scholarly journals New Patterns of Disclosure: How HIV-Positive Support Group Members from KwaZulu-Natal Speak of their Status in Oral Narratives

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Denis
Keyword(s):  
Support Group ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Mpumalanga Province ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Oral History Interviews ◽  
Positive Support ◽  
Hiv Aids

AbstractThis paper examines the representations and emotions associated with disclosure and stigma in Pietermaritzburg, KwaZulu-Natal, seven years after the start of the South African government’s ARV roll-out programme on the basis of in-depth oral history interviews of HIV-positive support group members. It argues that the wider availability of ARV treatment, the ensuing reduced fatality rate and the increased number of people, including men, who receive counselling and testing, may mean that HIV/AIDS is less stigmatised and that disclosure has become easier. This does not mean that stigma has disappeared and that the confusion created by competing world-views and belief systems has dissipated. Yet the situation of extreme denial and ideological confusion observed, for example, by Deborah Posel and her colleagues in 2003 and 2004 in the Mpumalanga province seems to have lessened. The interviews hint at the possibility that people living with HIV may have, more than a decade before, a language to express the emotions and feelings associated with HIV/AIDS. They were also found to be more assertive in matters of gender relations. These new attitudes would make disclosure easier and stigma more likely to recede.

IS STIGMA RECEDING? STORIES OF AIDS SUPPORT GROUP MEMBERS IN PIETERMARITZBURG, SOUTH AFRICA

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Denis ◽  
Molly Longwe ◽  
Ntokozo Zitha
Keyword(s):  
Support Groups ◽  
Support Group ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Oral History Interviews ◽  
Living With Hiv

The paper describes the experience of people living with HIV in KwaZulu-Natal. It is based on oral history interviews with members of two support groups in the Pietermaritzburg area that were conducted in 2009 and 2011, respectively. The interviews show that, if stigma and discrimination remain a key component of the experience of people living with HIV in KwaZulu-Natal, certain evolutions are taking place. Nearly all the  nterviewees were on antiretroviral treatment and their health conditions had improved. They deeply appreciated the solidarity they found in their support groups. In most cases their families, friends and neighbours responded positively when they disclosed their status. Yes, obstacles remained. The interviewees, most of whom were women, saw gender stereotypes and men’s resistance to testing, treatment and care as one of their biggest challenges.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of quality of life of HIV positive support group and non-support group members in a tertiary hospital in Anambra State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 2032
Author(s):  
Adaeze O. Okonkwo ◽  
Benjamin S. C. Uzochukwu ◽  
Chinomnso C. Nnebue
Keyword(s):  
Support Group ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Physical Domain ◽  
Perceived Health Status ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Anambra State ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Positive Support

Background: Peer support as a component of chronic disease management strategy is fast gaining prominence especially in resource poor settings. It is apt to X-ray the effects if any, of support group memberships on the quality of life (QoL) of HIV positive clients in our clime. This study aims to determine and compare the QoL of HIV positive support group and non-support group members in a tertiary hospital in Anambra state, Nigeria.Methods: This was an institution based comparative study of 482 HIV positive clients selected using a two-stage sampling. Data were collected by interview using WHOQOLHIV-Bref and semi-structured questionnaire, while data were analysed with statistical package for social sciences version 22.0. Chi square, Pearson chi square and t-test were applied as appropriate to determine statistically significant associations between variables. Level of statistical significance was set at p value of <0.05.Results: Differences between the two comparison groups include: duration of HAART treatment (p=0.003), in the physical domain (p=0.043), psychological domain (p≤0.001), and the level of independence domain (p≤0.001). More of support group members had good QoL in the physical domain (p=0.04,), psychological domain (p=0.001), level of independence domain (p≤0.001) and reported satisfaction with their perceived health status (p=0.000). Clients who were members of support group and those that reported high level of satisfaction with their perceived health status in most domains had higher QoL scores.Conclusions: We recommend continued counselling and health education on the effect of participation in support group and positive perception cum positive living on QoL.

scholarly journals Food consumption and nutritional status of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA): a case of Thika and Bungoma Districts, Kenya

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Nafula Kuria
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

AbstractObjectiveTo establish the food consumption, dietary habits and nutritional status of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) and adults whose HIV status is not established.DesignCross-sectional descriptive survey.SettingThika and Bungoma Districts, Kenya.SubjectsA random sample of 439 adults; 174 adults living with HIV/AIDS and 265 adults whose HIV/AIDS status was not established in Thika and Bungoma Districts.ResultsMajority of PLWHA consume foods that are low in nutrients to build up the immune system and help maintain adequate weight, and there is little variety in the foods they consume. More adults who are HIV-positive are undernourished than those whose status is not established. Of the HIV-positive adults, those with a BMI of ≤18·5 kg/m2 were 23·6 % (Thika 20·0 % and Bungoma 25·7 %) while of the adults whose status is not established those with BMI ≤ 18·5 kg/m2 were 13·9 % (Thika 9·3 % and Bungoma 16·7 %).ConclusionsAdults who are HIV-positive are more likely to be undernourished than those whose status is not established, as there is a significant difference (P = 0·000) between the nutritional status (BMI) of PLWHA and those whose HIV/AIDS status is not established. PLWHA consume foods that are low in nutrients to promote their nutritional well-being and health.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Analysis of HIV Disclosure Intention: The Implication of Duration of Diagnosis Knowledge and CD4 Counts Among Asymptomatic Treatment-seeking People Living with HIV/AIDS

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-89
Author(s):  
A. O. Olaseni
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
Hiv Disclosure ◽  
World Health ◽  
Treatment Seeking ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Cd4 Counts ◽  
Hiv Aids

Introduction: The spate of non-disclosure among individuals diagnosed with Human-Immunodeficiency-Virus and Acquired-Immune-Deficiency-Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) has continually been a primary global concern, especially in developing countries. Meta-analysis findings in Nigeria reported poor disclosure rates of 12.5% - 39.5%, which were far below the average disclosure benchmark of 79.0% standard stipulated for developing nations by the World Health Organization. There is no consensus regarding the roles of CD4 counts in disclosure intention. In Nigeria, there is a paucity of literature providing detailed understanding of the predictors of disclosure intention by the duration of diagnosis knowledge and CD4 counts. Methods: This study, therefore, investigated the implication of duration of diagnosis knowledge and CD4 counts in the prediction of HIV disclosure intention among people seeking HIV treatment. Longitudinal survey research designs were adopted. 390 participants were purposively selected to respond to HIV Self-Disclosure Intention Index (α=0.92), while information on CD4 counts and Duration of Diagnosis Knowledge was obtained from the selected respondents’ case files periodically. Binomial logistic regression analysis was used to analyze data at 0.05. Respondents’ mean age was 39.5±10.5 years. Results: Findings revealed that the duration of diagnosis knowledge and CD4 counts interactively predicted the outcome of disclosure intention among treatment-seeking PLHIV. (χ2 = 12.78, df = 2, p < 0.001) and further showed that the likelihood of disclosing HIV positive status increases by 13% between Time 1 (OR = -0.49, p < 0.01; 95%CI = 01.14-12.74) and Time 2 (OR = -0.36, p < 0.05; 95%CI = 01.11-10.93). Increase in CD4 counts was also found to increase the likelihood of HIV self-disclosure by 15% between Time 1 (OR = - 0.84, p < 0.01; 95%CI = 01.09-03.06) and Time 2 (OR = - 0.99, p < 0.01; 95%CI = 00.29-03.06). Conclusion: It was concluded that the duration of diagnosis knowledge and CD4 counts have significant implications in determining the intention to disclose HIV positive status. The study limitations and recommendations were further discussed.

scholarly journals Mapping evidence on adolescents’ HIV-positive status disclosure in sub-Saharan Africa: a protocol for a scoping review

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patience Adzordor ◽  
Clement Avoka ◽  
Vitalis Bawontuo ◽  
Silas Agbesi ◽  
Desmond Kuupiel
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Keyword Search ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Status Disclosure ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Background Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) homes most of the people living with HIV/AIDS in the world. Adolescents/young people are a vulnerable population and at high risk of HIV infection. Identifying and bridging the research gaps on the disclosure of HIV-positive status among adolescents, particularly to their sexual partners, is essential to inform appropriate policy planning and implementation towards preventing HIV transmission. This study will aim to explore literature and describe the evidence on HIV-positive status disclosure among adolescents in SSA. Methods The framework provided by Arksey and O’Malley’s framework and improved by Levac and colleagues will be used to conduct a scoping review. A keyword search for relevant literature presenting evidence on HIV-positive status disclosure among adolescents in SSA will be conducted in CINAHL, PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and SCOPUS. Date limitations will be removed, but Boolean terms “AND” and “OR” as well as Medical Subject Headings terms will be included where possible and syntax modified to suit the database during the search. Additional relevant articles will be sought from the reference lists of all included studies using a snowballing method. Two reviewers will independently screen the articles at the abstract and full-text screening phases in order to reduce bias and improve the reliability of this study’s findings. A tabular form will be developed using Microsoft Word and piloted for data extraction. Thematic content analysis will be conducted, and a narrative summary of all relevant outcomes reported. Quality appraisal of the included studies for this proposed study will be performed utilizing the recent mixed methods appraisal tool. Discussion The evidence produced by this review may help inform policy and strategies to reduce the incidence of HIV infection among adolescents and improve social support for adolescents living with HIV/AIDS in SSA. It may also reveal literature gaps to guide future researches to further inform HIV policies for adolescents in SSA. Platforms such as peer review journals, policy briefs, and conferences will be used to disseminate this study’s findings.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Depression and Associated Factors among Adult HIV/AIDS-Positive Patients Attending ART Clinics of Ethiopia: 2021

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Bitew Tefera Zewudie ◽  
Shegaw Geze ◽  
Yibeltal Mesfin ◽  
Muche Argaw ◽  
Haimanot Abebe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Hiv Care ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Depression Prevalence ◽  
Hiv Aids

Introduction. Depression is the most common mental health problem in people living with the human immune virus. It ranges from 11% to 63% in low- and middle-income countries. Depression was high in people living with HIV/AIDS in developing countries, especially in the Ethiopian context. Even though depression has negative consequences on HIV-positive patients, the care given for depression in resource-limited countries like Ethiopia is below the standard in their HIV care programs. Method. International databases (Google Scholar, PubMed, Hinari, Embase, and Scopus) and Ethiopian university repository online have been covered in this review. Data were extracted using Microsoft Excel and analyzed by using the Stata version 14 software program. We detected the heterogeneity between studies using the I 2 test. We checked publication bias using a funnel plot test. Results. The overall pooled depression prevalence among adult HIV/AIDS patients attending antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia was 36.3% (95% CI: 28.4%, 44.2%) based on the random effect analysis. Adult HIV/AIDS patients having CD4 count < 200 ( AOR = 5.1 ; 95% CI: 2.89, 8.99), widowed marital status ( AOR = 3.7 ; 95% CI: 2.394, 5.789), medication nonadherence ( AOR = 2.3 ; 95% CI: 1.63, 3.15), poor social support (2.986) (95% CI: 2.139, 4.169), perceived social stigma (2.938) (2.305, 3.743), opportunistic infections (3.010) (2.182, 4.151), and adverse drug reactions (4.013) (1.971, 8.167) were significantly associated with depression among adult HIV/AIDS patients on antiretroviral therapy, in Ethiopia. Conclusion and Recommendation. The pooled depression prevalence among adult HIV/AIDS patients attending antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia was higher than the general population and is alarming for the government to take special consideration for HIV-positive patients. Depression assessment for all HIV-positive patients and integrating with mental health should be incorporated to ensure early detection, prevention, and treatment. Community-based and longitudinal study designs mainly focusing on the incidence and determinants of depression among adult HIV/AIDS patients should be done in the future.

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