Sustainable Mining, Environmental Justice, and the Human Rights of Women and Girls

2021 ◽  
pp. 314-334
Author(s):  
Sara L. Seck ◽  
Penelope Simons
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Environmental Justice ◽  
Sustainable Mining ◽  
Women And Girls

Ensuring Reproductive Rights of Women in Nepal: Law and Praxis

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-62
Author(s):  
D. N. Parajuli
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Reproductive Rights ◽  
School Curriculum ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Reproductive Health Services ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
The Right ◽  
Health Rights

 Reproductive rights are fundamental rights and freedoms relating to reproduction and reproductive health that vary amongst countries around the world, but have a commonality about the protection, preservation and promotion of a woman‘s reproductive health rights. Reproductive rights include the right to autonomy and self-determination , the right of everyone to make free and informed decisions and have full control over their body, sexuality, health, relationships, and if, when and with whom to partner, marry and have children , without any form of discrimination, stigma, coercion or violence. The access and availability of reproductive health services are limited due to geography and other issues, non-availability and refusal of reproductive health services may lead to serious consequences. The State need to ensure accessibility, availability, safe and quality reproductive health services and address the lifecycle needs of women and girls and provide access of every young women and girls to comprehensive sexuality education based on their evolving capacity as their human rights, through its inclusion and proper implementation in school curriculum, community-based awareness program and youth led mass media. It is necessary for strengthening compliance, in a time-bound manner, with international human rights standards that Nepal has ratified that protect, promote, and fulfill the basic human rights and reproductive health rights in Nepal and also need to review standards and conventions that Nepal has had reservations about or those that have been poorly implemented in the country.

Hina Jilani on her Satyagraha for Women’s Rights in Pakistan

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-253
Author(s):  
Juanita Kakoty
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Women's Rights ◽  
Women's Movement ◽  
Military Regime ◽  
Women’S Rights ◽  
Political Climate ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
Rights Consciousness

This piece is based on a conversation the author had with lawyer and human rights activist from Pakistan, Hina Jilani, in May 2016. It captures Jilani’s account of the ‘Satyagraha’ she has waged in her lifetime for the rights of women in her country; and as she narrates her story, she interweaves it with the ‘Satyagraha’ that shaped the women’s movement in Pakistan. One can read here about Jilani’s struggle for truth, for a human rights consciousness in a political climate of military regime; and how she challenged courts in the country to step outside the realm of conventional law and extend justice to women and girls. And in the process, learn that her struggle for truth has been intertwined with that of the women’s movement in the country.

Operationalizing Human Rights in Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights Programming: An Example from a Global Family Planning Partnership

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Hardee
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Human Rights Abuses ◽  
Family Planning Programs ◽  
Crucial Component ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
Principles And Standards ◽  
And Gender

The International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD), which has guided programming on sexual reproductive health and rights (SRHR) for 25 years, reinforced that governments have a role to play in addressing population issues but in ways that respect human rights and address social and gender inequities. The shift at ICPD was partly in response to excesses that had occurred in some family planning programs, resulting in human rights abuses. The 2012 London Summit on Family Planning refocused attention on family planning as a crucial component of SRHR and, in part due to significant pushback on the announcement of a goal of reaching an additional 120 million women and girls with contraception by 2020 in the world’s poorest countries, ignited work to ensure that programming to achieve this ambitious goal would be grounded in respecting, protecting, and fulfilling human rights. This attention to human rights has been maintained in Family Planning 2030 (FP2030), the follow on to Family Planning 2020 (FP2020). While challenges remain, particularly in light of pushback on reproductive rights, widespread work over the past decade to identify human rights principles and standards related to family planning, integrate them into programming, strengthen accountability, and incorporate rights into monitoring and evaluation has improved family planning programs.

scholarly journals THE PECULIARITIES OF IMPLEMENTATION OF GENDER POLICY IN SECURITY AND DEFENSE SPHERES ON THE EXAMPLE OF UN AND NATO

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iryna Klymchuk ◽  
◽  
Olena Shtraikher ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Special Rapporteur ◽  
Gender Policy ◽  
Un Security Council ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
And Gender

The study examines the peculiarities of the implementation of gender policy in the field of security and defense by the example of the UN and NATO. To achieve this goal, we considered the legal regulation of gender equality in the field of security and defense of the UN and NATO; analyzed the work of institutional mechanisms for the implementation of gender policy in the field of security and defense by the example of the UN and NATO; characterized the peculiarities of cooperation between Ukraine, the UN and NATO in ensuring gender equality in the field of security and defense. The legal regulation of gender equality at the UN and NATO levels was considered, in particular a number of resolutions (UN Security Council Resolutions on Women, Peace and Security No. 1325, No. 1820, No. 1888, No. 1889, No. 1960, No. 2106, No. 2122, No. 2422, No. 2467, No. 2493), which recognizes the importance of involving women and gender mainstreaming in peace negotiations, humanitarian planning, peacekeeping, post-conflict peacebuilding, governance, and equal participation of women at all levels of conflict prevention or protection from sexual violence. Also the authors analyzed the work of institutional mechanisms responsible for the implementation of gender policy of the UN and NATO, in particular, their expertise and scope of activities. It was clarified that the following persons responsible for the implementation of UN Security Council Resolutions in NATO: Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Women, Peace and Security; NATO Gender Office; Gender Adviser at the International Military Staff; a number of advisory committees and working groups led by NATO Strategic Command; Civil Society Advisory Council on Women, Peace and Security. At the same time, the UN has seven expert institutions and regional independent human rights experts to combat discrimination and gender-based violence against women and girls: UN Special Rapporteur on Violence against Women; UN Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women; UN Working Group on Discrimination against Women and Girls; Committee of Experts on the Follow-up Mechanism to the Belem-Par Convention; Expert Group on Combating Violence against Women and Domestic Violence; Special Rapporteur on Human Rights in Africa of the African Commission on Human Rights; Human Rights Rapporteur. In addition, a number of sub-organizations and programs have been established at the UN level to achieve gender equality in all spheres of life, such as the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), the HeForShe IMPACT 10x10x10 movement and the UN-Women. Aspects of Ukraine's cooperation with the UN and NATO in ensuring gender equality in the field of security and defense are highlighted separately. The importance and effectiveness of cooperation between Ukraine and the Alliance during the war in Eastern Ukraine have been established. The support by the UN of Ukraine in fulfilling the obligations within the international regulatory framework on the introduction of gender equality and women’s rights was also analyzed.

The Human Rights-Based Approach to Combat Cyberbullying Against Women and Girls

2021 ◽  
pp. 398-409
Author(s):  
Sabrina Ching Yuen Luk
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Mobile Technologies ◽  
Psychological Violence ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Not For Profit ◽  
Social Media Site ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
Human Rights Based Approach

Cyberbullying against women and girls becomes more prevalent when the internet and mobile technologies become more widely available and accessible in terms of cost. It has led to multifaceted consequences that negatively affect victims' self-esteem, physical and mental health, behaviours, relationships with other people, and motivation to live, study, and work. This study argues that cyberbullying against women and girls is a major impediment to achieving gender equality and the full advancement of women. The adoption of a human rights-based approach to combat cyberbullying against women and girls is to encourage women to claim their rights to privacy and freedom of expression online and to be free from any physical, sexual, or psychological violence while recognizing the obligations of governments, employers, not-for-profit organizations, and social media site providers to respect, protect, and guarantee these rights.

The Role of Mobile Learning in Promoting Literacy and Human Rights for Women and Girls

2016 ◽  
pp. 2047-2076
Author(s):  
Judith M. Dunkerly-Bean ◽  
Helen Crompton
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Mobile Learning ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Native Languages ◽  
Cultural Organization ◽  
Reading Initiatives ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
Access To Books

In this chapter the authors review the fairly recent advances in combating illiteracy around the globe through the use of e-readers and mobile phones most recently in the Worldreader program and the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) mobile phone reading initiatives. Situated in human rights and utilizing the lens of transnational feminist discourse which addresses globalization and the hegemonic, monolithic portrayals of “third world” women as passive and in need of the global North's intervention, the authors explore the ways in which the use of digital media provides increased access to books, and other texts and applications in both English and native languages for people in developing countries. However, while advances in combating illiteracy through the use of e-readers, mobile phones and other mobile learning initiatives are promising, the tensions and power imbalances of digital literacies, which resources are available by whom, for whom and why, must also be examined.

scholarly journals Organized criminals, human rights defenders, and oil companies

Focaal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (85) ◽  
pp. 37-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay Ofrias ◽  
Gordon Roecker
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Environmental Justice ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Amazon Rainforest ◽  
Ongoing Trial ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Testing Ground ◽  
Chevron Corporation ◽  
New Crop

This article examines how the world’s arguably largest oil disaster, in the heart of Ecuador’s Amazon rainforest, has become a testing ground for new global forms of corporate power and the criminalization of dissent. Following the ongoing “trial of the century” between Chevron Corporation and plaintiffs representing tens of thousands of smallholder farmers and indigenous people affected by the disaster, we look at how the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act has been applied against the affected people and their lawyers to sidestep the norm of international comity and alter the parameters for pursuing environmental justice. Specifically, we point to how the case—and a new crop of cases following suit—has threatened to criminalize the use of “lawfare” as a “weapon of the weak.”

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