Risk Factor Recognition for Automatic Safety Management in Construction Sites Using Fast Deep Convolutional Neural Networks

Many industrial accidents occur at construction sites. Several countries are instating safety management measures to reduce industrial accidents at construction sites. However, there are few technical measures relevant to this task, and there are safety blind spots related to differences in human resources’ capabilities. We propose a deep convolutional neural network that automatically recognizes possible material and human risk factors in the field regardless of individual management capabilities. The most suitable learning method and model for this study’s task and environment were experimentally identified, and visualization was performed to increase the interpretability of the model’s prediction results. The fine-tuned Safety-MobileNet model showed a high performance of 99.79% (30 ms), demonstrating its high potential to be applied in actual construction sites. In addition, via visualization, the cause of the model’s confusion of classes could be found in a dataset that the model did not predict correctly, and insights for result analysis could be presented. The material and human risk factor recognition model presented in this study can contribute to solving various practical problems, such as the absence of accident prevention systems, the limitations of human resources for safety management, and the difficulties in applying safety management systems to small construction companies.

Industry Process Safety

This chapter deals with the issue of process safety in industrial companies and major accident prevention. In the present-day technologically advanced world, industrial accidents appear ever more frequently, and the field of major accident prevention has become a dynamically developing discipline. With accelerating technical progress, risks of industrial accidents are to be reduced. In the first part, possible approaches to quantitative risk assessment are presented; and continuing it focuses on the system of risk management in industrial establishments. This chapter aims at providing experiences, knowledge, as well as new approaches to the prevention of major accidents caused by the implementation of the Seveso III Directive.

Health of Convicted Persons in the Third Generation of the Longitudinal Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development

Research suggests that convicted persons are more likely than non-convicted persons to suffer poor health. However, few longitudinal studies have investigated associations between health and offending across generations. Using the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development, this article prospectively investigates the relationship between health and offending across generations and between genders. At the average age of 25, third generation convicted males and females reported a higher incidence of serious drug use than non-convicted persons. Convicted males reported a higher incidence of mental illness and self-harm, whereas convicted females reported a lower incidence of physical illness, mental illness, self-harm and hospitalizations when compared to non-convicted females. Convicted males reported a higher incidence of industrial accidents, sports injuries and fight injuries, but a lower incidence of road accidents, whereas convicted females were more likely to report road accidents. Like their fathers, convicted males show worse health compared to non-convicted individuals.

DYNAMIC SAFETY INTERACTIONS FOR IMPROVING QUALITY OF WORK LIFE: A PROPOSED CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR ENGINEERS IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES

In Malaysia's manufacturing industry, workplace accidents and injuries are a big problem. This industry has made only minor progress in terms of reducing fatalities and significant injuries. The fatal injury rate decreased marginally; however, the previous year's severe injury rate stayed unchanged. (Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH), 2021). As a result, manufacturing safety continues to be a severe issue in Malaysia. The organisational nature of industrial accidents has been highlighted in safety literature, and empirical study has focused on determining the organisational, managerial, and environmental elements that influence accident causation. The majority of prior works have emphasised the concept of safety culture (or safety climate). Scholars have recently begun to look into additional organisational elements, such as the impact of organisational environment, leadership style, and occupational stressors on industrial accidents. This study presents a conceptual framework to investigate the interaction between safety climate and safety behaviour in Malaysia's manufacturing sector, with the goal of developing more effective safety interventions to reduce accidents.

Shareholders and the environment: a review of four decades of academic research

We provide a synthesis of four decades of empirical research regarding the reaction of shareholders to environmental events. This literature is at the crossroads of finance, environmental economics, management and corporate social responsibility (CSR). To set the stage, we first provide an account of the Brumadinho ecological disaster that occurred in Brazil on January 25th, 2019. Second, we provide a critical review of more than 100 event studies. These papers cover a diverse set of events, such as industrial accidents, public disclosure programs, legal actions following environmental violations, changes in environmental regulation, environmental news, and corporate initiatives. This review makes four contributions. First is the synthesis of a large strand of literature in a structured setting, so as to be readily handled by both experts and non-experts. Second is the observation that stock market penalties in the event of environmental concerns are likely to be quite low: on average there is a (temporary) drop in the excess stock market return to events that are harmful to the environment of about 2% and the median is −0.6%. Third is to highlight the limits of CSR as a business strategy towards a sustainable society. Fourth is to provide an open access bibliographic database.