Significance of δ34S and evaluation of its imprint on sedimentary organic matter: I. The role of reduced sulfur species in the diagenetic stage: A conceptual review

Environmental contextThe extent to which organic matter decomposition generates carbon dioxide or methane in anaerobic ecosystems is determined by the presence or absence of particular electron acceptors. Evaluating carbon dioxide and methane production in anaerobic incubation of peat, we found that organic matter predominated as an electron acceptor over considered inorganic electron acceptors. We also observed changes in organic sulfur speciation suggesting a contribution of organic sulfur species to the electron-accepting capacity of organic matter. AbstractAn often observed excess of CO2 production over CH4 production in freshwater ecosystems presumably results from a direct or indirect role of organic matter (OM) as electron acceptor, possibly supported by a cycling of oxidised and reduced sulfur species. To confirm the role of OM electron-accepting capacities (EACOM) in anaerobic microbial respiration and to elucidate internal sulfur cycling, peat soil virtually devoid of inorganic electron acceptors was incubated under anaerobic conditions. Thereby, production of CO2 and CH4 at a cumulative ratio of 3.2:1 was observed. From excess CO2 production and assuming a nominal oxidation state of carbon in OM of zero, we calculated a net consumption rate of EACOM of 2.36µmol electron (e–)cm–3day–1. Addition of sulfate (SO42–) increased CO2 and suppressed CH4 production. Moreover, subtracting the EAC provided though SO42–, net consumption rates of EACOM had increased to 3.88–4.85µmol e–cm–3day–1, presumably owing to a re-oxidation of sulfide by OM at sites otherwise not accessible for microbial reduction. As evaluated by sulfur K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy, bacterial sulfate reduction presumably involved not only a recycling of inorganic sulfur species, but also a sulfurisation of OM, yielding reduced organic sulfur, and changes in oxidised organic sulfur species. Organic matter thus contributes to anaerobic respiration: (i) directly by EAC of redox-active functional groups; (ii) directly by oxidised organic sulfur; and (iii) indirectly by re-oxidation of sulfide to maintain bacterial sulfate reduction.

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Bacterial Activity and Preservation of Sedimentary Organic Matter: The Role of Exopolymeric Substances

Geomicrobiology Journal ◽

10.1080/01490450701672042 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 24 (7-8) ◽

pp. 571-581 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Muriel Pacton ◽

Nicolas Fiet ◽

Georges Edouard Gorin

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Bacterial Activity ◽

Sedimentary Organic Matter ◽

Exopolymeric Substances

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Investigation of the Role of Structural Domains Identified in Sedimentary Organic Matter in the Sorption of Hydrophobic Organic Compounds

Environmental Science & Technology ◽

10.1021/es048171h ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 39 (11) ◽

pp. 3925-3932 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Christopher J. Golding ◽

Ronald J. Smernik ◽

Gavin F. Birch

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Organic Compounds ◽

Sedimentary Organic Matter ◽

Hydrophobic Organic Compounds ◽

Structural Domains

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ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN OKSIGEN UNTUK DEKOMPOSISI BAHAN ORGANIK SEDIMEN DI KAWASAN MANGROVE DESA BEDONO DEMAK

Management of Aquatic Resources Journal (MAQUARES) ◽

10.14710/marj.v5i4.14422 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 285-292

Author(s):

Mia Arista Sari ◽

Pujiono Wahyu Purnomo ◽

Haeruddin Haeruddin

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Sedimentary Organic Matter ◽

Oxygen Requirement ◽

Ph Values ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Decomposition Of Organic Matter ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Organic Deposits

ABSTRAK Salah satu peran penting mangrove bagi kehidupan biota akuatik adalah sebagai penyedia nutrien dari bahan organik yang dihasilkan. Proses dekomposisi bahan organik membutuhkan oksigen dan bantuan bakteri. Apabila kadar oksigen berkurang maka dapat mempengaruhi proses dekomposisi dan akhirnya dapat berpengaruh terhadap kehidupan bentos yang ada. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah mengetahui kebutuhan oksigen yang digunakan dalam proses dekomposisi bahan organik pada kawasan mangrove. Penelitian bersifat eksperimental terhadap deposit bahan organik. Penelitian mengacu pada rancangan acak lengkap dengan 3 perlakuan (deposit organik mangrove padat, sedang, dan jarang) yang masing – masing diulang 3 kali. Penelitian dilakukan di kawasan mangrove desa Bedono, Demak. Peubah utama yang diukur adalah Disolved Oxygen, bahan organik sedimen secara berkala pada jam ke- 0, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60 dan 66. Peubah tambahan yang diukur adalah kelimpahan bakteri. Diukur penurunan Disolved Oxigen pada waktu tertentu. Diukur pula nilai bahan organik sedimen dan kelimpahan koloni bakteri. Hasil yang didapat yaitu nilai kebutuhan oksigen sedimen tertinggi pada stasiun 1 dengan kisaran 1,3 – 3,5. Nilai kebutuhan oksigen sedimen pada stasiun 2 berkisar antara 1,2 – 2,2 dan nilai kebutuhan oksigen sedimen pada stasiun 3 berkisar antara 0,8 - 2,7. Hasil kelimpahan koloni bakteri pada stasiun 1 berkisar antara 1 x 1011 – 1,5 x 1011Cfu/ml. Stasiun 2 berkisar antara 2 x 1011 - 22 x 1011Cfu/ml dan stasiun 3 berkisar antara 1 x 1011 - 2 x 1011Cfu/ml. Kualitas perairan seperti temperatur berikisar antara 27 - 32 ºC. Nilai salinitas beriksar antara 25 - 29‰ dan nilai pH berkisar antara 7 - 8. Kata kunci: Oksigen; Bahan Organik; Sedimen; Dekomposisi ABSTRACT One important role of mangrove for aquatic biota is a provider of nutrients from organic matter produced. The process of decomposition of organic matter need oxygen and help the bacteria. When oxygen levelsdecreases, it can affect the decomposition process and can ultimately affect the existing benthic life. The purpose of the research was to determine the need of oxygen used in the decomposition of organic matter in the mangrove areas. It is a experimental research on the deposit of organic material. The research refers to a completely randomized design with 3 treatments (dense mangrove organic deposits, medium, and rare) that eachs repeated three times. Research conducted in the mangrove areas Bedono village, Demak. The main variables measured were Disolved Oxygen, sedimentary organic matter on a regular basis on the hour 0, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60 and 66. Additional variables that measured the abundance of bacteria.MeasuredDisolvedOxigen decline at a certain time. Measured the value of sedimentary organic matter and the abundance of bacterial colonies. The result is the highest value of the oxygen requirement of sediment at station 1 is in the range of 1,3 to 3,5. The value of the oxygen requirement of sediment at station 2 ranged from 1,2 to 2,2 and the value ofsediment oxygen demand of the three stations ranged from 0,8 to 2,7. The result of the abundance of bacteria colonies from the at station 1 range from 1 x 1011 to 1,5 x 1011Cfu/ml. Station 2 ranging from 2 x 1011 -22 x 1011Cfu/ml and three stations ranged between 1 x 1011 -2 x 1011Cfu/ml. Water quality such as temperature ranged from 27 - 32 ºC. Salinity value ranged from 25 - 29 ‰ and pH values ranged from 7-8. Keywords: Oxygen; Organic Matter; Sediment; Decompotition

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The Role of Salt Marsh Structure in the Distribution of Surface Sedimentary Organic Matter

Estuaries and Coasts ◽

10.1007/s12237-015-9957-z ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 108-122 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Si Chen ◽

Raymond Torres ◽

Miguel A. Goñi

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Salt Marsh ◽

Sedimentary Organic Matter

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Sulfurization of dissolved organic matter in the anoxic water column of the Black Sea

Science Advances ◽

10.1126/sciadv.abf6199 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (25) ◽

pp. eabf6199

Author(s):

Gonzalo V. Gomez-Saez ◽

Thorsten Dittmar ◽

Moritz Holtappels ◽

Anika M. Pohlabeln ◽

Anna Lichtschlag ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Dissolved Organic Matter ◽

Water Column ◽

Black Sea ◽

Large Scale ◽

Global Climate ◽

The Black Sea ◽

Sulfur Species ◽

Reduced Sulfur

Today’s oceans store as much dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the water column as there is CO2 in the atmosphere, and as such dissolved organic matter (DOM) is an important component of the global carbon cycle. It was shown that in anoxic marine sediments, reduced sulfur species (e.g., H2S) abiotically react with organic matter, contributing to carbon preservation. It is not known whether such processes also contribute to preserving DOM in ocean waters. Here, we show DOM sulfurization within the sulfidic waters of the Black Sea, by combining elemental, isotopic, and molecular analyses. Dissolved organic sulfur (DOS) is formed largely in the water column and not derived from sediments or allochthonous nonmarine sources. Our findings suggest that during large-scale anoxic events, DOM may accumulate through abiotic reactions with reduced sulfur species, having long-lasting effects on global climate by enhancing organic carbon sequestration.

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