scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF DESIGN BRIEF INFORMATION ON CREATIVE OUTCOMES BY NOVICE AND ADVANCED STUDENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 3041-3050
Author(s):  
Georgios Koronis ◽  
Hernan Casakin ◽  
Arlindo Silva ◽  
Jacob Kai Siang Kang
Keyword(s):  
Design Education ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Frame Design ◽  
Design Creativity ◽  
Abstract Representations ◽  
Advanced Students ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Fishbone Diagram ◽  
Design Expertise ◽  
Novel Design

AbstractThis study centers on using different types of brief information to support creative outcomes in architectural and engineering design and its relation to design expertise. We explore the influence of design briefs characterized by abstract representations and/or instructions to frame design problems on the creativity of concept sketches produced by novice and advanced students. Abstract representations of problem requirements served as stimuli to encourage associative thinking and knowledge transfer. The Ishikawa/Fishbone Diagram was used to foster design restructuring and to modify viewpoints about the main design drives and goals. The design outcomes generated by novice and advanced engineering/architecture students were assessed for their creativity using a pairwise experimental design. Results indicated that advanced students generated more novel design solutions while also contributing the most useful solutions overall. Implications for creativity in design education and professional practice are presented. Educational programs aimed at promoting creativity in the design studio may find it helpful to consider that the way design briefs are constructed can either promote or inhibit different aspects of design creativity.

scholarly journals DIFFERENCES BETWEEN BEGINNING AND ADVANCED STUDENTS USING SPECIFIC ANALOGICAL STIMULI DURING DESIGN-BY-ANALOGY

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1273-1282
Author(s):  
Jiang Xu ◽  
Han Lu ◽  
Yu Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Design Problem ◽  
Design Education ◽  
Free Association ◽  
Levels Of Abstraction ◽  
Design Fixation ◽  
Advanced Students ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Design By Analogy ◽  
Beginning Students ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractStudies reported the effects of different types and different levels of abstraction of analogical stimuli on designers. However, specific, single visual analogical stimuli on the effects of designers have not been reported. We define this type of stimuli as specific analogical stimuli. We used the extended linkography method to analyze the facilitating and limiting effects of specific analogical stimuli and free association analogical stimuli (nonspecific analogical stimuli) on the students' creativity at different design levels. The results showed that: (1) Advanced students focused on exploring the depth of the design problem while beginning students tended to explore the breadth of the design problem. (2) Nonspecific analogical stimuli enhanced the creativity of beginning students. However, its impact on advanced students is less pronounced. (3) The specific analogical stimuli attract the students into design fixation. Furthermore, it has a more pronounced effect on advanced students. These results illustrate the differences in the effects of specific analogy stimuli on the students at different design levels. It clarifies the use of analogical stimuli in design and the teaching of analogical design methods in design education.

Working Together

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Randi Veiteberg KVELLESTAD ◽  
Ingeborg STANA ◽  
VATN Gunhild
Keyword(s):  
Design Education ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Arts And Crafts ◽  
Action Research Project ◽  
Student Groups ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Personal Qualities ◽  
Manual Skills

Teamwork involves different types of interactions—specifically cooperation andcollaboration—that are necessary in education and many other professions. The differencesbetween cooperation and collaboration underline the teacher’s role in influencing groupdynamics, which represent both a foundation for professional design education and aprequalification for students’ competences as teachers and for critical evaluation. As a testcase, we focused on the Working Together action-research project in design education forspecialised teacher training in design, arts, and crafts at the Oslo Metropolitan University,which included three student groups in the material areas of drawing, ceramics, and textiles.The project developed the participants’ patience, manual skills, creativity, and abilities,which are important personal qualities for design education and innovation and representcornerstones in almost every design literacy and business environment. The hope is thatstudents will transform these competences to teaching pupils of all ages in their futurecareers.

Hybrid buffer‐based optical packet switch with negative acknowledgment for multilevel data centers

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumit Chandra ◽  
Shahnaz Fatima ◽  
Raghuraj Singh Suryavanshi
Keyword(s):  
Data Centers ◽  
Web Applications ◽  
Optical Switch ◽  
Contention Resolution ◽  
Multilevel Data ◽  
All Optical ◽  
Optical Buffering ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Packet Switch ◽  
Novel Design

AbstractIn the present scenario, data centers serve many functionalities like storage, transfer of data, supporting web applications, etc. In data centers, various levels of hierarchy different types of switches are required; therefore, multifunctional data centers are desired. This paper discusses a novel design for optical switch which can be placed at various levels of hierarchy. In the proposed design, multifunctionality contention resolution schemes which consider electronic and optical buffering and all-optical negative acknowledgment (AO-NACK) are considered. In buffering technologies, contending packets are stored in either in electronic RAM or in fiber delay lines. In case of the AO-NACK scheme, contending packets are blocked, and a negative acknowledgment is sent back to the transmitting node and blocked packets are retransmitted. For various considered schemes, Monte Carlo simulation have been performed, results in terms of packet loss probability are presented, and it has been found that the performance of optical buffering is much superior to electronic buffering and AO-NACK schemes. It is found that, in the AO-NACK scheme, the numbers of retransmitted packets due to contention blocking are 33,304 which can be reduced to 7, by using a small amount of buffer at each node.

scholarly journals ІННОВАЦІЇ ПРАКТИЧНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ ФАХІВЦІВ З ДИЗАЙНУ ОДЯГУ НА ОСНОВІ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ФОРМОУТВОРЕННЯ ІСТОРИЧНОГО КОСТЮМА

2019 ◽  
pp. 125-135
Author(s):  
Т. В. Ніколаєва ◽  
І. В. Давиденко ◽  
А. І Баранова ◽  
Т. Ф. Кротова
Keyword(s):  
Design Education ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Practical Aspect ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Design Activity ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Clothing Design ◽  
Creative Education ◽  
Fashion Designers

Determination of the components of practical aspect of the development of design education in order to form the professional competences in the learning process, which will contribute to the development of the creative direction in the solution of design problems, and due to an innovative approach, focused on practical skills development as one of strategic directions of development and modernization of professional creative education in the basis of historical and cultural heritage. Methodology. The literary, analytical, historiographic, analytical-associative, problem-design and system-structural analysis of the formation of the tasks of practical training for clothing designers based on the study of the shaping of historical costume of the XX century has been used; system analysis and classification of original means of constructing a form of clothing designed by famous couturiers of the 20th century; structuring of optimal design tools for the forms of a modern suit, with a view to using it in practical training of specialists. Results. The introduction of innovative means of formation of the modern costume in the practical training of clothing designers, based on the study of the principles of shaping of the historical clothing by famous couturiers of the XX century and implementation of original artistic and structural tools in the reconstruction and design of promising collections of costume, will contribute to the development of creative abilities of future specialists and a significant increase in the level of professional and creative education. Scientific novelty. The analysis of the innovative means of costume shaping based on the study of the artistic and compositional features of the design activity well-known fashion designers of the twentieth century, in order to include the tasks of reconstruction of costume forms in a program of practical training for future clothing designers. Practical significance. The results of the research are used in the development of programs for practical training of future specialists in the field of clothing design, organization and structuring of the practices task and the creation of promising collections for presentation at international and national competitions for young stylist designers. 

scholarly journals Theory and practice of hydrostatic lysimeters for direct measurement of net seepage in a patterned mire in north Scotland

2001 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 693-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. P. Ingram ◽  
A. M. Coupar ◽  
O. M. Bragg
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Power ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Moisture Distribution ◽  
Water Tables ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Hydraulic Mechanism ◽  
Pool System ◽  
Novel Design ◽  
Soil Moisture Distribution ◽  
Design Construction

Abstract. A novel design of lysimeter for use in mires (peatlands) with shallow water tables is described. It employs an hydraulic mechanism for the automatic equilibration of soil moisture distribution between the outside and the inside of the lysimeter tank but uses no electronic components or electrical power; and it can be installed with minimal disturbance in surfaces with poor load-bearing capacity. The system was deployed on a mire in northern Scotland to investigate the distribution of shallow seepage associated with catenary arrays of different types of surface (microtopes). During the three-year period 15 November 1988 to 19 November 1991, the fraction of rainfall dispersed as seepage was 52% in a pool system; 62% in ridge-furrow microtopography; and 59-67% in unpatterned sloping mire. The data provide preliminary confirmation of the hypothesis of K. E. Ivanov that different microtopes within the same mire differ in their hydrological norms; and suggest that the range of ecohydrological differences at the study site may be similar to those obtained by Ivanov in western Siberia. Details of lysimeter design, construction, installation and operation are appended together with a discussion of the theory of the lysimeter. Keywords: acrotelm, blanket mire, ecohydrology, evapotranspiration, pool system, valleyside flowe, water balance

Initiating Development of a Concept Inventory for Engineering Design

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey R. Mountain
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Design ◽  
Design Education ◽  
Engineering Students ◽  
Design Concept ◽  
Concept Inventory ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Undergraduate Engineering ◽  
Education Community ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Fundamental Understanding

It has been stated that the topic of design is not conducive to assessment by concept inventory. While design problems are more ambiguous than problems in analytical subjects, such as physics, statics, or thermodynamics; the broader design education community of scholars might agree on a set of concepts that are essential to the fundamental understanding of design. Following a review of textbooks, industry interviews, and other literary sources, this paper will propose a set of commonly accepted overarching concepts that might form a nucleus of an engineering design concept inventory. This is intended primarily to initiate a dialog among the design engineering education community about the future development of a design concept inventory and it’s applicability in assessing the design content knowledge of undergraduate engineering students prior to entering the profession as graduate engineers.

Optimization of Radial Cams with Translating Roller Follower through Genetic Algorithms

2015 ◽  
Vol 783 ◽  
pp. 83-94
Author(s):  
Alberto Borboni
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Genetic Algorithms ◽  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Optimization Process ◽  
Radius Of Curvature ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Computational Optimization ◽  
Different Types

In this work, the optimization problem is studied for a planar cam which rotates around its axis and moves a centered translating roller follower. The proposed optimization method is a genetic algorithm. The paper deals with different design problems: the minimization of the pressure angle, the maximization of the radius of curvature and the minimization of the contact pressure. Different types of motion laws are tested to found the most suitable for the computational optimization process.

scholarly journals Reframing the Design Process: Integrating Goals, Methods and Manifestation into the Co-Evolution Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 359-368
Author(s):  
Rosa Storm ◽  
Jeffrey van Maanen ◽  
Milene Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Design Education ◽  
Evolution Model ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Problem Space ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Education Design ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
Design Students ◽  
Group Interviews

AbstractIn their early years of education, design students may experience difficulties in reframing design problems. Since reframing is linked to creativity, this may be problematic. While there are some models available to describe the reframing process, it is yet unclear how they are supporting design students. This study concerned the development and test of a framing model based on co-evolution transitions, through a two-part study: interviews with expert designers and workshops followed by group interviews with novices. The resulting model offers a way of thinking and a way of working, based on the fluidity of the design process. This study yielded two major insights. Firstly, students tend to perceive the problem space to be fixed once they defined it, even if they discovered disparate information along the way. Secondly, the developed model provides students with guidance and confidence in dealing with complex problems. Our results have a considerable impact on design education, as it is important to reinforce to design students that both the problem and solution understanding are fluid, and this model provides initial steps to help designers structuring their process.

scholarly journals An Improved L-Shaped Method for Solving Process Flexibility Design Problems

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Huasheng Yang ◽  
Jatinder N. D. Gupta ◽  
Lina Yu ◽  
Li Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Design Problem ◽  
Stochastic Program ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Process Flexibility ◽  
Response Dimension ◽  
Flexibility Design ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Effectiveness And Efficiency ◽  
First Time ◽  
Long Chain

Process flexibility, where a plant is able to produce different types of products, is introduced to mitigate mismatch risk caused by demand uncertainties. Thelong chain designproposed by Jordan and Graves in 1995 has been shown to be able to reap most benefits of full-flexibility structure (where each plant is able to produce all products) in balanced systems (where the numbers of products and plants are equal). However, when systems are not balanced or asymmetric or when response dimension is taken into consideration, long chain design may not be the best configuration. Therefore, this paper models the process flexibility design problem in more general settings. The paper considers both balanced and unbalanced systems with asymmetric plants considering response dimension. The problem is formulated as a two-stage stochastic program which is solved by an adapted L-shaped method, combining it with several enhancements. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time L-shaped method is used to solve the process flexibility design problem. The effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method and enhancements are evaluated. Finally, the comparison between design methods proposed in this paper and in existing literature shows the superiority of the former.

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