.1016/j.yort.2012.01.019 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 239

Author(s):

B.F. Morrey

Keyword(s):

Bone Cement ◽

Benzoyl Peroxide ◽

Delayed Hypersensitivity ◽

Joint Implants

Download Full-text

Sterile shunt malfunction

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/jns.1984.61.6.1079 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 61 (6) ◽

pp. 1079-1084 ◽

Cited By ~ 82

Author(s):

David J. Gower ◽

Jon C. Lewis ◽

David L. Kelly

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Cellular Response ◽

Internal Surface ◽

Giant Cells ◽

Shunt Malfunction ◽

Delayed Hypersensitivity ◽

Silicone Implants ◽

Content Type ◽

Joint Implants ◽

Delayed Hypersensitivity Reaction

✓ Recently, a delayed hypersensitivity reaction to silicone plastics has been demonstrated in some patients with breast and joint implants and subcutaneously injected silicone. In this study, the authors examined the internal surface of shunting systems to evaluate the cellular response to implanted silicone plastic. The distal peritoneal tubing from 20 patients with ventriculoperitoneal shunts was examined with a scanning electron microscope. Twelve tubes were removed because of documented distal shunt malfunction and eight for an elective lengthening procedure. Cultures of all tubing were negative. The catheters removed for malfunction contained a variety of cells: sometimes in clumps, sometimes associated with platelets and densely adherent to the silicone tubing wall. In several shunts, giant cells were seen with multiple foot processes adherent to the internal silicone surface. The internal surface of the tubing of two malfunctioning shunts was embedded in electron microscopy plastic and studied with transmission electron microscopy. The cells proved to be neutrophils with no evidence of silicone granules inside the cell bodies. The shunts removed for elective revision showed only a few cells, and those were never associated with platelets. There was proteinaceous material scattered on the internal surface of the tubing, but the cellular response was markedly different from that in malfunctioning shunts. The authors postulate that the findings in malfunctioning shunt tubing represent a delayed hypersensitivity to silicone similar to that seen with other types of silicone implants.

Download Full-text