Was There a Central Opening in the Tiring House Wall?

2018 ◽  
pp. 213-241
Keyword(s):  
Central Opening

Innovative Central Opening Strut System for Foundation Excavation

2006 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min-Lung Yang ◽  
Sheng-Jin Chen ◽  
Shun-Tyan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Central Opening

A Shell Collar from Puerto Rico

1949 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-161
Author(s):  
J. L. Montalvo Guenard
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Flat Band ◽  
General Outline ◽  
Central Opening

While the stone collars of Puerto Rico are well known none has been reported of other materials. The writer, however, has in his collection a collar of shell in the shape of a slender stone collar. I t has been made out of the top portion of one of the so-called giant conch shells, so common in this island. The shell is of the same kind as those from which shell cups were constructed.The specimen measures 7¼ inches in height and 5¼ inches in its greater width. Its thickness varies from 1 inch to nearly ¼ inch, being thicker at the junction of the shoulder and the decorated panel, where the arch is almost round. It is pear-shaped in its general outline, with the central opening, also of pear shape, surrounded by an almost flat band, an inch wide, which forms the shoulder and the decorated and undecorated panels above it (Fig. 53).

scholarly journals Effects of Single and Multi Openings in Brick Infills on the Seismic Response of Infilled RC Frames

2018 ◽  
Vol 215 ◽  
pp. 01036
Author(s):  
Maidiawati ◽  
Jafril Tanjung ◽  
Hamdeni Medriosa ◽  
Yulia Hayati
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Response ◽  
Dissipated Energy ◽  
Rc Frame ◽  
Infilled Frames ◽  
Masonry Infill ◽  
Infilled Frame ◽  
Rc Frames ◽  
Central Opening ◽  
Lateral Strength ◽  
Infilled Rc Frames

Many researchers have performed a lot of studies of the seismic behavior reinforced concrete (RC) frame with masonry infill. They found that masonry infill affects the lateral strength, stiffness and ductility performance of the RC frame structures. However, when openings appeared in the panel infill for door and windows, the responses of the overall structure are entirely changed. The primary purpose of this study is to experimentally investigate the behavior of brick infilled RC frames possessing single opening and two openings. Four specimens of 1/4-scale single bay RC frames with brick infills were made that were one bare frame, one frame with full infill and two frames with infills having a central opening and two openings with the opening ratio of 25%. The specimens were tested under lateral reversed cyclic loads. Consequently, different responses of failure mechanism, lateral strength, stiffness and energy dissipated were observed among the specimens. The brick full infill failed in shear with propagation cracks in central part of the panel, but in the case of the infills with single and two openings, the cracks were dominated at the corners of the openings. The in-plane strength, stiffness and dissipated energy of infilled frames decreased when openings appeared in the panel. However, the seismic performance of brick infilled frame with the opening of 25% of panel area is better than those of bare frame. The brick infilled frames with a central opening and two openings are similar in lateral strength and dissipated energy. It seems that area and position of the openings control the seismic response to the overall infilled frame structure of the openings

Optimization of Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Spectroscopy Accessories

1986 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 1082-1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Hirschfeld
Keyword(s):  
Diffuse Reflectance ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Ellipsoidal Mirror ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Central Opening ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Infrared

The value of diffuse reflectance as an infrared or near-infrared spectroscopic sampling procedure has been limited by the low efficiency of accessories designed for it. In terms of signal-to-noise ratio, these average 2–6% for integrating spheres and 10–12% for various ellipsoidal mirror arrangements. Much better performances, up to 37% efficiency, can be obtained by optimizing a concentric confocal ellipsoidal mirror arrangement by using a very large central opening in the amular collector mirror, and adapting the throughput of the detector to the geometry of the collected beam.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation of Wind Pressure Characteristics for Cladding of Dome Roofs

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5266
Author(s):  
Dong-Jin Cheon ◽  
Yong-Chul Kim ◽  
Jong-Ho Lee ◽  
Sung-Won Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Peak Pressure ◽  
Wind Pressure ◽  
Wind Damage ◽  
Pressure Coefficients ◽  
Negative Peak ◽  
Central Opening ◽  
Upward Direction ◽  
Net Pressure ◽  
Positive Peak ◽  
Pressure Characteristics

Cladding for dome roofs is often made of membrane materials that are light and easy to install. Due to these characteristics, wind damage to dome roof cladding is very common. In particular, open or retractable dome roofs are prone to wind damage because of inadequacies in wind load calculations. In this study, the wind pressure characteristics of a dome with a central opening were investigated. Wind tunnel tests were performed, and the pressure distribution was investigated by analyzing external and internal pressure coefficients. Based on the experimental results, the peak net pressure coefficients for the cladding design of a dome roof with a central opening were proposed. For the external peak pressure coefficients, the values of leeward regions were similar despite height–span ratios and turbulence intensity values. For the internal peak pressure coefficients, negative pressure was dominant, and the coefficients were not significantly affected by changes in height–span ratio. This tendency locally increased the negative peak net pressure, in which the load acts in the upward direction, and relatively significantly increased the positive peak net pressure, in which the load acts in the downward direction.

scholarly journals Dynamics of the Epsilon Aurigae Ring Model

1986 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 205-206
Author(s):  
R.E. Wilson ◽  
W. Van Hamme
Keyword(s):  
Effective Viscosity ◽  
Critical Radius ◽  
Thin Disk ◽  
Single Object ◽  
Circular Orbits ◽  
Ring Model ◽  
Disk Material ◽  
Central Opening ◽  
Epsilon Aurigae

It has recently been suggested (Lissauer and Backman, 1984; Eggleton and Pringle, 1985) that the secondary mass within the Epsilon Aurigae disk is not a single object but an embedded binary. Lissauer and Backman pointed out that this idea would help greatly to account for its low ratio of luminosity to mass, while Eggleton and Pringle argued in addition that the system’s evolution could be much better understood in terms of such a configuration. They also noted that a central opening in a thin disk, which was proposed by one of us (Wilson, 1971) as a means to produce certain unusual features of the eclipse, can be accounted for quite naturally if the disk has a binary at its center. With such an embedded binary, circular orbits will be impossible for particles inside a critical radius, leading to an effective viscosity which will cause disk material to spiral inward.

scholarly journals Behaviour of Reinforced Concrete Frames with Central Opening Masonry Infill under Lateral Reversed Cyclic Loading.

2019 ◽  
Vol 258 ◽  
pp. 05009
Author(s):  
Maidiawati ◽  
Jafril Tanjung ◽  
Yulia Hayatfi ◽  
Hamdeni Medriosa
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Brick Masonry ◽  
Lateral Loading ◽  
Rc Frame ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Seismic Behaviour ◽  
Masonry Infills ◽  
Central Opening ◽  
Lateral Strength ◽  
Reversed Cyclic

This paper will describe the seismic behaviour of masonry infilled RC frame with a central opening structure under reversed cyclic lateral loading. To achieve the purpose of this study, four 1/4-scale single story and single bay RC frame specimens were tested, i.e. one bare frame, one clay brick masonry infilled RC frame without opening and two clay brick masonry infills with a central opening in infills. The ratios of opening size to panel area were 25% and 40%. Through reversed cyclic lateral loading tests, the seismic performance of RC frames with a central opening brick masonry infills was investigated. As the results, significant distinctions of failure mechanism, lateral strength, stiffness, and ductility were observed between these specimens. In the case of infills with a central opening, the cracks sprouted and developed at the corners of the opening. Although the presence of the opening in infill reduces the lateral strength and stiffness overall structure, the brick infilled frames with a central opening of 25% and 40% of panel area show better seismic performance as compared to the bare frame.

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