Carbon Isotopes as Tracers of Organic and Inorganic Carbon in Baltic Sea Sediments

AbstractDistributions of Δ14CTOC studied in bottom sediments collected during 2011–2016 in the Curonian Lagoon and in the open Baltic Sea indicated wide variations of Δ14CTOC values. Laboratory experiments on differential carbon utilization by Pseudomonas putida isolated from bottom sediments were carried out for better understanding of impacts of different sources on Δ14CTOC variations. Preferential glucose uptake (up to 80%) as a carbon source and a rather low (2–10%) inorganic carbon incorporation was found in media with diesel fuel. Pseudomonas putida a specific biomarker analyzed in biomass cultivated on the media with different carbon sources has been used to characterize microbial communities responsible for degradation of organic substances in bottom sediments. Large 14C depletions observed in sediments collected in the Gotland Deep of the Baltic Sea may indicate leakage from dumped chemical weapons.

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Paleoecological study of bottom sediments of the lake Goluboye (Karelian Isthmus) according to the results of diatom analysis

Issues of modern algology (Вопросы современной альгологии) ◽

10.33624/2311-0147-2019-2(20)-265-269 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 265-269

Author(s):

Angelina E. Shatalova ◽

Uriy A. Kublitsky ◽

Dmitry A. Subetto ◽

Anna V. Ludikova ◽

Alar Rosentau ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Baltic Sea ◽

Bottom Sediments ◽

Modern Science ◽

Karelian Isthmus ◽

The Baltic Sea ◽

Diatom Analysis ◽

North West ◽

The North ◽

Important Direction ◽

The Baltic

The study of paleogeography of lakes is an actual and important direction in modern science. As part of the study of lakes in the North-West of the Karelian Isthmus, this analysis will establish the dynamics of salinity of objects, which will allow to reconstruct changes in the level of the Baltic Sea in the Holocene.

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Bacteriohopanepolyols record stratification, nitrogen fixation and other biogeochemical perturbations in Holocene sediments of the central Baltic Sea

Biogeosciences ◽

10.5194/bg-10-2725-2013 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 2725-2735 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

M. Blumenberg ◽

C. Berndmeyer ◽

M. Moros ◽

M. Muschalla ◽

O. Schmale ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Baltic Sea ◽

Water Column ◽

Stable Stratification ◽

The Baltic Sea ◽

Allochthonous Input ◽

The North ◽

Water Column Stratification ◽

Gotland Deep ◽

History Of ◽

The Baltic

Abstract. The Baltic Sea, one of the world's largest brackish-marine basins, established after deglaciation of Scandinavia about 17 000 to 15 000 yr ago. In the changeable history of the Baltic Sea, the initial freshwater system was connected to the North Sea about 8000 yr ago and the modern brackish-marine setting (Littorina Sea) was established. Today, a relatively stable stratification has developed in the water column of the deep basins due to salinity differences. Stratification is only occasionally interrupted by mixing events, and it controls nutrient availability and growth of specifically adapted microorganisms and algae. We studied bacteriohopanepolyols (BHPs), lipids of specific bacterial groups, in a sediment core from the central Baltic Sea (Gotland Deep) and found considerable differences between the distinct stages of the Baltic Sea's history. Some individual BHP structures indicate contributions from as yet unknown redoxcline-specific bacteria (bacteriohopanetetrol isomer), methanotrophic bacteria (35-aminobacteriohopanetetrol), cyanobacteria (bacteriohopanetetrol cyclitol ether isomer) and from soil bacteria (adenosylhopane) through allochthonous input after the Littorina transgression, whereas the origin of other BHPs in the core has still to be identified. Notably high BHP abundances were observed in the deposits of the brackish-marine Littorina phase, particularly in laminated sediment layers. Because these sediments record periods of stable water column stratification, bacteria specifically adapted to these conditions may account for the high portions of BHPs. An additional and/or accompanying source may be nitrogen-fixing (cyano)bacteria, which is indicated by a positive correlation of BHP abundances with Corg and δ15N.

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Limited success of the non-indigenous bivalve clam Rangia cuneata in the Lithuanian coastal waters of the Baltic Sea and the Curonian Lagoon

Oceanologia ◽

10.1016/j.oceano.2019.01.005 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 61 (3) ◽

pp. 341-349 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sabina Solovjova ◽

Aurelija Samuilovienė ◽

Greta Srėbalienė ◽

Dan Minchin ◽

Sergej Olenin

Keyword(s):

Baltic Sea ◽

Coastal Waters ◽

Curonian Lagoon ◽

The Baltic Sea ◽

Rangia Cuneata ◽

Limited Success ◽

The Baltic

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Chlorophyll-a Variability during Upwelling Events in the South-Eastern Baltic Sea and in the Curonian Lagoon from Satellite Observations

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs12213661 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (21) ◽

pp. 3661

Author(s):

Toma Dabuleviciene ◽

Diana Vaiciute ◽

Igor E. Kozlov

Keyword(s):

Baltic Sea ◽

Chlorophyll A ◽

Satellite Data ◽

Coastal Upwelling ◽

Curonian Lagoon ◽

The Baltic Sea ◽

Chl A ◽

Resolution Imaging ◽

The Baltic ◽

Eastern Baltic

Based on the analysis of multispectral satellite data, this work demonstrates the influence of coastal upwelling on the variability of chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration in the south-eastern Baltic (SEB) Sea and in the Curonian Lagoon. The analysis of sea surface temperature (SST) data acquired by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) onboard Aqua/Terra satellites, together with Chl-a maps from Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) onboard Envisat, shows a significant decrease of up to 40–50% in Chl-a concentration in the upwelling zone. This results from the offshore Ekman transport of more productive surface waters, which are replaced by cold and less-productive waters from deeper layers. Due to an active interaction between the Baltic Sea and the Curonian Lagoon which are connected through the Klaipeda Strait, coastal upwelling in the SEB also influences the hydrobiological conditions of the adjacent lagoon. During upwelling inflows, SST drops by approximately 2–8 °C, while Chl-a concentration becomes 2–4 times lower than in pre-upwelling conditions. The joint analysis of remotely sensed Chl-a and SST data reveals that the upwelling-driven reduction in Chl-a concentration leads to the temporary improvement of water quality in terms of Chl-a in the coastal zone and in the hyper-eutrophic Curonian Lagoon. This study demonstrates the benefits of multi-spectral satellite data for upscaling coastal processes and monitoring the environmental status of the Baltic Sea and its largest estuarine lagoon.

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Remote Sensing of Coastal Upwelling in the South-Eastern Baltic Sea: Statistical Properties and Implications for the Coastal Environment

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs10111752 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 1752 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Toma Dabuleviciene ◽

Igor E. Kozlov ◽

Diana Vaiciute ◽

Inga Dailidiene

Keyword(s):

Baltic Sea ◽

Satellite Data ◽

Coastal Upwelling ◽

Optical Data ◽

Curonian Lagoon ◽

The South ◽

Near Surface ◽

South Eastern ◽

The Baltic ◽

Eastern Baltic

A detailed study of wind-induced coastal upwelling (CU) in the south-eastern Baltic Sea is presented based on an analysis of multi-mission satellite data. Analysis of moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) sea surface temperature (SST) maps acquired between April and September of 2000–2015 allowed for the identification of 69 CU events. The Ekman-based upwelling index (UI) was applied to evaluate the effectiveness of the satellite measurements for upwelling detection. It was found that satellite data enable the identification of 87% of UI-based upwelling events during May–August, hence, serving as an effective tool for CU detection in the Baltic Sea under relatively cloud-free summer conditions. It was also shown that upwelling-induced SST drops, and its spatial properties are larger than previously registered. During extreme upwelling events, an SST drop might reach 14 °C, covering a total area of nearly 16,000 km2. The evolution of an upwelling front during such intensive events is accompanied by the generation of transverse filaments extending up to 70 km offshore. An analysis of the satellite optical data shows a clear decline in the chlorophyll-a concentration in the coastal zone and in the shallow Curonian Lagoon, where it drops down by an order of magnitude. It was also shown that a cold upwelling front alters the stratification in the atmospheric boundary layer, leading to a sudden drop of air temperature and near-surface winds.

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Hydrobiological Studies of the Coastal Zone of the Baltic Sea and the Curonian Lagoon: Preface

Acta Zoologica Lituanica ◽

10.1080/13921657.2003.10512552 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 95-96 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Algis Bubinas ◽

Rimantas Repečka

Keyword(s):

Baltic Sea ◽

Coastal Zone ◽

Curonian Lagoon ◽

The Baltic Sea ◽

The Baltic

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Fractionation of iron species and iron isotopes in the Baltic Sea euphotic zone

Biogeosciences ◽

10.5194/bg-7-2489-2010 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 7 (8) ◽

pp. 2489-2508 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

J. Gelting ◽

E. Breitbarth ◽

B. Stolpe ◽

M. Hassellöv ◽

J. Ingri

Keyword(s):

Baltic Sea ◽

Isotope Composition ◽

Salinity Gradient ◽

Euphotic Zone ◽

Early Spring ◽

Strong Positive Correlation ◽

The Baltic Sea ◽

Gotland Deep ◽

The Baltic ◽

Bothnian Sea

Abstract. To indentify sources and transport mechanisms of iron in a coastal marine environment, we conducted measurements of the physiochemical speciation of Fe in the euphotic zone at three different locations in the Baltic Sea. In addition to sampling across a salinity gradient, we conducted this study over the spring and summer season. Moving from the riverine input characterized low salinity Bothnian Sea, via the Landsort Deep near Stockholm, towards the Gotland Deep in the Baltic Proper, total Fe concentrations averaged 114, 44, and 15 nM, respectively. At all three locations, a decrease in total Fe of 80–90% from early spring to summer was observed. Particulate Fe (PFe) was the dominating phase at all stations and accounted for 75–85% of the total Fe pool on average. The Fe isotope composition (δ 56Fe) of the PFe showed constant positive values in the Bothnian Sea surface waters (+0.08 to +0.20‰). Enrichment of heavy Fe in the Bothnian Sea PFe is possibly associated to input of aggregated land derived Fe-oxyhydroxides and oxidation of dissolved Fe(II). At the Landsort Deep the isotopic fractionation of PFe changed between −0.08‰ to +0.28‰ over the sampling period. The negative values in early spring indicate transport of PFe from the oxic-anoxic boundary at ∼80 m depth. The average colloidal iron fraction (CFe) showed decreasing concentrations along the salinity gradient; Bothnian Sea 15 nM; Landsort Deep 1 nM, and Gotland Deep 0.5 nM. Field Flow Fractionation data indicate that the main colloidal carrier phase for Fe in the Baltic Sea is a carbon-rich fulvic acid associated compound, likely of riverine origin. A strong positive correlation between PFe and chl-a indicates that cycling of suspended Fe is at least partially controlled by primary production. However, this relationship may not be dominated by active uptake of Fe into phytoplankton, but instead may reflect scavenging and removal of PFe during phytoplankton sedimentation.

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