scholarly journals Challenges for quality control of institutional bone banking in developing countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Zeljko L. Stepanovic ◽  
Branko M. Ristic
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Quality Control ◽  
Bone Banking

Pharmaceutical Problems in Developing Countries

1986 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 701-708
Author(s):  
Gunnar Törnqvist
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Quality Control ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Policy Objectives

The circumstances and conditions bounding the use of drugs in developing countries are not, as many commentators on this subject assume, similar to those in industrialized countries. Appropriate solutions to the issues of quality control, price, and distribution present major quandaries (1). But they can be addressed if governments exhibit adequate political will and set realistic policy objectives.

Surveillance Solutions to Microbiological Problems in Water Quality Control in Developing Countries

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Lloyd ◽  
J. K. Bartram
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Quality Control ◽  
Critical Parameter ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Surveillance Strategy ◽  
Water Quality Control ◽  
Water Testing ◽  
Spurious Results

Many developing countries are failing to apply standard water quality control methods developed over almost a century in Europe and N America. In the search for simpler and cheaper methods inaccurate and spurious results are being reported in at least 10 countries in the S E Asian and Pacific regions. In countries where WHO is now promoting the development of water quality surveillance and improvement programmes the application of standard methods indicate that typically 70-85% of small supplies are faecally contaminated. Beyond the Water Decade the focus on increased coverage needs to be amplified to include improvement of the quality of service. To achieve the necessary improvements the limitations in conventional microbiological and chemical quality control must be recognised. This paper provides examples of an integrated surveillance strategy for progressive improvement. This approach involves a much greater emphasis on sanitary inspection whilst complementary critical parameter water testing is placed in a supporting role.

The Political Economy of Controlling Transnationals: The Pharmaceutical Industry in Sri Lanka, 1972–1976

1978 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjaya Lall ◽  
Senaka Bibile
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Quality Control ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Political Leadership ◽  
The Political ◽  
Great Care ◽  
Set Up

This paper describes the experience of Sri Lanka in reforming the structure of production, importation, and distribution of pharmaceuticals in the period 1972–1976. It highlights the actions and reactions of transnational pharmaceutical corporations to these reforms, and traces the achievements and problems of the State Pharmaceuticals Corporation which was set up to implement the reforms. The roles of political leadership in regulating the power of drug transnationals, and of the medical profession in resisting reform, seem to be of crucial significance. Developing countries wishing to lower the present high cost of drug delivery must proceed with great care and immense caution, since complex problems of quality control, bioequivalence, medical acceptance, and consumer reeducation are involved.

A method for prioritization of areas for pesticides surveillance on surface waters: a study in Minas Gerais, Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 1693-1698 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. T. Menezes ◽  
L. Heller
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Quality Control ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Multicriteria Analysis ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Environmental Surveillance ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
The World

The occurrence of pesticides in drinking water is a matter of growing concern in several parts of the world, mainly in developing countries, due the possible adverse effects on human health. Pesticides applied in the agriculture are an important source of contamination and are rarely monitored in surface water in developing countries, either by water supply operators or health authorities, often not accomplishing the legal issues regarding the quality control of raw waters. The paper discusses a method for prioritization of surveillance actions of pesticides in surface waters, through multicriteria analysis. Five criteria were defined and a range of weight was established for each criterion. For validation of the method, it was applied in five sub-basins of Grande River Basin—MG. This application allowed ordering priority sub-basins for pesticides surveillance, suggesting two sub-basins as priorities. The validation performed enabled the evaluation and adjustment of the method, mainly regarding the availability of information. The method showed a practical alternative for the environmental surveillance, targeting priority areas. Moreover, its structure allows the application in other different areas and for other pollutants.

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