Laboratory evaluation of malathion for controlling the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria (Forsk.)

1969 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafiz Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Schistocerca Gregaria ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Desert Locust ◽  
Simultaneous Application

Experiments were carried out to remove existing doubts about the toxicity (and therefore cost per unit killing power) of malathion to adults of Schistocerca gregaria (Forsk.) which have arisen from earlier field and laboratory tests. Malathion is shown to be almost as toxic to these insects as γ-BHC, but superior in speed of action. These observations are in agreement with the performance of these two compounds in the field.Subdivision of a dose of malathion with simultaneous application at two loci increased its toxicity. This, as well as other factors, brings the value of LD50 determinations into question. Recommendations for large-scale use of new insectsicides, based only on laboratory data, may not always be reliable.

STRATEGIES FOR THE USE OF ENTOMOPATHOGENS IN THE CONTROL OF THE DESERT LOCUST AND OTHER ACRIDOID PESTS

1997 ◽  
Vol 129 (S171) ◽  
pp. 5-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Prior ◽  
D.A. Streett
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Schistocerca Gregaria ◽  
The United States ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Desert Locust ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Breeding Grounds ◽  
Fast Acting ◽  
Oedaleus Senegalensis

AbstractLarge-scale applications of non-persistent but broad-spectrum chemical insecticides in Africa during the 1980s for control of acridoid pests, particularly the desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria Forskål) and Sahelian pest grasshoppers, raised concern about environmental damage and human safety. Similar concerns have been expressed in Australia, the United States, and Canada and have led to a search for alternative strategies. To lessen dependence on chemicals, an integrated pest management (IPM) approach for grasshopper control has been encouraged in the United States with emphasis on biological control as an important component and this is also desirable elsewhere, but additional biocontrol components are needed. Current strategies for most pest acridoids rely on short-term destruction of outbreak populations. Nymphs are the preferred target wherever possible and inundative augmentation of entomopathogenic deuteromycete fungi formulated as biopesticides could replace chemical spraying in some cases, especially where the major threat is to crops remote from the pest breeding areas. Entomopathogens are slower acting than chemicals and thus best suited for use where the pest is not immediately threatening to crops. Schistocerca gregaria and Oedaleus senegalensis Krauss pose particularly difficult problems because of the very large area and inaccessibility of their potential breeding grounds, their very sudden upsurges, and their great mobility as adult swarms. Fast-acting chemicals are likely to be needed when rapid intervention is required to control these pests, but an IPM strategy could incorporate biopesticide application in the early stages of upsurges and also be used for swarm control in some cases. However, improved prediction and monitoring are needed to facilitate the use of biopesticides and other IPM techniques against these pests.

Clinical and Laboratory Evaluation of the Child with Suspected Immunodeficiency

1985 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
E. Richard Stiehm
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Laboratory Analysis ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Hospital Laboratory ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndromes ◽  
Exact Diagnosis

Historical, clinical, and laboratory data should enable the pediatrician to suspect and then establish a diagnosis of immunodeficiency in children with too many infections. Although certain rare immunologic syndromes require a sophisticated laboratory analysis, office and hospital laboratory tests are often available to make (or exclude) a presumptive or exact diagnosis of most of the immunodeficiency syndromes.

scholarly journals Dynamic Loads and Response of a Spar Buoy Wind Turbine with Pitch-Controlled Rotating Blades: An Experimental Study

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3598
Author(s):  
Sara Russo ◽  
Pasquale Contestabile ◽  
Andrea Bardazzi ◽  
Elisa Leone ◽  
Gregorio Iglesias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Nonlinear Behavior ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Wave Steepness ◽  
Design Factor

New large-scale laboratory data are presented on a physical model of a spar buoy wind turbine with angular motion of control surfaces implemented (pitch control). The peculiarity of this type of rotating blade represents an essential aspect when studying floating offshore wind structures. Experiments were designed specifically to compare different operational environmental conditions in terms of wave steepness and wind speed. Results discussed here were derived from an analysis of only a part of the whole dataset. Consistent with recent small-scale experiments, data clearly show that the waves contributed to most of the model motions and mooring loads. A significant nonlinear behavior for sway, roll and yaw has been detected, whereas an increase in the wave period makes the wind speed less influential for surge, heave and pitch. In general, as the steepness increases, the oscillations decrease. However, higher wind speed does not mean greater platform motions. Data also indicate a significant role of the blade rotation in the turbine thrust, nacelle dynamic forces and power in six degrees of freedom. Certain pairs of wind speed-wave steepness are particularly unfavorable, since the first harmonic of the rotor (coupled to the first wave harmonic) causes the thrust force to be larger than that in more energetic sea states. The experiments suggest that the inclusion of pitch-controlled, variable-speed blades in physical (and numerical) tests on such types of structures is crucial, highlighting the importance of pitch motion as an important design factor.

scholarly journals Factors Enhancing Serum Syndecan-1 Concentrations: A Large-Scale Comprehensive Medical Examination

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1320
Author(s):  
Kazumasa Oda ◽  
Hideshi Okada ◽  
Akio Suzuki ◽  
Hiroyuki Tomita ◽  
Ryo Kobayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Endothelial Glycocalyx ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Triglyceride Concentration ◽  
Medical Examinations

Endothelial disorders are related to various diseases. An initial endothelial injury is characterized by endothelial glycocalyx injury. We aimed to evaluate endothelial glycocalyx injury by measuring serum syndecan-1 concentrations in patients during comprehensive medical examinations. A single-center, prospective, observational study was conducted at Asahi University Hospital. The participants enrolled in this study were 1313 patients who underwent comprehensive medical examinations at Asahi University Hospital from January 2018 to June 2018. One patient undergoing hemodialysis was excluded from the study. At enrollment, blood samples were obtained, and study personnel collected demographic and clinical data. No treatments or exposures were conducted except for standard medical examinations and blood sample collection. Laboratory data were obtained by the collection of blood samples at the time of study enrolment. According to nonlinear regression, the concentrations of serum syndecan-1 were significantly related to age (p = 0.016), aspartic aminotransferase concentration (AST, p = 0.020), blood urea nitrogen concentration (BUN, p = 0.013), triglyceride concentration (p < 0.001), and hematocrit (p = 0.006). These relationships were independent associations. Endothelial glycocalyx injury, which is reflected by serum syndecan-1 concentrations, is related to age, hematocrit, AST concentration, BUN concentration, and triglyceride concentration.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document