Molecular biology of the immune response

1995 ◽  
pp. 369-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy B. Mulnix ◽  
Peter E. Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Molecular Biology

Systems Biology and Infectious Diseases

2009 ◽  
pp. 377-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alia Benkahla ◽  
Lamia Guizani-Tabbane ◽  
Ines Abdeljaoued-Tej ◽  
Slimane Ben Miled ◽  
Koussay Dellagi
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Systems Biology ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Infected Cell ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Biochemical Networks ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Meaningful Information ◽  
Models And Modelling

This chapter reports a variety of molecular biology informatics and mathematical methods that model the cell response to pathogens. The authors first outline the main steps of the immune response, then list the high throughput biotechnologies, generating a wealth of information on the infected cell and some of the immune-related databases; and finally explain how to extract meaningful information from these sources. The modelling aspect is divided into modelling molecular interaction and regulatory networks, through dynamic Boolean and Bayesian models, and modelling biochemical networks and regulatory networks, through Differential/Difference Equations. The interdisciplinary approach explains how to construct a model that mimics the cell’s dynamics and can predict the evolution and the outcome of infection.

Chemical studies of the combining sites of antibodies

1966 ◽  
Vol 166 (1003) ◽  
pp. 188-206 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Biological Function ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Synthetic Polypeptides ◽  
Chemical Studies ◽  
Antibody Structure ◽  
Synthetic Antigens

Recent advances in molecular biology have permitted significant progress in correlating the chemical structure and biological function of naturally occurring macromolecules. The problem of the nature and mechanism of the immune response is a field of molecular biology which still poses many difficulties at both the cellular and the molecular level. The heterogeneity of antibodies is an outstanding example of these difficulties. One of the approaches to a better understanding of the chemical basis of immunological phenomena was the use of simple and well-defined molecules as elicitors of the various types of immune response. The use of synthetic polypeptides, polypeptidyl proteins, and of conjugates of various small molecules with synthetic polypeptides in studies of the molecular basis of immunological phenomena (for review, see Sela 1966) facilitates, due to the relative simplicity of these antigenic models, the interpretation of results obtained with them and sometimes permits the detection of differences, such as genetic variations in the capacity to produce specific antibodies (Levine, Ojeda & Benacerraf 1963; McDevitt & Sela 1965), which are not observable with complex natural antigens. Antibodies directed toward synthetic polypeptides may prove useful in studies of the antibody structure and biosynthesis, as it should be possible to correlate differences between the antibodies with the known differences between the synthetic antigens.

scholarly journals Molecular biology and immunology of cytomegalovirus

1987 ◽  
Vol 241 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
P D Griffiths ◽  
J E Grundy
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Immune Defence ◽  
Herpes Viruses ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Defence Mechanisms ◽  
Rapid Improvement ◽  
Coding Regions ◽  
Specific Host ◽  
Cell Mediated Immune Response

The application of modern biochemical techniques has led to a rapid improvement in our knowledge of the molecular biology of CMV. Several coding regions of the DNA genome have been identified with certainty and major virus-coded proteins have been given provisional names. The cascade expression of the CMV genome has been shown to be controlled by mechanisms similar to those found in other herpes viruses, together with novel post-transcriptional controls which remain to be defined. The control of CMV replication by the host involves both non-specific and specific defence mechanisms. The induction of natural killer cells and interferon early after CMV infection appears to be the most important aspects of the non-specific host defence against the virus. The cell-mediated immune response, in particular the generation of Tc cells against CMV early antigens, is probably the most important facet of the specific immune defence against CMV. When intact these defence mechanisms appear to be efficient in restricting viral replication; however, when such immunity is compromised, the balance rapidly swings in favour of the virus. As our understanding of the interaction between the host and the virus increases, it may be possible to redress the balance in such cases in favour of the host.

Vaccination for respiratory immunity: latest developments

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-158
Author(s):  
Richard Harland
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Dna Immunization ◽  
Optimal Method ◽  
Deletion Mutations

AbstractAdvances over the last 20 years in immunology and molecular biology have provided many new tools for identifying the important antigens and new ways to achieve the appropriate immune responses to these antigens. These provide many more options to achieve the best immune response from deletion mutations, subunit antigens, vectors or DNA immunization. These tools are being adopted to screen, discover and produce the appropriate antigens and to deliver them by the optimal method and with novel adjuvants to achieve the appropriate immune response. These developments will result in vaccines for respiratory disease that are safer and more efficacious, and provide greater flexibility for use and administration.

Severe Acneiform Facial Eruption: An Updated Prevention, Pathogenesis and Management

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Family History ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Acneiform Eruption ◽  
The Family ◽  
Therapeutic Measures ◽  
Psychosocial Morbidity

Acne scarrings and papulopustular rosacea (PPR) are well documented cutaneous condition associated with major psychosocial morbidity. The burden of disease to the family and society is significant. A positive family history is a predictor. Inflammation involved an interplay of body inmate immunity and pro-inflammatory mediators, cytokines, neuropeptides and defence immune response to microbiomes results acneiform eruption. Modern research in molecular biology, neuroimmunology and clinical science enable the practicing physician to understand more about the pathogenesis of this complex skin disease and hence better therapeutic measures and management of the disease.

scholarly journals A Bioinformatics View of Glycan–Virus Interactions

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Mercier ◽  
Mariethoz ◽  
Lascano-Maillard ◽  
Bonnardel ◽  
Imberty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Online Databases ◽  
Weak Points ◽  
Host Virus Interactions ◽  
Virus Interactions

Evidence of the mediation of glycan molecules in the interaction between viruses and their hosts is accumulating and is now partially reflected in several online databases. Bioinformatics provides convenient and efficient means of searching, visualizing, comparing, and sometimes predicting, interactions in numerous and diverse molecular biology applications related to the -omics fields. As viromics is gaining momentum, bioinformatics support is increasingly needed. We propose a survey of the current resources for searching, visualizing, comparing, and possibly predicting host–virus interactions that integrate the presence and role of glycans. To the best of our knowledge, we have mapped the specialized and general-purpose databases with the appropriate focus. With an illustration of their potential usage, we also discuss the strong and weak points of the current bioinformatics landscape in the context of understanding viral infection and the immune response to it.

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