scholarly journals From Glass to Glaze in al-Andalus: Local Invention and Technological Transfer

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Elena Salinas ◽  
Jorge De Juan ◽  
Juan M. Piñero ◽  
M. Teresa Casal ◽  
Nadine Schibille ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distinct Type ◽  
Western World ◽  
Lead Glass ◽  
Archaeological Remains ◽  
Technological Transfer ◽  
Indigenous Innovation ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Early Islamic ◽  
High Lead

It has long been assumed that lead glazing technology preceded glassmaking in the Western world and that the technological transfer was from glazes to glass. Here, we present new evidence for the reverse, the indigenous innovation of glassmaking and its transfer to glazes in early Islamic al-Andalus (Spain). Compositional analyses show that Islamic lead glazes from Córdoba are intimately related to a distinct type of high-lead glass, suggesting a connection between the two technologies. The archaeological remains from a pottery workshop indicate that the glazing process initially involved the production of a lead glass and is not linked to earlier Roman or other contemporary glazing technologies. The data also demonstrate that the potters not only used the same materials and techniques but borrowed stylistic and decorative models from glassmaking.

Maritime trade in early Islamic-period glass: New evidence from the Maʻagan Mikhael B shipwreck

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 102903
Author(s):  
Eyal Natan ◽  
Yael Gorin-Rosen ◽  
Agnese Benzonelli ◽  
Deborah Cvikel
Keyword(s):  
Maritime Trade ◽  
Islamic Period ◽  
Early Islamic Period ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Early Islamic

The identification of high‐lead glass using simple methods

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Gerhard Eggert
Keyword(s):  
Lead Glass ◽  
High Lead

Influence of the preparing conditions on the physicochemical characteristics of glasses for thick film hybrid microelectronics

1994 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 2304-2313 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Prudenziati ◽  
B. Morten ◽  
P. Savigni ◽  
G. Guizzetti
Keyword(s):  
Thick Film ◽  
Specular Reflection ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Glassy Matrix ◽  
Lead Glass ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
The Difference ◽  
High Lead

Seven batches of a high-lead glass were used for the preparation of RuO2-based thick film resistors. Investigation of their electrical properties showed a lack of reproducibility of results whose origin was related to changes of the physicochemical properties of the glassy matrix. A systematic investigation of the glass batches, both in form of frit powders and screen printed and fired layers, was carried out with several spectroscopies to detect changes in composition and structure. The spectroscopic methods included x-ray Energy Dispersive Fluorescence (EDS), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Atomic Absorption (AA), diffuse optical reflection of the powders and specular reflection of the layers, optical transmission, and other complementary methods. The dissolution of Al, due to interaction between the glasses and the alumina substrate, as well as the diffusivity and solubility of Ag due to interaction with the Ag-bearing terminations were measured. The results demonstrated that, apart from small compositional differences, the various batches were characterized by differences in residual stresses, redox reactions, and “microstructure.” The latter was responsible for very notable differences in the optical properties of the glasses, which in turn are closely related with the difference in atomic solubility and diffusivity. Optical spectroscopies have been found to be a suitable means for testing reproducible preparation methods of glass frits for thick-film hybrid microelectronics.

Archaeology and the History of Early Islam: The First Seventy Years

2003 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Johns
Keyword(s):  
Islamic State ◽  
Early Islam ◽  
Il Y A ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Early Islamic ◽  
Material Evidence

AbstractThe rarity of material evidence for the religion of Islam during the first seventy years of the hijra (622-92 CE) has been used to attack the traditional positivist account of the rise of Islam. However, the earliest declarations of Islam are to be found on media produced by the early Islamic state. It is therefore mistake to read too much significance into the absence of such declarations prior to the formation of that state by Abd al-Malik (685-705 CE). There is little prospect that archaeology will uncover new evidence of Islam from the first seventy years. Le manque de données matérielles sur la religion de l'Islam pendant les sept premières décennies de l'hégire (622-92) a été utilisé pour réfuter la théorie positiviste traditionelle de l'essor de l'Islam. Cependant, les premières déclarations de l'Islam sont à trouver dans des oeuvres produites par l'Etat islamique à ses débuts. Il est donc erroné d'attribuer trop de sens à l'absence de telles déclarations avant la formation de cet Etat par Abd al-Malik (685-705). Il y a peu de perspectives de nouvelles découvertes archéologiques sur l'Islam des sept premières décennies.

Kinetics of Ag Distribution in High Lead Glass by Real Time Synchrotron Powder Diffraction

2000 ◽  
Vol 321-324 ◽  
pp. 1051-1055
Author(s):  
B. Fortin ◽  
A.F. Gualtieri ◽  
Matteo Leoni ◽  
M. Prudenziati ◽  
C.C. Tang
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Lead Glass ◽  
Synchrotron Powder Diffraction ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
High Lead

The ‘Gestapu’ events of 1965 in Indonesia: New evidence from Russian and German archives

2008 ◽  
Vol 163 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ragna Boden
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Communist Party ◽  
Western World ◽  
New Evidence

One of the unsolved riddles of Indonesian history in the twentieth century is the so-called Gestapu affair and its aftermath. For the murder of six army generals on the night of 30 September 1965 the Indonesian communists and President Soekarno were widely held responsible. Indonesian leftists – real and alleged – were persecuted; hundreds of thousands were killed. The longterm consequences affected Indonesian domestic as well as foreign policy: the changeover in government resulted in 30 years of rule by Soeharto; the Partai Komunis Indonesia (PKI, Indonesian Communist Party) and leftist organizations were banned; relations with China were severed, those with the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) were reduced; and ties with Washington and the Western world intensified.

Corning0120 High-Lead Glass Subject to Shock Loading

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo Farfan ◽  
William Reinhart ◽  
Scott Alexander
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Shock Loading ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Lead Glass ◽  
Pressure Shock ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Response Characteristics ◽  
Gas Gun ◽  
Reflector System ◽  
High Lead

Abstract Equation of state properties were studied for the high-lead glass Corning 0120, which is a potash-soda-lead glass also referred to as G12. This glass, which contains approximately 30% PbO by weight and has a density, ρo, of 3.034 g/cm3 possesses properties suitable for many applications in industry such as optical components for space exploration instrumentation. Further understanding of its mechanical properties is desired for more complex applications in various fields, including applications where the glass may experience high-pressure shock loading. In this work plate impact experiments were conducted to determine the dynamic response of Corning 0120 at high stress levels. Tests were conducted over the pressure range from approximately 5 to 24 GPa utilizing the 90 mm bore single-stage powder driven gas gun at the Sandia National Laboratories STAR Facility. For this study, we used one-inch diameter Corning 0120 glass samples of two different thicknesses (3 mm and 7 mm) to use the evolution of the shock wave propagation through the material for analysis. The time-resolved material response was measured by means of a Velocity Interferometer System for Any Reflector system (VISAR). Results will be presented detailing the high-pressure shock loading response characteristics of the high-lead glass Corning 0120. Comparisons are made with similar results for lead free glass to assess the most prominent changes compared to lower density glasses and other lead filled glasses.

Devitrification kinetics of high lead glass for hybrid microelectronics

2001 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 667-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Prudenziati ◽  
B Morten ◽  
B Forti ◽  
A.F Gualtieri ◽  
G Mihai Dilliway
Keyword(s):  
Lead Glass ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
High Lead

Investigation of the processes of melting high lead glass

1965 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 774-776
Author(s):  
D. B. Ginzburg ◽  
A. Ya. Rapoport ◽  
I. G. Slivinskii ◽  
L. F. Yurkov ◽  
G. B. El'kin
Keyword(s):  
Lead Glass ◽  
High Lead
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