Lessons Learned From a Chlorine Gas Leakage in Dezful City, Iran

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Gholamreza Masoumi ◽  
Mohammad Maniey ◽  
Hamidreza Aghababaeian ◽  
Abbas Ostadtaghizadeh ◽  
Ladan Araghi Ahvazi
Keyword(s):  
Warning System ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Chemical Safety ◽  
Danger Zone ◽  
Khuzestan Province ◽  
Gas Leakage ◽  
Intervention Plan ◽  
Chlorine Gas ◽  
Lack Of Control ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

Abstract Dezful is the capital of Dezful County, a city in Khuzestan Province, Iran. On August 12, 2017, after a chlorine gas leakage in Dezful, more than 475 people were affected by chlorine gas, and they all suffered from respiratory complications. A lot of problems were encountered in the preparation of the relief forces and organization of the blueprint on how to respond to the incident, such as lack of knowledge on establishment of danger zone, lack of warning system, lack of proper triage and absence of decontamination plans, lack of special chemical safety outfit and respiratory equipment for rescuers, lack of instructions for proper handling, lack of knowledge in dealing with this type of disaster, and inappropriate evacuation skills and failure to cordon off and insure the location of the incident. Although the initial measures to arrest this crisis was performed based on the health system’s instructions of the country with regard to all the possible risks, lack of a comprehensive inter-organizational program and prevention plans, lack of control plans, lack of adequate preparation and response to chemical poisoning, lack of foresight, lack of a risk plan, and lack of an intervention plan for these incidents were the reasons for the damages and problems encountered after the crisis.

Gas Leakage Warning System

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avinash Krishnan Raghunath ◽  
Srimathi Chandrasekaran ◽  
Robin Ram Mohan Doss ◽  
M. A. Saleem Durai
Keyword(s):  
Warning System ◽  
Gas Leakage

Development of Novel Fire Alarm Warning System Using Automated Remote Messaging Method

2015 ◽  
Vol 793 ◽  
pp. 578-584
Author(s):  
M.S. Jamri ◽  
Zul Hasrizal Bohari ◽  
M.F. Baharom ◽  
M.H. Jali ◽  
M.N.M. Nasir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Warning System ◽  
Fire Department ◽  
Smoke Detector ◽  
Alarm System ◽  
Fire Alarm ◽  
Gas Leakage ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Prevention System ◽  
Fire Alarm System ◽  
Building Owner

This paper discussed on design and development of fire warning system using automated remote messaging method. This device enables to alert the owner whenever fire occur that need rapid attention towards the building. This is maybe due to carelessness of user or gas leakage. Fire warning system is an existing project but it will be enhanced. This project discussed the design and implementation of a fire alarm system using the microcontroller which controlled the entire system. This system comprised of smoke detector that linked to PIC and GSM Modem. When smoke detected, the fire alarm will triggered and send a signal to the PIC. The PIC will process the data and transmit the signal to the GSM modem. The GSM modem will send message to alert the building owner. The owner can make further action by informing the nearest fire department. This module is applied for transferring of GSM SMS message to the owner mobile number. The devices can be the early and fast prevention system for building owner.

scholarly journals Communication architecture of an early warning system

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2215-2228 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Angermann ◽  
M. Guenther ◽  
K. Wendlandt
Keyword(s):  
Early Warning ◽  
Early Warning System ◽  
Satellite Communication ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Communication Architecture ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Communication Links

Abstract. This article discusses aspects of communication architecture for early warning systems (EWS) in general and gives details of the specific communication architecture of an early warning system against tsunamis. While its sensors are the "eyes and ears" of a warning system and enable the system to sense physical effects, its communication links and terminals are its "nerves and mouth" which transport measurements and estimates within the system and eventually warnings towards the affected population. Designing the communication architecture of an EWS against tsunamis is particularly challenging. Its sensors are typically very heterogeneous and spread several thousand kilometers apart. They are often located in remote areas and belong to different organizations. Similarly, the geographic spread of the potentially affected population is wide. Moreover, a failure to deliver a warning has fatal consequences. Yet, the communication infrastructure is likely to be affected by the disaster itself. Based on an analysis of the criticality, vulnerability and availability of communication means, we describe the design and implementation of a communication system that employs both terrestrial and satellite communication links. We believe that many of the issues we encountered during our work in the GITEWS project (German Indonesian Tsunami Early Warning System, Rudloff et al., 2009) on the design and implementation communication architecture are also relevant for other types of warning systems. With this article, we intend to share our insights and lessons learned.

KLR Approach as an Early Warning Indicator of Turkish Currency and Banking Crisis in 2000 and 2001

2016 ◽  
pp. 222-239
Author(s):  
Filiz Eryılmaz
Keyword(s):  
Early Warning ◽  
Early Warning System ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Banking Crisis ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Window Approach ◽  
Global Growth

International organizations as private sector institutions started to develop Early Warning System [EWS] models aiming to anticipate whether and when individual countries can collide with a financial crisis. EWS models can be made most useful to help sustain global growth and maintain financial stability, especially in light of the lessons learned from the current and past crises. This paper proposes Early Warning Systems (EWS) for Turkish Currency and Banking Crisis in 2000 and 2001. To that end “KLR model” or “signaling window” approach developed by Kaminski, Lorezondo and Reinhart (1998) is testified in the empirical part of this research and applied to a sample of Turkey macroeconomic data for the 1998-2003 monthly periods.

Computational chemistry solutions supporting chemical safety assessment: Lessons learned for using in silico approaches

2015 ◽  
Vol 238 (2) ◽  
pp. S169-S170
Author(s):  
M. Cronin ◽  
F. Bois ◽  
E. Fioravanzo ◽  
T. Meinl ◽  
D. Neagu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computational Chemistry ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Chemical Safety

scholarly journals LPG Gas Detecting Robot Based on IOT

2020 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 01006
Author(s):  
Tanzila Younas ◽  
Deepak Kumar Mukhi ◽  
Mufaddal Saifuddin ◽  
S M Faiz Hassan Zaidi ◽  
M Mahad Fayyaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Mobile Device ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Potential Hazard ◽  
Leakage Detection ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Human Interference ◽  
Gas Leakage

With new innovations and technologies world besides being facilitated is also subjected to face the threat of major misadventures and disasters. Likewise, Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is generally used in household for kitchen in general and gas geysers or heaters in winter. Similarly, industries use it for different causes for instance furnace, boiling and get higher production at cheaper rate. Besides, this gas is igneous gas and can cause potential hazard at any time. Hence, in this paper research is made on Internet of Things (IOT) to reduce the chances of such mishaps by presenting a model of microcontroller-based LPG gas detecting and warning system. Furthermore, it explicates the development of self-directed android based mobile device for gas leakage detection that can be installed in all sort of places. Moreover, this device would be containing MQ6 sensor to detect the unwanted outflow and GPS module to locate particular location of leakage what is more Arduino is installed to disseminate information of leakage to different servers like Smartphones, Email and buzzer and shall give display on LCD. Subsequently, it will send the mobile alert to authorized and concerned authorities to take action with in time and there would be buzzer installed. In addition, this device promises automatic working with no need of human interference and assures reliability, efficiency along with cost-effectiveness check-ups of pipeline.

On the development and operationalization of an impact-based forecasting system to support early action for river floods in Zambia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Giodini ◽  
Aklilu Teklesadik ◽  
Jannis Visser ◽  
Orla Canavan ◽  
Innocent Bwalya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Warning ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Emergency Operation ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Early Action ◽  
Local Decision ◽  
The Impact

<div>Flooding in Zambia occurs on almost an annual basis greatly affecting the livelihoods of communities. Early action is crucial to mitigate the impact of flooding but needs to be guided by an early warning that is credible and actionable, linked to situational awareness based on data.  The 510 data team at the Netherlands Red Cross has been working together with the Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre, Zambia Red Cross Society, Water Resources Management Authority (WARMA) and Zambia Disaster Management and Mitigation Unit (DMMU) to develop a data driven early warning system to support impact based early action implementation. The system has been co-designed with the relevant local stakeholders and  integrates a hydrological model with a vulnerability capacity assessment based on secondary data for the whole country at the highest level of possible granularity (district level). A threshold based trigger model has been developed together with local decision makers to activate the system with a lead time up to 7 days. The system is being integrated in the Emergency Operation Centre operated by Zambia's DMMU as a part of the country standard early action protocol. This paper describes the system design, results from the first activations and lessons learned. </div>

Don’t Miss “Obvious” Hazards: Lessons Learned From Chemical Safety Board Investigations

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Equipment Failure ◽  
Industrial Accidents ◽  
Chemical Safety ◽  
Actual Case ◽  
Good Practices ◽  
Critical Phases

The United States Chemical Safety & Hazard Investigation Board (CSB) was conceived by Congress following a series of catastrophic industrial accidents in the mid to late 1980s. This federal agency is charged with investigating incidents at chemical and manufacturing facilities, determining the causes, and making recommendations to prevent future accidents. This paper focuses on the findings from several CSB investigations related to equipment failure. Numerous codes, standards, and good practice guidelines are in place to govern the design, maintenance, and operation of vessels. However, the CSB has found that serious accidents continue to occur because of poor implementation of established guidance. This paper uses actual case studies to illustrate problems with equipment that ultimately led to catastrophes. Lessons learned from these incidents include designing equipment with adequate overpressure protection, adjusting inspection frequencies based on actual observations, and requiring written procedures for critical phases such as startup. Additional good practices and recommendations from the CSB are discussed with each of the case studies.

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