scholarly journals Characterising the ‘Txt2Stop’ Smoking Cessation Text Messaging Intervention in Terms of Behaviour Change Techniques

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Michie ◽  
Caroline Free ◽  
Robert West
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Text Messaging ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Text Message ◽  
Behaviour Change Techniques ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Communication Techniques ◽  
Regulatory Capacity ◽  
Text Messaging Intervention

The ‘Txt2Stop’ SMS messaging programme has been found to double smokers’ chances of stopping. It is important to characterise the content of this information in terms of specific behaviour change techniques (BCTs) for the purpose of future development. This study aimed to (i) extend a proven system for coding BCTs to text messaging and (ii) characterise Txt2Stop using this system. A taxonomy previously used to specify BCTs in face-to-face behavioural support for smoking cessation was adapted for the Txt2Stop messages and inter-rater reliability for the adapted system assessed. The system was then applied to all the messages in the Txt2Stop programme to determine its profile in terms of BCTs used. The text message taxonomy comprised 34 BCTs. Inter-rater reliability was moderate, reaching a ceiling of 61% for the core program messages with all discrepancies readily resolved. Of 899 texts delivering BCTs, 218 aimed to maintain motivation to remain abstinent, 870 to enhance self-regulatory capacity or skills, 39 to promote use of adjuvant behaviours such as using stop-smoking medication, 552 to maintain engagement with the intervention and 24 were general communication techniques. The content of Txt2Stop focuses on helping smokers with self-regulation and maintaining engagement with the intervention. The intervention focuses to a lesser extent on boosting motivation to remain abstinent; little attention is given to promoting effective use of adjuvant behaviours such as use of nicotine replacement therapy. As new interventions of this kind are developed it will be possible to compare their effectiveness and relate this to standardised descriptions of their content using this system.

scholarly journals Perioperative digital behaviour change interventions for reducing alcohol consumption, improving dietary intake, increasing physical activity and smoking cessation: a scoping review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarina Åsberg ◽  
Marcus Bendtsen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Text Messaging ◽  
Text Message ◽  
Feasibility Studies ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Small Sample Sizes ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Abstract Background Evidence suggests that unhealthy lifestyle behaviours are modifiable risk factors for postoperative complications. Digital behaviour change interventions (DBCIs), for instance text messaging programs and smartphone apps, have shown promise in achieving lifestyle behaviour change in a wide range of clinical populations, and it may therefore be possible to reduce postoperative complications by supporting behaviour change perioperatively using digital interventions. This scoping review was conducted in order to identify existing research done in the area of perioperative DBCIs for reducing alcohol consumption, improving dietary intake, increasing physical activity and smoking cessation. Main text This scoping review included eleven studies covering a range of surgeries: bariatric, orthopaedic, cancer, transplantation and elective surgery. The studies were both randomised controlled trials and feasibility studies and investigated a diverse set of interventions: one game, three smartphone apps, one web-based program and five text message interventions. Feasibility studies reported user acceptability and satisfaction with the behaviour change support. Engagement data showed participation rates ranged from 40 to 90%, with more participants being actively engaged early in the intervention period. In conclusion, the only full-scale randomised controlled trial (RCT), text messaging ahead of bariatric surgery did not reveal any benefits with respect to adherence to preoperative exercise advice when compared to a control group. Two of the pilot studies, one text message intervention, one game, indicated change in a positive direction with respect to alcohol and tobacco outcomes, but between group comparisons were not done due to small sample sizes. The third pilot-study, a smartphone app, found between group changes for physical activity and alcohol, but not with respect to smoking cessation outcomes. Conclusion This review found high participant satisfaction, but shows recruitment and timing-delivery issues, as well as low retention to interventions post-surgery. Small sample sizes and the use of a variety of feasibility outcome measures prevent the synthesis of results and makes generalisation difficult. Future research should focus on defining standardised outcome measures, enhancing patient engagement and improving adherence to behaviour change prior to scheduled surgery.

scholarly journals Efficacy of an SMS-Based Smoking Intervention Using Message Self-Authorship: A Pilot Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-58
Author(s):  
Krista L. DeStasio ◽  
Anne P. Hill ◽  
Elliot T. Berkman
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Text Messaging ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Implementation Intentions ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Text Message ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Smoking Intervention ◽  
Text Messaging Intervention ◽  
Self Authorship

Introduction: Text-message-based interventions hold great potential for intervention and are increasingly feasible, given advances in information technology.Aims: This pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) aims to compare the efficacy of self-versus expert-authored content delivered via text-messaging for smoking cessation.Methods: Sixty-two participants aged 25–66 attended laboratory sessions pre- and post-30 days of text-messaging intervention. Participants were randomised to one of two experimental conditions – self-authorship (SA) only and SA with implementation intentions (SA+ii) – or active control. Participants composed 30–60 brief motivational cessation messages for use during their cessation attempt. SA+ii participants were further instructed to anticipate obstacles and form simple if-then plans to overcome them. Experimental groups received their self-authored texts during the intervention phase, whereas control participants received expert-authored messages.Results: Overall, smoking decreased as measured by change in exhaled carbon monoxide (CO), F(1,59) = 4.43, p = 0.04. The SA+ii group showed slightly greater CO reduction (M = 3.63, SD = 5.39) than control (M = 0.03, SD = 5.80; t(40) = 2.08, p = 0.04). SA alone (M = 1.97, SD = 9.30) was not more effective than control.Conclusions: SA does not appear to increase efficacy. However, this pilot supports prior research, indicating that text-based interventions can increase smoking cessation success and may decrease psychological symptoms of withdrawal. Much research is needed to identify ways to bolster intervention efficacy.

scholarly journals SmokefreeTXT Behaviour Change Technique Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 231-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iva Stoyneva ◽  
Kisha Coa ◽  
Jillian Pugatch ◽  
Amy Sanders ◽  
Mary Schwarz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Text Messaging ◽  
Behavioural Change ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Behaviour Change Techniques ◽  
Behaviour Change Technique ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Over Time

Mobile text-messaging smoking cessation interventions have demonstrated their efficacy in increasing cessation rates. These interventions tend to be multifaceted and there is a need to specify their building blocks. The purpose of this study was to use the Behavioural Change Techniques Taxonomy V1 (BCTTv1) to systematically analyse the behaviour change techniques present in the SmokefreeTXT (SFTXT) adult programme. The entire SFTXT library was coded using the BCTTv1. Frequencies were calculated to assess the presence of BCT groups and unique BCTs in the entire programme. The mix of BCTs was also examined by programme week and during periods of high user dropout. Of the 16 groups of behavioural techniques, 14 were present in SFTXT. Of the 93 distinct BCTs, 41 were present in the full SFTXT message library. The most prevalent BCT groups were Feedback and Monitoring, Natural Consequences, Social Support, and Shaping Knowledge. There were differences in the mix of BCTs across the duration of the intervention. The results will enable us to test how changes in the use of specific BCTs and their frequency of use over time, impact (1) engagement with the programme (particularly during the days with high dropout rates), and (2) smoking cessation outcomes over time.

scholarly journals Evidence-Based Digital Tools for Weight Loss Maintenance: The NoHoW Project

Obesity Facts ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
R. James Stubbs ◽  
Cristiana Duarte ◽  
António L. Palmeira ◽  
Falko F. Sniehotta ◽  
Graham Horgan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Behaviour Change Techniques ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Behavioural Science ◽  
Digital Architecture

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Effective interventions and commercial programmes for weight loss (WL) are widely available, but most people regain weight. Few effective WL maintenance (WLM) solutions exist. The most promising evidence-based behaviour change techniques for WLM are self-monitoring, goal setting, action planning and control, building self-efficacy, and techniques that promote autonomous motivation (e.g., provide choice). Stress management and emotion regulation techniques show potential for prevention of relapse and weight regain. Digital technologies (including networked-wireless tracking technologies, online tools and smartphone apps, multimedia resources, and internet-based support) offer attractive tools for teaching and supporting long-term behaviour change techniques. However, many digital offerings for weight management tend not to include evidence-based content and the evidence base is still limited. <b><i>The Project:</i></b> First, the project examined why, when, and how many European citizens make WL and WLM attempts and how successful they are. Second, the project employed the most up-to-date behavioural science research to develop a digital toolkit for WLM based on 2 key conditions, i.e., self-management (self-regulation and motivation) of behaviour and self-management of emotional responses for WLM. Then, the NoHoW trial tested the efficacy of this digital toolkit in adults who achieved clinically significant (≥5%) WL in the previous 12 months (initial BMI ≥25). The primary outcome was change in weight (kg) at 12 months from baseline. Secondary outcomes included biological, psychological, and behavioural moderators and mediators of long-term energy balance (EB) behaviours, and user experience, acceptability, and cost-effectiveness. <b><i>Impact:</i></b> The project will directly feed results from studies on European consumer behaviour, design and evaluation of digital toolkits self-management of EB behaviours into development of new products and services for WLM and digital health. The project has developed a framework and digital architecture for interventions in the context of EB tracking and will generate results that will help inform the next generation of personalised interventions for effective self-management of weight and health.

scholarly journals Characterising smoking cessation smartphone applications in terms of behaviour change techniques, engagement and ease-of-use features

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 410-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harveen Kaur Ubhi ◽  
Susan Michie ◽  
Daniel Kotz ◽  
Onno C. P. van Schayck ◽  
Abiram Selladurai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Behaviour Change Techniques ◽  
Smartphone Applications

scholarly journals Developing a text messaging-based smoking cessation intervention for young smokers experiencing homelessness

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
Joan S. Tucker ◽  
Sebastian Linnemayr ◽  
Eric R. Pedersen ◽  
William G. Shadel ◽  
Rushil Zutshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Young People ◽  
Text Messaging ◽  
Homeless Youth ◽  
Cessation Intervention ◽  
Qualitative Feedback ◽  
Quitting Smoking ◽  
Young Smokers ◽  
Future Evaluation ◽  
Text Messaging Intervention

AbstractIntroductionCigarette smoking is highly prevalent among young people experiencing homelessness, and many of these smokers are motivated to quit. However, there is a lack of readily available cessation services for this population, which is highly mobile and can be challenging to engage in services.AimsWe describe the development of a smoking cessation text messaging intervention (TMI) for homeless youth who are interested in quitting smoking.MethodsParticipants were 18–25 years old and recruited from drop-in centers serving homeless youth. Three focus groups (N = 18) were conducted with smokers to refine the TMI content, and a separate sample of smokers (N = 8) provided feedback on the TMI after using it for 1 week. Survey data assessed the TMI's acceptability and feasibility.ResultsParticipants generally rated the TMI as helpful and relevant, and nearly all had cell phone plans that included unlimited texting and were able to view TMI content with few difficulties. Qualitative feedback on strengths/limitations of the TMI in terms of content, tone, and delivery parameters was used to finalize the TMI for a future evaluation.ConclusionsResults suggest that a TMI is a feasible and acceptable option for young people experiencing homelessness who are interested in quitting smoking.

scholarly journals Improving Implementation of Smoking Cessation Guidelines in Pregnancy Care: Development of an Intervention to Address System, Maternity Service Leader and Clinician Factors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Passey ◽  
Catherine Adams ◽  
Christine Paul ◽  
Lou Atkins ◽  
Jo M. Longman
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Complex Interventions ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Advisory Group ◽  
Behaviour Change Techniques ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Maternity Services ◽  
Stakeholder Input

Abstract BackgroundSmoking during pregnancy increases the risk of multiple serious adverse infant, child and maternal outcomes, yet nearly 10% of Australian women still smoke during pregnancy. Despite evidence-based guidelines that recommend routine and repeated smoking cessation support (SCS) for all pregnant women, the provision of recommended SCS remains poor. Guidance on developing complex interventions to improve health care recommends drawing on existing theories, reviewing evidence, undertaking primary data collection, attending to future real-world implementation, and designing and refining interventions using iterative cycles with stakeholder input throughout. Here we describe using the Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW) to apply these principles in developing an intervention to improve provision of SCS in Australian maternity services.MethodsWorking closely with key stakeholders in the New South Wales (NSW) health system, we applied the steps of the BCW method then undertook a small feasibility study in one service to further refine the intervention. Stakeholders were engaged in multiple ways – as a core research team member, through a project Advisory Group, targeted meetings with policy makers, a large workshop to review potential components and the feasibility study. ResultsBarriers to and enablers of providing SCS were identified in five of six components described in the BCW method (psychological capability, physical opportunity, social opportunity, and in reflective and automatic motivation). These were mapped to intervention types and we selected education, training, enablement, environmental restructuring, persuasion, incentivisation and modelling as suitable in our context. Through application of the APEASE criteria (Affordability, Practicability, Effectiveness, Acceptability, Side effects, and Equity) in the stakeholder workshop, behaviour change techniques were selected and applied in developing the intervention which includes systems, clinician and leadership elements. The feasibility study confirmed feasibility and acceptability of the midwifery component and the need to further strengthen the leadership component. ConclusionsUsing the BCW method combined with strong stakeholder engagement from inception resulted in transparent development of the MOHMQuit intervention, which targets identified barriers to and enablers of the provision of SCS and is developed specifically for the context in which it will be implemented. The intervention is being trialed in eight public maternity services in NSW.

scholarly journals Optimizing Text Messages to Promote Engagement With Internet Smoking Cessation Treatment: Results From a Factorial Screening Experiment

10.2196/17734 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. e17734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda L Graham ◽  
George D Papandonatos ◽  
Megan A Jacobs ◽  
Michael S Amato ◽  
Sarah Cha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Text Messaging ◽  
Text Message ◽  
Smoking Cessation Program ◽  
Smoking Cessation Treatment ◽  
Screening Experiment ◽  
Cessation Intervention ◽  
Cessation Treatment ◽  
Interactive Feature ◽  
Main Effects

Background Smoking remains a leading cause of preventable death and illness. Internet interventions for smoking cessation have the potential to significantly impact public health, given their broad reach and proven effectiveness. Given the dose-response association between engagement and behavior change, identifying strategies to promote engagement is a priority across digital health interventions. Text messaging is a proven smoking cessation treatment modality and a powerful strategy to increase intervention engagement in other areas of health, but it has not been tested as an engagement strategy for a digital cessation intervention. Objective This study examined the impact of 4 experimental text message design factors on adult smokers’ engagement with an internet smoking cessation program. Methods We conducted a 2×2×2×2 full factorial screening experiment wherein 864 participants were randomized to 1 of 16 experimental conditions after registering with a free internet smoking cessation program and enrolling in its automated text message program. Experimental factors were personalization (on/off), integration between the web and text message platforms (on/off), dynamic tailoring of intervention content based on user engagement (on/off), and message intensity (tapered vs abrupt drop-off). Primary outcomes were 3-month measures of engagement (ie, page views, time on site, and return visits to the website) as well as use of 6 interactive features of the internet program. All metrics were automatically tracked; there were no missing data. Results Main effects were detected for integration and dynamic tailoring. Integration significantly increased interactive feature use by participants, whereas dynamic tailoring increased the number of features used and page views. No main effects were found for message intensity or personalization alone, although several synergistic interactions with other experimental features were observed. Synergistic effects, when all experimental factors were active, resulted in the highest rates of interactive feature use and the greatest proportion of participants at high levels of engagement. Measured in terms of standardized mean differences (SMDs), effects on interactive feature use were highest for Build Support System (SMD 0.56; 95% CI 0.27 to 0.81), Choose Quit Smoking Aid (SMD 0.38; 95% CI 0.10 to 0.66), and Track Smoking Triggers (SMD 0.33; 95% CI 0.05 to 0.61). Among the engagement metrics, the largest effects were on overall feature utilization (SMD 0.33; 95% CI 0.06 to 0.59) and time on site (SMD 0.29; 95% CI 0.01 to 0.57). As no SMD >0.30 was observed for main effects on any outcome, results suggest that for some outcomes, the combined intervention was stronger than individual factors alone. Conclusions This factorial experiment demonstrates the effectiveness of text messaging as a strategy to increase engagement with an internet smoking cessation intervention, resulting in greater overall intervention dose and greater exposure to the core components of tobacco dependence treatment that can promote abstinence. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02585206; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02585206. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR2-10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010687

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