Security Measures and the Future of Fair Use

2021 ◽  
pp. 405-420
Author(s):  
David Nimmer
Keyword(s):  
Fair Use ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
The Future

scholarly journals Indirect costs associated with deaths of children aged 0–14 years from measles in a weak health system and conflict and fragile zone: the case of Somalia

2019 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar B. Da'ar
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Indirect Cost ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
The Future

Abstract This study recognises periodic outbreaks of measles continue to affect conflict and fragile zones in the least developed countries. This study set out to provide evidence for the indirect costs or economic loss associated with measles-related deaths among children aged 0–14 years in Somalia. Using epidemiologic and economic data, the indirect cost was calculated based on the framework of the World Health Organisation guide of identifying the economic consequences of disease and injury. The baseline indirect cost was computed as the product of discounted future productive years of life lost (PYLL), non-health gross domestic product per capita (NHGDPPC) and the estimated total measles deaths (ETMD). The model was adjusted for conflict and fragility conditions and further extension considered a finite and stable upper limit growth of the instability-adjusted NHGDPPC. To discount future costs, a rate of 3% was applied. Using a ±20% variability assumption of the epidemiologic and economic factor inputs, a sensitivity analysis was conducted to account for uncertainty. In 2015 values, the ETMD of 3723 measles deaths of children aged 0–14 years could decrease non-health GDP of the country by $23.46 million, a potential loss of $6303 per death over the discounted PYLL. The loss would increase by 5.3% when adjusted for conflict and fragility conditions. Assuming growth, the future adjusted loss is expected to be $35.91 million in 2015 values. Girl-child deaths accounted for 51.2% of the burden. Results are robust to the variations in the model inputs, although sensitivity analyses suggest the proportion of total measles deaths and the discount rate accounted for greater uncertainty of the loss than do the proportion of growth and instability assumption. Conflict and fragility accounted for the least uncertainty, perhaps confirming their relative perpetuity in Somalia. Results show significant indirect cost related to measles deaths of children, exacerbated by conflict and fragility. This is an economic burden, but one which the health system, policy-makers, government and other stakeholders should be prepared to colossally discount by collectively taking measles surveillance and security measures now to reduce further deaths in the future.

scholarly journals Possibilities of security measures in museums in the czech republic

2018 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 03010
Author(s):  
Marek Tomastik ◽  
Katerina Vichova ◽  
Eva Hoke ◽  
Erik Pfeffer
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Current State ◽  
Velvet Revolution ◽  
The Future ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
Better Than

The threat of theft of works of art, antiques and books which are always being stolen from museums, galleries and archives in the Czech Republic, as well as abroad, remains present. Given the existence of the current stolen objects markets and the fact that artefacts keep their value which grows in time, theft will continue into the future. Thus, the security of museum collections and buildings is a pressing issue. It is, therefore, important to seek modern, secure and cheap solutions for the smaller museums in the Czech Republic. This paper describes the current state of security in the Czech Republic and proposes appropriate solutions of the problem of security in museums and galleries. The situation is very critical in some museum areas. Historic heritage is not sufficiently protected. The present study solves the analysis of the state of the historical heritage at present. The protection of the historical heritage is better than the Velvet Revolution. The article deals with the protection of monuments currently, analyzes the current security situation in museums in the Czech Republic and suggests a solution that would improve the future security of artefacts. Faculty of Logistics and Crisis Management prepares a workplace to help museums work with risks.

scholarly journals The impact of cloud computing on the future of academic library practices and services

2013 ◽  
Vol 114 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 132-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Mavodza
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Data Privacy ◽  
Academic Library ◽  
Information Access ◽  
Fair Use ◽  
Cloud Services ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Platform As A Service ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to discuss issues involved in navigating the modern information environment where the relevance of cloud computing is unavoidable. This is a way of shifting from the hardware and software demands of storing and organizing data, to information access concerns. That is because with the exponential growth in information sources and all accompanying complexities, the limited capacity of libraries to host their own in its entirety necessitates opting for alternatives in the cloud.Design/methodology/approachA review of current literature about the topic was performedFindingsLiterature used reveals that currently, libraries are using the cloud for putting together user resources, i.e. using Software as a Service (SaaS), such as in library catalogues, WorldCat, Googledocs, and the aggregated subject gateways like SUMMON, and others; the web Platform as a Service (PaaS) as in the use of GoogleApp Engine; or Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) as in the use of D‐Space, FEDORA, and others. The cloud is confirmed as a facilitator in storing and accessing information in addition to providing a unified web presence with reduced local storage capacity challenges.Originality/valueThe value of these findings is to remind librarians of the shift in focus towards which devices provide the easiest access to data and applications. This is one of the reasons they in many instances are currently having to address issues relating to the use of electronic media tools such as smartphones, iPad, e‐book readers, and other handheld devices. The largely borderless information resources also bring to the forefront considerations about digital rights management, fair use, information security, ownership and control of data, privacy, scholarly publishing, copyright guidance, and licensing that the librarian has to be knowledgeable about. It has become necessary for librarians who make use of commercial cloud services to be conversant with the implications on institutional data. To avert the ever present dangers and risks involving cyber‐security, it is usually practical for institutions to keep policies, procedures, fiscal, and personnel data in private clouds that have carefully crafted access permissions. Being aware of these implications enables thoughtful, adaptive planning strategies for the future of library practice and service.

scholarly journals Rewriting Fair Use and the Future of Copyright Reform

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J Madison
Keyword(s):  
Historical Development ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Copyright Law ◽  
Fair Use ◽  
Creative Expression ◽  
Policy Goals ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future

This Essay describes a social practices approach to the production of creative expression, as a construct to guide reform of copyright law. Specifically, it reimagines copyright's fair use doctrine by basing its statutory text explicitly on social practices. It argues that the social practices approach is consistent with the historical development of the fair use doctrine and with the policy goals of copyright law, and that the approach should be recognized in the text of the statute as well as in judicial applications of fair use.

scholarly journals Die Verwendung von Bearbeitungen urheberrechtlich geschützter Werke

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliane Haas
Keyword(s):  
Copyright Law ◽  
Fair Use ◽  
Commercial Use ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Law ◽  
Feasible Solutions ◽  
The Right ◽  
Economic Function

This study deals with the phenomenon of derivative works and the challenges it poses to copyright law. The author shows how the law should meet these challenges in the future; in doing so, she takes a close look at the economic function of copyright law. As a first approach, the author examines whether extensive interpretation of existing Swiss copyright limitations, such as the parody exception or the right to cite, leads to feasible solutions. As a second approach, she outlines and assesses possible solutions de lege ferenda. Her focus here lies on a new exception for creative derivatives, a fair use exception and an exception for non-commercial use for Swiss copyright law.

scholarly journals The legal aspect of security over future receivables in Japan and suggestions for Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. First
Author(s):  
Lien Dang Phuoc Hai
Keyword(s):  
Property Rights ◽  
Legal Aspect ◽  
Civil Code ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Financial Vulnerability ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Business Financing ◽  
Positive Impacts

Enabling the use of future receivables as collateral to access to credit is highly economically meaningful, as its development is for one thing to assist businesses and individuals to access the capital easily with movable assets to be accrued in the future, and for another thing to encourage lending by reducing the financial vulnerability of lenders. In Vietnam, the recognition of future objects as a form of property eligible to be used as collateral since the 2005 Civil Code has had positive impacts on business financing. However, the term “future objects” does not explicitly cover all types of assets to be formed in the future such as future property rights not categorized as eligible collaterals. This shortcoming later has been revised and supplemented under Decree 163/2006/ND-CP, amended by Decree 11/2012/ ND-CP (Collectively Decree 163) which permits the creation of security over both existing and future receivables. The 2005 Civil Code has been replaced by the 2015 Civil Code, and it is necessary to revise or replace Decree 163 to reflect the changes in the Civil Code and the new practice. Vietnamese Government has been collecting comments for a draft decree on security measures to replace Decree 163, and this article aims to analyze the legal schemes in the former and current Civil Code regarding the use of future receivables as security for performance obligations, and compare with Japanese laws on securitization of future receivables in Japan. The author will try to provide suggestions drawing from Japanese lawmaking for reforming Vietnamese statutory.

scholarly journals The Role of Virtual Consultations in Plastic Surgery During COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikram Sinha ◽  
Mohsan Malik ◽  
Nora Nugent ◽  
Paul Drake ◽  
Naveen Cavale
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Surgery ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Healthcare Use ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Patient Interaction ◽  
Aesthetic Plastic Surgery ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Utility ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Background: COVID-19 has led to government enforced ‘lockdown’ in the UK severely limiting face-to-face patient interaction. Virtual consultations present a means for continued patient access to healthcare. Our aim was to evaluate the use of virtual consultations (VCons) during lockdown and their possible role in the future. Methods: An anonymous survey was disseminated to UK and European plastic surgeons via social media, email sharing and, via the EASAPS (European Association of Societies of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery) newsletter. Uptake of VCons, modality, effectiveness, safety and future utility were assessed. Results: 43 senior plastic surgeons responded to the survey. The majority of the respondents (97.7%) reported using VCons during COVID-19 lockdown, of which, 74.4% had no prior experience. Two thirds of surgeons utilised commercial platforms such as zoom, facetime and skype. 38.1% of respondents did not know about or were unsure about adequate encryption for healthcare use, and just under a half (47.6%) reported they were unaware of or lacking GDPR compliance. 97.6% say they are likely to use virtual consultations after lockdown.Conclusion: Virtual consultation have had a crucial role in patient care during UK lockdown. It is clear that they will serve as an adjunct to face-to-face consultation in the future. Further regulation is required to ensure platforms offer adequate safety and security measures and are compliant with relevant data protection laws.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document