Distribution, biology and host specificity of Cyrtobagous singularis Hustache (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) for the biological control of Salvinia molesta

1983 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. W. Forno ◽  
D. P. A. Sands ◽  
W. Sexton
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Host Specificity ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Pistia Stratiotes ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Water Lettuce ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Salvinia Molesta ◽  
High Degree

AbstractCyrtobagous singularis Hust. was recorded from Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and Argentina in association with six species of Salvinia (aquatic ferns). Field observations and laboratory studies in Brazil and Australia showed that C. singularis severely damaged S. molesta and that the weevil is suitable as a control agent for this weed in tropical and subtropical areas in Australia. In host-specificity studies using 46 plant species that occur in Australia, development of the immature stages took place only on S. molesta. Minor leaf scarring occurred on sweet potato when in contact with water, but starvation tests excluded this plant as a possible terrestrial host. Adults fed, but were unable to reproduce, on water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes). The high degree of host specificity indicated that establishment of this weevil in Australia is without risk to non-target plants. C. singularis was first released and became established in Australia in 1980.

scholarly journals THE POTENTIAL OF SPODOPTERA PECTINICORNIS IN CONTROLLING WATER LETTUCE (Pistia stratiotes) IN FIELD

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Lyswiana Aphrodyanti ◽  
Helda Orbani Rosa ◽  
Samharinto Samharinto
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Release Site ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Pistia Stratiotes ◽  
Target Area ◽  
Water Lettuce ◽  
Great Hope ◽  
High Level ◽  
State Of The Environment

Spodoptera pectinicornis is a biological control agent that has a great potential to control water lettuce weeds. Its existence in nature however is still limited, so a mass propagation is needed by rearing S. pectinicornis imagoes to produce eggs and to hatch them into larvae of 4 days old. The 4-year larvae were then released by putting water lettuces that contained active larvae into the target area. Observation results on the percentage of damage in the watershed location for 5 times of observation consecutively was 25%, 50%, 50%, 75% and 90%. The magnitude of damage showed that S. pectinicornis was able to adapt well, so it could perform eating activities and cause damage to the water lettuces. Meanwhile, at the release site of rice field, the percentage of damage was 0%, 25%, 35%, 25% and 10%. The downward trend in the level of S. pectinicornis attacks was due to its inability to keep pace with the growth and development of water lettuces. High level of rainfall caused the water lettuces to increase its size and the number of its tillers so that they could colonize these waters. The fact that S. pectinicornis still has the ability to destroy the water lettuces gives great hope to the control efforts. However, thorough evaluation and assessment are required on all aspects, such as the biological control agents, weed targets, organisms associated with them, and the state of the environment so as to minimize the possibility of failure in the field.

scholarly journals Mass Production and Application of Spodoptera pectinicornis as Biological Control Agent of Water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes)

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Helda Orbani Rosa ◽  
Samharinto . ◽  
Lyswiana Aphrodyanti
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Pistia Stratiotes ◽  
Aquatic Weeds ◽  
Water Lettuce ◽  
Liquid Fertilizer ◽  
Air Circulation

<p>Water lettuce (<em>Pistia stratiotes</em>) is one of the important aquatic weeds because it can cause many problems for humans and the environment. In addition, the declining quality and quantity of water is also due to the invasion of water lettuce weeds covering the surface of waters, which can lead to the increasing transpiration and destruction of plankton making the balance of the ecosystem disrupted. This study was conducted in an attempt to control <em>P.</em><em> Stratiotes</em> by utilizing the biological control agent <em>Spodoptera pectinicornis</em> with mass production and its releasing applications in South Kalimantan’s waters. The study was started by taking and collecting <em>S. pectinicornis</em> from several places/fields. The moths were then placed in trays of water and put in a gauze cage of 75 cm x 75 cm x 75 cm in order to keep the air circulation. They were nourished in the laboratory to produce groups of eggs. The groups of eggs were then transferred to rearing ponds. When a fair number of agents were obtained, the treatment of liquid fertilizer AB Mix was carried out. The results showed that the fertilization treatment to water lettuce weeds as the food for the biological control agent <em>S. pectinicornis</em> did not differ from the condition when there was no fertilization treatment either on the feeding ability, weight of larvae and pupae or fitness of imago. However, its destructive ability is high that it has a big potential as a biological control of water lettuce.</p>

The biology and host specificity of Liothrips mikaniae (Priesner) (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae), a potential biological control agent of Mikania micrantha (Compositae)

1982 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 523-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. W. Cock
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Host Specificity ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Mikania Micrantha

AbstractLiothrips mikaniae (Priesn.) comb. n. is one of the most promising biological control agents for Mikania micrantha, a sprawling composite vine native to the Neotropics which is a serious weed of plantations in South-East Asia. A description and illustrations of the adult and larvae of this thrips is followed by details of the life-history, culture technique, host specificity (including laboratory studies demonstrating oligophagy) and natural enemies. It is recommended for introduction to South-East Asia.

scholarly journals First Attempt at and Early Results on the Biological Control of Pistia stratiotes L. in South Africa

Koedoe ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catharina J. Cilliers
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Biological Control ◽  
Pistia Stratiotes ◽  
Water Lettuce ◽  
Early Results ◽  
The Republic

Although Pistia stratiotes L. (water lettuce) is not an important weed in the Republic of South Africa, the host-specific weevil Neohydronomus pulchellus Hustache was imported for the biological control of this weed. The weevil was released onto a dense infestation of P. stratiotes of several years standing on a pan in the Pafuri area in December 1985. By September 1986 the weevils had already destroyed most of the weed and in October 1986 the weed was under biological control at this site.

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