scholarly journals Changes in macular pigment optical density and serum concentrations of lutein and zeaxanthin in response to weight loss

2010 ◽  
Vol 105 (7) ◽  
pp. 1036-1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark L. Kirby ◽  
Stephen Beatty ◽  
Jim Stack ◽  
Michael Harrison ◽  
Isabelle Greene ◽  
...  

The objective of the present study was to investigate whether weight loss is associated with changes in serum concentrations of lutein (L) and zeaxanthin (Z), and/or macular pigment optical density (MPOD). We recruited 104 overweight subjects into this randomised controlled weight loss study. For the intervention group (I group), weight was assessed weekly and body composition, including BMI (kg/m2) and body fat (kg and percentage), was assessed at baseline, 6 and 12 months. Weight loss was encouraged using dietary and exercise programmes. MPOD was measured by heterochromatic flicker photometry and serum concentrations of L and Z by HPLC (at baseline, 1, 3, 6 and 12 months). The control (C) group was assessed at baseline and 12 months. Repeated-measures ANOVA (RMA) demonstrated significant weight loss in the I group over the study period (P = 0·000). There was no significant weight change in the C group (P = 0·993). RMA of dietary L and Z, serum L and Z, and MPOD demonstrated no significant time or time × group interaction effect in any of these parameters (P>0·05 for all), with the exception of a significant decrease in the dietary intake of Z seen in both groups, over the study period (P < 0·05). There was a positive and significant relationship between body fat loss (kg) and increase in serum concentrations of L in the I group (r 0·521; P = 0·006). Our finding that a reduction in body composition (e.g. fat mass) is related to increases in serum concentrations of L is consistent with the hypothesis that body fat acts as a reservoir for this carotenoid, and that weight loss can positively influence circulating carotenoid levels.

2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 462-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam J. Wenzel ◽  
Joseph P. Sheehan ◽  
Joanne D. Burke ◽  
Mark G. Lefsrud ◽  
Joanne Curran-Celentano

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 992-998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zan Gao ◽  
Ping Xiang

Background:Exergaming has been considered a fun solution to promoting a physically active lifestyle. This study examined the impact of an exergaming-based program on urban children’s physical activity participation, body composition and perceptions of the program.Methods:A sample of 185 children’s physical activity was measured in August 2009 (pretest), and percent body fat was used as index of body composition. Fourth graders were assigned to intervention group engaging in 30 minutes exergaming-based activities 3 times per week, while third and fifth graders were in comparison group. Measurements were repeated 9 months later (posttest). Interviews were conducted among 12 intervention children.Results:ANCOVA with repeated measures revealed a significant main effect for intervention, F(1, 179) = 10.69, P < .01. Specifically, intervention children had significantly greater increased physical activity levels than comparison children. Logistic regression for body composition indicated intervention children did not differ significantly in percent body fat change from comparison children, Chi square = 5.42, P = .14. Children interviewed reported positive attitudes toward the intervention.Conclusions:The implementation of exergaming-based program could have a significantly positive effect on children’s physical activity participation and attitudes. Meanwhile, long-term effect of the program on children’s body composition deserves further investigation.


2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 261-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Kelly ◽  
Robert F. Coen ◽  
Kwadwo Owusu Akuffo ◽  
Stephen Beatty ◽  
Jessica Dennison ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 119-119
Author(s):  
Xiang Li ◽  
Roberta Holt ◽  
Carl Keen ◽  
Robert Hackman

Abstract Objectives Zeaxanthin (Z) and lutein (L) are xanthophyll carotenoids that function in part as macular pigments. Goji berries (Lycium Barbarum) are rich in zeaxanthin, and contain lutein, β-carotene, and β-cryptoxanthin. High intakes of Z and L have been associated with reduced risk of age-related macular degeneration. We assessed the impact of 3 months of 5 times per week intake of 28 g goji berry (GB), or a supplement providing 4 mg of Z and 6 mg of L (ZL) on macular pigment optical density (MPOD) and skin carotenoids (SC) in healthy adults aged 45–65 y old. Methods A randomized, open-labeled, parallel-arm pilot study was conducted at UC Davis. Study visits at baseline (SV1), and at 45 d (SV2) and 90 d (SV3) used heterochromatic flicker photometry to measure MPOD at 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 1.75 retinal eccentricities (RE), and Raman spectroscopy for SC. Between group changes within each treatment group were assessed with one-way Repeated Measures ANOVA with the Holm-Sidak post-hoc method. Results To date, 6 males and 13 females have been assessed. SC was not significantly different between the groups at SV1. The GB group showed a significant increase in SC at 45 d and 90 d compared to baseline (350.6 ± 138.4 SV1 vs. 400.6 ± 131.5 SV2 vs. 409.6 ± 156.6 SV3, P &lt; 0.001, n = 11). No significant changes in SC were found in the ZL group (P = 0.2, n = 8). MPOD did not differ between any RE at any time point for either group. MPOD was positively and significantly correlated (Pearson's or Spearman's correlation) with SC at 0.25 (r = 0.49, P = 0.004), 0.5 (rho = 0.48, P = 0.005) and 1 (rho = 0.45, P = 0.008) RE in the GB group. SC was also significantly correlated with MPOD in the ZL group at 0.25 (rho = 0.43, P = 0.038) and 1 (r = 0.41, P = 0.047) RE. Conclusions We report preliminary results that goji berry intake increases skin carotenoids. These data confirm that Raman spectroscopy is a useful tool for the relationship of skin carotenoids with dietary carotenoid intake, as well as changes in skin carotenoids with macular pigment optical density. Funding Sources UC Davis, Department of Nutrition.


2007 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 718-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meike Trieschmann ◽  
Stephen Beatty ◽  
John M. Nolan ◽  
Hans Werner Hense ◽  
Britta Heimes ◽  
...  

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Nolan ◽  
Jim Stack ◽  
John Mellerio ◽  
Margery Godhinio ◽  
Orla O'Donovan ◽  
...  

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