scholarly journals Effect of lean red meat from lamb v. lean white meat from chicken on the serum lipid profile: a randomised, cross-over study in women

2011 ◽  
Vol 107 (10) ◽  
pp. 1403-1407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocio Mateo-Gallego ◽  
Sofia Perez-Calahorra ◽  
Ana Cenarro ◽  
Ana M. Bea ◽  
Eva Andres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Red Meat ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
White Meat ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Lipid Response ◽  
Red Meats ◽  
Usual Diet

The main dietary guidelines recommend restricting total and saturated fat intake in the management of high blood cholesterol levels for cardiovascular risk. These recommendations are usually oversimplified by considering that all red meats should be limited and replaced by white meats. However, lean red meat can be as low in fat as white meat. We examined the effects of red meat (lean breed lamb) and lean white meat (chicken) intake on the lipid profile of a group of women with stable life conditions (nuns living in convents). An open-label, randomised, cross-over study was carried out in thirty-six nuns who consumed either lamb or chicken three times per week for 5-week periods with their usual diet. Clinical, dietary and biochemical variables were evaluated at baseline and the end of each diet period. A validated FFQ was used to assess nutrient intake and monitor compliance. The results showed neither between-diet differences in lipid responses nor differences from baseline in total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol or TAG for any diet period. In conclusion, consumption of lean red meat (lamb) or lean white meat (chicken) as part of the usual diet is associated with a similar lipid response. These two foods can be exchanged in a healthy diet to increase palatability.

669 EFFECTS OF LEAN RED MEAT OR LEAN WHITE MEAT INTAKE ON THE LIPID PROFILE IN WOMEN: A RANDOMIZED CROSSOVER STUDY

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
R. Mateo-Galleqo ◽  
S. Perez-Calahorra ◽  
A.M. Bea ◽  
E. Burillo ◽  
J. Homo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crossover Study ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Red Meat ◽  
White Meat ◽  
Meat Intake ◽  
Randomized Crossover Study

scholarly journals Consumption of red meat, white meat and processed meat in Irish adults in relation to dietary quality

2005 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 933-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meadhbh Cosgrove ◽  
Albert Flynn ◽  
Máiréad Kiely
Keyword(s):  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Red Meat ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Food Diary ◽  
White Meat ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Processed Meat Consumption

The aim of the present study was to examine the association of red meat, white meat and processed meat consumption in Irish adults with dietary quality. A cross-sectional study of subjects, randomly selected using the electoral register, estimated habitual food intakes using a 7 d food diary in a nationally representative sample of 662 men and 717 women (not pregnant or lactating) aged 18–64 years. Consumers were classified into thirds, based on the distribution of mean daily intakes for red meat, white meat and processed meat. The mean intakes of red meat, white meat and processed meat were 51, 33 and 26 g/d respectively, and men consumed significantly more (P<0·001) than women for all meat types. In men, red meat consumption was associated with lower (P<0·001) prevalence of inadequacy for Zn, riboflavin and vitamin C intakes. Increasing processed meat intake was associated with a lower (P<0·01) level of compliance with dietary recommendations for fat, carbohydrate and fibre in men. Increasing processed meat consumption was associated with lower (P<0·01) wholemeal bread, vegetables, fruit and fish intakes in men and women. Managerial occupations were associated with lower processed meat intakes. It is important to distinguish between meat groups, as there was a large variation between the dietary quality in consumers of red meat, white meat and processed meat. Processed meat consumption is negatively associated with dietary quality and might therefore be a dietary indicator of poor dietary quality. This has important implications in nutritional epidemiological studies and for the development of food-based dietary guidelines.

scholarly journals Effects of Full-Fat and Fermented Dairy Products on Cardiometabolic Disease: Food Is More Than the Sum of Its Parts

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 924S-930S ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne Astrup ◽  
Nina Rica Wium Geiker ◽  
Faidon Magkos
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Weight Of Evidence ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease Risk

ABSTRACT Current dietary recommendations to limit consumption of saturated fat are largely based on early nutrition studies demonstrating a direct link between dietary saturated fat, elevated blood cholesterol levels, and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. As full-fat dairy products are rich in saturated fat, these dietary guidelines recommend consumption of fat-free or low-fat dairy products in place of full-fat dairy. However, dairy products vary greatly in both their nutrient content and their bioactive ingredients, and research increasingly highlights the importance of focusing on whole foods (i.e., the food matrix) as opposed to single nutrients, such as saturated fat. In fact, the weight of evidence from recent large and well-controlled studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses of both observational studies and randomized controlled trials indicates that full-fat dairy products, particularly yogurt and cheese, do not exert the detrimental effects on insulin sensitivity, blood lipid profile, and blood pressure as previously predicted on the basis of their sodium and saturated fat contents; they do not increase cardiometabolic disease risk and may in fact protect against cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Although more research is warranted to adjust for possible confounding factors and to better understand the mechanisms of action of dairy products on health outcomes, it becomes increasingly clear that the recommendation to restrict dietary saturated fat to reduce risk of cardiometabolic disease is getting outdated. Therefore, the suggestion to restrict or eliminate full-fat dairy from the diet may not be the optimal strategy for reducing cardiometabolic disease risk and should be re-evaluated in light of recent evidence.

scholarly journals A Randomized, Two-Arm Crossover, Controlled-Feeding Trial Comparing Effects of Pork and Chicken Diets on System Biology, Microbiome and Metabolome Changes in Healthy Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1554-1554
Author(s):  
Samitinjaya Dhakal ◽  
Cydne Perry ◽  
Seyedeh Moazzami ◽  
Moul Dey
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Biogenic Amine ◽  
Red Meat ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
White Meat ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Lipid Panel ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives Majority of Americans practice a meat-based dietary lifestyle. We hypothesized that switching between chicken and pork meats within a nutritionally balanced diet would minimally impact gut microbiota composition, biogenic amine levels, and cardiometabolic health markers in healthy, non-diabetic adults. Methods 36 eligible men and women 50 years or older were randomized into chicken and pork meat groups consuming an isocaloric (1920 kcal/day) diet. The 10 day diet arms were separated by minimum of two weeks washout period. Following the current dietary guidelines for Americans, daily meals consisting of 156 g minimally-processed meat were provided to participants. Stool, urine and blood samples were collected before and after each diet phase followed by 16S targeted metagenomics and hydrophilic interaction chromatography analyses of metabolites. Proposed outcome measures were selected based on their ability to quickly respond to dietary changes and were assessed after overnight fasting. Linear mixed effect and regression models as well as other relevant approach were applied in R studio for data analyses. Results No differential outcome was observed between the chicken and pork diet groups for body weight and body composition features, lipid panel markers, blood pressures, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers, and kidney function measures (all, P &gt; 0.05). Alpha diversity of the gut microbiome was not differential. A small number of OTU level differences in beta diversity measures were present (padj &lt; 0.05). Plasma trimethyl amine-N-oxide, trimethylamine, carnitine, and choline levels were similar between the groups. Ongoing side-by-side examination of the impact of the two meats on an extended array of over hundred biogenic amine species may reveal novel changes. Several within group effects of the intervention were observed that were non-differential between the groups. Conclusions White meat is generally perceived as healthier than red meat. Our comprehensive data suggest minimal differential metabolic impact on the host and the gut microbiota when switched between chicken (white meat) and pork (red meat). Additional assessments are needed to reflect on the long-term metabolic outcome of routine red meat intake in healthy non-vegetarian individuals. Funding Sources National Pork Board and National Institute of Food and Agriculture.

Utilization Of White-Meat, Red-Meat And Super Red Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus sp) Skin Waste As An Alternative Food Source

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
Yulian Syahputri ◽  
Diana Widiastuti
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Food Source ◽  
Red Meat ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Alternative Food ◽  
Sodium Metabisulfite ◽  
White Meat ◽  
Fruit Skin ◽  
Dragon Fruit ◽  
Alternative Food Source

Dragon fruit skin, waste material (dragon fruit waste), will have a profitable sale value if it can be used as a food raw material. Dragon fruit skin waste contains relatively high dietary fiber so it can be used as a food raw material. This study aims to utilize dragon fruit skin waste for the manufacture of dragon fruit skin flour as an alternative food source. Some tests are made on white-meat dragon fruit skin, red-meat dragon fruit skin and super red dragon fruit skin. The preliminary study is the soaking of the three types of dragon fruit skin in two solutions, namely 0.1% sodium citrate and 0.1% sodium metabisulfite to prevent the browning effect on flour. Dragon fruit skin flour from the soaking with both solutions is then characterized physically, including its texture, color, flavor and rendement. The best physical characterization is followed by chemical characterization, including the contents of water, ash, protein, fat, carbohydrate, dietary fiber, minerals (Fe, Na, K, Ca and P), and also microbiological characterization of Escherichia coli, molds and Bacillus cereus. The chemical and microbiological characterization shows that the red-meat dragon fruit skin flour has better results than the white-meat and super red dragon fruit skin flour does. The red-meat dragon fruit skin flour contains 8.80% water, 0.20% ash, 2.35% fat, 7.69%, protein, 68,29% carbohydrate and 28,72% dietary fiber as well as 4.40 mg K, 8.76 mg Na , 0.65 mg Fe , 10.20 mg Ca and 32.58 mg P. Keywords: Waste, Dragon Fruit Skin, Dragon Fruit Skin Powder, Alternative Food Source

Nutrition and packaging characteristics of toddler foods and milks in Australia

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Jennifer R McCann ◽  
Georgina C Russell ◽  
Karen J Campbell ◽  
Julie L Woods
Keyword(s):  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Snack Food ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Snack Foods ◽  
Retail Food Environment ◽  
Regulatory Approach ◽  
Sugar Levels

Abstract Objective: To analyse nutritional and packaging characteristics of toddler-specific foods and milks in the Australian retail food environment to identify how such products fit within the Australian Dietary Guidelines (ADG) and the NOVA classification. Design: Cross-sectional retail audit of toddler foods and milks. On-pack product attributes were recorded. Products were categorised as (1) food or milk; (2) snack food or meal and (3) snacks sub-categorised depending on main ingredients. Products were classified as a discretionary or core food as per the ADG and level of processing according to NOVA classification. Setting: Supermarkets and pharmacies in Australia. Results: A total of 154 foods and thirty-two milks were identified. Eighty percentage of foods were snacks, and 60 % of foods were classified as core foods, while 85 % were ultraprocessed (UP). Per 100 g, discretionary foods provided significantly more energy, protein, total and saturated fat, carbohydrate, total sugar and Na (P < 0·001) than core foods. Total sugars were significantly higher (P < 0·001) and Na significantly lower (P < 0·001) in minimally processed foods than in UP foods. All toddler milks (n 32) were found to have higher energy, carbohydrate and total sugar levels than full-fat cow’s milk per 100 ml. Claims and messages were present on 99 % of foods and all milks. Conclusions: The majority of toddler foods available in Australia are UP snack foods and do not align with the ADG. Toddler milks, despite being UP, do align with the ADG. A strengthened regulatory approach may address this issue.

scholarly journals Towards refining WCRF/AICR cancer prevention recommendations for red and processed meat intake: Insights from Alberta’s Tomorrow Project cohort

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-38
Author(s):  
Ala Al Rajabi ◽  
Geraldine Lo Siou ◽  
Alianu K. Akawung ◽  
Kathryn L McDonald ◽  
Tiffany R. Price ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Red Meat ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Carcinogenic Effect ◽  
Meat Intake ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Red Meats ◽  
Red And Processed Meat

ABSTRACT Current cancer prevention recommendations advise limiting red meat intake to <500g/week and avoiding consumption of processed meat, but do not differentiate the source of processed meat. We examined the associations of processed meat derived from red vs. non-red meats with cancer risk in a prospective cohort of 26,218 adults who reported dietary intake using the Canadian Diet History Questionnaire. Incidence of cancer was obtained through data linkage with Alberta Cancer Registry with median (IQR) follow-up of 13.3 (5.1) years. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were adjusted for covariates and stratified by age and gender. The median (IQR) consumption (g/week) of red meat, processed meat from red meat and processed meat from non-red meat were 267.9 (269.9), 53.6 (83.3), and 11.9 (31.8), respectively. High intakes (4th Quartile) of processed meat from red meat was associated with increased risk of gastro-intestinal cancer Adjusted Hazard Ratio (AHR) (95% CI): 1.68 (1.09 – 2.57) and colorectal cancers AHR (95% CI): 1.90 (1.12 – 3.22), respectively in women. No statistically significant associations were observed for intakes of red meat or processed meat from non-red meat. Results suggests that the carcinogenic effect associated with processed meat intake may be limited to processed meat derived from red meats. The findings provide preliminary evidence toward refining cancer prevention recommendations for red and processed meat intake.

scholarly journals Changes in blood lipid concentrations associated with changes in intake of dietary saturated fat in the context of a healthy low-carbohydrate weight-loss diet: a secondary analysis of the Diet Intervention Examining The Factors Interacting with Treatment Success (DIETFITS) trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 433-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia W Shih ◽  
Michelle E Hauser ◽  
Lucia Aronica ◽  
Joseph Rigdon ◽  
Christopher D Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Carbohydrate Intake ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Weight Loss Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Saturated Fat Intake

ABSTRACTBackgroundFor low-carbohydrate diets, a public health approach has focused on the replacement of carbohydrates with unsaturated fats. However, little research exists on the impacts of saturated fat intake on the lipid profile in the context of whole-food-based low-carbohydrate weight-loss diets.ObjectivesThe primary aim of this secondary analysis of the DIETFITS weight loss trial was to evaluate the associations between changes in percentage of dietary saturated fatty acid intake (%SFA) and changes in low-density lipoproteins, high-density lipoproteins, and triglyceride concentrations for those following a healthy low-carbohydrate (HLC) diet. The secondary aim was to examine these associations specifically for HLC dieters who had the highest 12-month increases in %SFA.MethodsIn the DIETFITS trial, 609 generally healthy adults, aged 18–50 years, with body mass indices of 28–40 kg/m2 were randomly assigned to a healthy low-fat (HLF) or HLC diet for 12 months. In this analysis, linear regression, both without and with adjustment for potential confounders, was used to measure the association between 12-month change in %SFA and blood lipids in 208 HLC participants with complete diet and blood lipid data.ResultsParticipants consumed an average of 12–18% of calories from SFA. An increase of %SFA, without significant changes in absolute saturated fat intake, over 12 months was associated with a statistically significant decrease in triglycerides in the context of a weight-loss study in which participants simultaneously decreased carbohydrate intake. The association between increase in %SFA and decrease in triglycerides was no longer significant when adjusting for 12-month change in carbohydrate intake, suggesting carbohydrate intake may be a mediator of this relationship.ConclusionsThose on a low-carbohydrate weight-loss diet who increase their percentage intake of dietary saturated fat may improve their overall lipid profile provided they focus on a high-quality diet and lower their intakes of both calories and refined carbohydrates. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01826591.

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